HomeMy WebLinkAbout1.0 Application1.9
Golonado'lJte
Electnic Association, lnc.
HAND DELIVERED
P. O. Box 1 149
Montrose, Colorado 81402
(303) 249-4501
JulY L2, 1983
JUi ig83
-*;.i{;lEugene Drinkhouse, Chairman
Garf ield CountY Commissioners
P.O. Box 640
Glenwood SPrings, Colorado 8L602
Dear Chairman Drinkhouse:
3
Rifle-San Juan 345-kv Transmission Line
- Garfield CountY Permit
Colorado-Ute Electric Association' Inc" hereby submits to
Garfield county, colorado, its permit application to construct and
operate the Garfield County portion of the proposed Rifle-san Juan
345-kv Transmission Line. This submission is made in accordance
with the Garfield County Zoning Resolution adopted January 2 ' L979 '
Enclosed are three (3) sets of the Application Packagie' which
includes the required special- use Permit Application Form, the
description of the proposed project, the discussion of need for the
project, and a statement on the impact of the project' The approxi-
mate location of the proposed transmission line is shown in Exhibit D
of the Application Package. supplemental documents, including
typical specifications for construction landscapitg, rehabilitation'
and fire control, a sunrmary of Colorado-Ute's 1983 Power Requirements
study, the supplemental Draft Environmental Impact statement for the
project, and a discussion of the biological effects of transnission
line operation, are included in the Application Package as Exhibits F
through J.
No. 160634 datecl JuIY 11,
the Special Use Permit aPPIi-Also enclosed is Colorado-Ute Check
1983, in the amount of $500.00 to cover
cation fee.
E. Drinkhouse July L2, I9B3
Colorado-Ute is prepared to notify all affected landowners and
local newspapers, by tertified mai1, of the hearing for the subject
permit application as soon as Garfield County informs Colorado-Ute
of the hearing schedule. Please contact me if you require additional
information oi clarification regarding this application.
Very trulY Yours,'Idr,yw
Mary Margaret ChaPman, Manager
Lands & Permits
MMC/NAM: d.s
Enclosures
Public Service Company of Co1orado, w/enc'
Western Area Power Administration, w/enc'
SPECIAL USE PERYIT
Date: July 12, 1983
Applicant: Colorado-Ute Electric Association' Inc'
Address of APPlicant :-P'-Q.=49 , I4on Colore4q-- Jl'lq!
;"";";
--. '"o,.,=ar.il-.rrd
on"ru..ior, o, . ,nu,ooo-roa. t="=*i==iot ttt" tnto'nn
Requirements:
1.?lansandspecificaEionsforproposeduse.
2.Lettersofapprovalfromutllitycompanies'Sewageandwater..Roadaccess
and oEher i-nforuration deemed necessary'
3. A vicinity map dravrn to scale depicting the subject property' location and
use of buildings and structures on adjacent lots' r'l nQ nf Tnnins l
L. An impact statlment on the piopo"ta t'-t" (see S'03'07 - 5'Ol'09 of Zoning Regs')
5.Acopyore'=u=.or,smapshowingProPerty;andalistingofalladjoinj.ngproPerty
. owners and property owners within 200 fe6t of said property' Notice containing
information described under paragraph 5 sha11 be mailed to all oL,Tters of record of
these lots at reast 5 days pri-or'-ao'at. t."ring by certi-fied return receipt mail'
6. Notice including th" orr" oi the applicant, description of the subject lot' a
description of the proposed special use "''d tht time and place for the hearing shal1
be given in the newspaPer of general circulation in Ehat PorEion of Ehe county at
least fifteen (15) days prior to such hearing time' Applicant sha1l bear the cost
of advertising -__) c^_ ^-^.,. nd sha1l be submitted with
7. A fee of $s00.00 shall be charged for each applicarion al
the aPPlication
ThisSpecialUsePermitisincompliancewithSections5.03andg.03oftheGarfield
County'Zoning Resolution and as Per application'
ListallproPertyol]nerswithin20ofeetofsubjectproPertyli.nes
Attachmapshowingallimprovernents(presentandproposed)andallpertinentdlstances
andarea.showallimprovementsonyourPropertyandadjoiningproPertywithin200feetof
your boundary'
Theaboveinformationiscorrecttothebestofmyknowledge.Coloradc:U!€ Electric Assn" Inc'
--APP/icant
-rq"""65i, Lands & Permits
Proof of Publication- Dare: July 12, I9B3
Mail ReceiPts
Special Use Granted-
Special Use Denied--'-
Reason for Dcnial
Board of CountY Commlssioners
Garflel d County , CoJ orado
RIFLE-SAN JUAN 345-KV TRANSMISSION LINE
1.
LANDOI^7NER LIST
GARFTELD COUNTY
Norman E. a Muriel DuttonP.O. Box 185
Parachute, Colorado 91635
Mona Gardner
P.O. Box 16
Parachute, Colorado 81635
John Savage
1722 293 Road
Rif1e, Colorado 81650
Battlement Mesa, Inc.
Attn: Exxon Corporation
P.O. Box 53
Houston, Texas 77001
William B. & Ruth lI. Cutter
37 301 Road
Parachute, Colorado 81635
5.
2.
3.
4.
6. Donald Burtard
268 338 Road
Parachute, Colorado 81635
7. Brown Rifle Ranch Company
2100 Colorado State Bank B1dg.
16th & Broadway-
Denver, Colorado 80202
B. Cache Creek Ventures
P.O. Box 2694
Grand Junction, Col_orado 81502
9. Rif1e Ski Corporation
P.O. Box 472
Rif Ie, Col_orado 81650
10. FeIix S. Sefcovic
6516 County Road 301
Parachute, Colorado 81635
Page 2
11. Helen & Lee Rinehart
l7l9 Penn, Apt. #4
Denver, Colorado 80203
L2. David Youberg
Medical Arts Building
Sac City, fowa 50583
13. Donal-d c. & Jo Ann Dorrerl, c/o Irtann peak AssoclationP.O. Box 187
Rif1e, Colorado 8I650
14. Pierce Mang:urian
7101 Road 117
Glenwood Springs, Colorado 81601
15. Grass Mesa Ranch
P.O. Box 1599
Aspen, Colorado 81612
16. Charles R. & Betty Jewellc/o Loren G. Jewell
547 Road 352
Rif Ie, Colorado 8l_650
17. Loren & Al-vina M. Jewell
547 352 Road
RifIe, Colorado 81650
18. I{i11iam G. & Maureen Louise Jewel1P.O. Box 626
Rif1e, Colorado 81650
19. Cambridge Properties
650 S. Cherry Street, Suj-te 1000
Denver, Colorado 80222
20. Milton Oliver Booth
11491 Ham Lane
Lodi, California 95240
o
Ms. Mary Chapman
Colorado Ute Electric Association, Inc.P. 0. Box ll49
Montrose, C0 81402
pufrlic Serviee Compnnl, -'
P.C. BOX 84O.DENVER, COLORADO BO2O1
Templ e
Gri ffen
April 6, .l983
cc: J. E. Marti n
A. D. Miller
Dear Mary:RE: Rifle-San Juan 345 kV Transm'ission Line
Dennis Stranger, Director of the Department of Development-Garfieldcounty, has requested that we provide 'infornntion regarding futureservjce to the Shale 0il Developments to assist the iounty-in theirreview of the D.E.I.s. for the Rifle-San Juan project. DLnnis
expressed specific concern regarding any required crossings of Inter-state 70 and the Colorado River
We have not developed any plans to serve the future Shale 0il Deveiop-ments and will not do so until Letters of Intent or contracts aresigned to provide service for specific loads. I have enclosed twodrawings which indicate theoret'ical situatjons regarding the requiredcrossings of Interstate 70 and the colorado River; one assumes theproposed 345 kV line would be located south of the Interstate andRiver, and the other assumes a route North of the Interstate and River.Please note that these drawings are intended to be one-l'ine schematjcsand_do-not represent actual alignments of the corridors proposed in the
?tqtt Preliminary Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement for the
Ri fe-San Juan Project.
Tf,.:g drawitlgs indicate that two additional crossings would be requiredin the immediate future if the northern corridor is-selected, and thatthe southern corridor indicates a potential future crossing whichconceivably nriay not occur. Future systems are dependent on when and
how the Shale 0il Developments proceed, what specific power requirementsdevelop, and the electric system reliability requirements of the Shale0i1 Companies. There nny be any number of additional corporate influences
and P.u.c. concerns which may also influence any future systems.
Please provide these drawings to Dennis stranger of Garfield county, andit may also be appropriate to provide copies [o Mesa county and theGrand Junction and Glenwood Springs offices of the B.L.M. -
Sincerely,
PUB ERVICE COMPANY COLORADO
Land and Ri ght-of-Way Departmen t
Ya ki ch
K. Howard
N. J.
E. A.
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RIFLE-SAN JUAN 345,OOO VOLT ELEGTRTG TRANSMISSION LINE
APPLICATION
FOR
SPECIAL USE PERMIT
SUBMITTED
GARFIELD COUNTY,
TO
COLORADO
BY
Golonado - [JteElectric Association, !nc.
JULY, 1 gg3
L/
RIFLE-SANJUAN345,000VoLTELECTRICTRANSI"IISSIoNLINE
APPLICATION
FOR
SPECIAL USE PERMIT
SUBMITTED TO
GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO
BY
COLORADO-UTE ELECTRIC ASSOCIATION' INC'
JuIy, 1 983
Special Use
Exhibit A
Exhibit B
Exhibit C
Exhibit D
Exhibit E
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Permit APP1ication Form
Lega1 DescriPtion
Plans and Specifications, including
sketches of TYPieal 345,000 Volt
Transmission Structures
RifIe Substation
Letters of APProval
Map of Vicinity and Proposed Electric
Transmission and Substation System
ImPact Statement on ProPosed Use
5.03.07 Industrial OPeration
5.03.07( 1 ) ImPact Statement
5.03.07(1)(a) Effect on Use of Water
5.03.07( 1 ) (b) Effect on Adjacent Land
5.03.07( 1 ) (c) Effect on Wildlife and
Domestic Animals
5.0 3 .07 (2) Traffic
5.03.07(3) Safe Distances
5. O 3. O7 ( 4 ) Ad'ditional Inf ormation
5.0 3.0 7 ( 5 ) Rehabilitation
5.03.08 Industrial Performance Standards
5.03.08( 1 ) Vo1ume of Sound Generated
5.03.08(2) Vibration Generated
5.0 3.08 ( 3 ) Emission of Smoke and
s.03.08(4)
5.03.08(s)
Part i cu1 ate
Matter
Emissions or Heat, Glare,
Radiation and Fumes
Storage Area, Salvage Yard,
Sanitary Landfill a I'lineraI
Waste DisPosal
5.03.08(6) Water PoIluti-on
5.03.09 Uses Not Itemized
I
3
5
6
PAGE
7
7
7
25
26
27
2B
29
30
30
31
31
3t
31
32
33
34
34
Page 2
Exhibit F
Exhibit G
Exhibit H
Exhibit I
Exhibit J
Part IV
Part V
PArt VI
Part VII
Sampte Portions of Typical Construction
Specifications
Typical Construction
Speci f icat ions
Fire Plan
LandscaPe PIan
LandscaPe Ivlanagement PIan
Part VIII Rehabilitation PIan
Supptemental Drhft Environmental Impact
Statement for RifIe-San Juan 345-kv Line
Prepared Testimony of Frederic A' Kuhlemeier
before the Colorado Public Utilities
Commi s s ion
Summary Power Requirements Study, April
't983
Power nesearch InstituteBioIog ical Effects of
by Electric
EXHIBIT A
LEGAL DESCRIPTION
colorado-ute proposes that the Garfield county portion of the
RifIe-San Juan 345-kv Transmission Line proceed southwest from the
Rif}e Substation, and follow the base of the foothills just north
of the White River National Forest to a point on the Garfield-Mesa
County Line some 6 miles south of Parachute, Colorado, and 9 miles
northeast of De Beque, colorado. The legal description of the
proposed line route reads as follows:
In Garfield county, colorado: BEGINNING at the Rifle sub-
station southeast of Rifle located in the swl/4 SW1/4 of
section 14i THENCE in a westerly direction to a point in the
sE1/4 SE1/4, Section 14i THENCE in a southwesterly direction
to the existing 230-kv transmission line; THENCE in a south-
westerly direction following said existing 230-kv transmission
line to a point in the NE1/4 NW1/4 of section 29, all in Town-
ship 6 South, Range 93 West,6th P.M.; THENCE in a southerly
direction to a point in the sw1/4 of section 5, T7S, R93W, 6th
P.M.; THENCE in a southwesterly direction to a point in the
NE,l/4 SE1/4 of Section 1; THENCE in a westerly direction to
a point in the sw"l/4 Swl/4 of Section g, T7S, R95w, 5th P.M.;
THENCE in a westerly direction to a point in the NEI/A SW1/4
of section 1 i THENCE in a southwesterly direction to a point
in the sE1/4 NE1/4 of Section 5; THENCE in a southwestelry
direction to a point in the sgl/A SE1/4 of section 15i THENCE
in a southwesterly direction to a point in the Nwlr/A SE1/4
of Section 30, T7S, R95wr 6th P.M'; THENCE in a southerly
direction to a point on the Garfield-lvlesa County Line in the
sw1/4 NW1/4 of section 18, T8S, R95w.
-1-
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SubjecttothegrantingoftheSpecialUsePermit,applied
forherein,Colorado-Utewillacquirepermissiontosurveythe
route.onceacenterlinehasbeenestablished,Colorado-Utewill
initiate negotiations to acquire the necessary easements' Not
until easements are obtained, and the randowners' concerns taken
intoaccount,cantheproposedlineroutebedescribedinamore
exact manner.
-2-
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EXHIBIT B
PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS
TheRifle-SanJuan345.kvTransmissionLinegenerallywillbe
hungfromsteel,Iattice-typestructures.Thetowerswillbe
approximatelyl30feethighandwi}Ibespacedapproximatetyl,200
feetapart(fourtofivestructurespermile).SouthoftheGrand
JunctionSubstation,thelineconductorswillbehunginahori.
zontalplane,sothelinewilllookidenticaltotheexisting
WesternAreaPowerAdministrationRifte-Curecanti-Shiprock230-kv
Line.TheSpecifictowerdesignhasnotbeenfinallzedforthe
SegmentofthelinebetweenRifleandGrandJunction,althoughit
generallywillbeanopenlatticestructuretype.Aesthetically
pleasingsteelsingle-polestructureswitlbeconsideredinareas
wherevisualimpactsareofconcern.Thestructureswillhavea
non-glarecoatingtoreducereflection.Thisnon-glarecoating
witr generarty be brown or grey, depending on what blends best with
the vegetation and terrain
Theminimumright.of-waywidthrequiredfortheproposedline
isl50feet.Upto3o0feetwillbeacquiredwhereprivateland-
ownersarewillingtogranteasementrightssufficienttoallow
constructionofaPossiblefutureline.onfederalland,Colo-
rado-UtewillapPlyfor150-lT5feetofright-of-way.However,
federalagencieswillbeinformedofthepossibleneedforan
additional,adjacentright-of-wayshouldasecondlineneedtobe
built in the future'
-3-
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nL-/
A. Steel
B. Steel
C. Stee1
Exhibit B
Poss'ible Tower Design
Artist's Sketches
Iattice, single circuit' horizontal conductors
lattice, single circuit' Delta cond'uctors
single PoIe, single circuit
-4-
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A
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B
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EXHIBIT C
LETTERS OF APPROVAL
Colorado-Ute wi11, upon being granted a Special Use
contact individual landowners for permission to survey'
surveyhasbeencompleted'andacenterlineestablished'
Colorado-Utewillinitiatenegotiationstoacquirethenecessary
easementsoverpublicandprivatelands.Insituationswhere
normalproceduresforacquiringeasementsareunsuccessfutrdDdno
otherreasonableoptionsexist,Colorado.Utehasthepowerof
eminentdomaintosecuretherequiredlandrights(CRS1973z
38-s- 1 05) .
Permit,
Once the
-5-
ProPosed
EXHIBIT D
REQUIREMENT 3
D'laP of VicinitY
of
345,000 VoIt niectric Transmission Line
-6-
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EXHIBIT E
REQUIREMENT 4
Impact and Mitigation Statement on the Proposed Use
5.03.07 Industrial OPerations
5.03.07 (1) Impact Statement
Location and ScoPe
Colorado-UteElectricAssociation,Inc.(Colorado.Ute),the
WesternAreaPowerAdministration(Western),andPublicservice
CompanyofColorado(PSCo)plantojointlyconstructandoperatea
single-circuit 345-kv transmission tine from Rifle' colorado to
san Juan, New lilexico. The line will originate at colorado-uters
RifleSubstationandproceedSouthinthevicinitiesofGrand
JunctionrDeltarlvlontroserNorwood'CotLez'andDurango'Itwill
terminate at the san Juan Generating station in northwest New
Ivlexico.Newtransformationandterminalfacilitieswillbe
constructed at the Grand Junction substation and Montrose switch-
yard.AnewsubstationwillbeconstructednearDurango.The
SegmentofthelinebetweenRifleandGrandJunctionwillbe
jointly owned by Colorado-Ute, PSCo, and western, with Colorado-Ute
andWesterneachpaying3Tl/2*ofthecost,andPSCotheremaining
25*.Colorado-UteandWesternwilldivideequallythecostand
capacity of the line from Grand Junction to san Juan' New t'lexico'
colorado-ute wiII obtain the necessary federal ' state ' and local
government permits for the Project'
-7-
r-t\- -/
Colorado-Ute proposes that the Garfietd County portion of the
proposed RifIe-San Juan 345-kv Transmission Line proceed southwest
from the Rifle Substation, follow the base of the foothilts just
northoftheWhiteRiverNationalForesttoapointonthe
Garfield-Mesa county Line some 6 miles south of Parachuter
colorado, and g miles northeast of De Beque, colorado. (see
Exhibit D.) This route was identified as the preferred route in
the supplemental Draft Environmental Impact statement recently
prepared by the Rural Electrification Administration' the Forest
Service, the Bureau of Land l,lanagement, and the Western Area Power
Administration, attached as Exhibit G'
The length of the Garfield county segment of the proposed
line would be approximately 20.6 miles. The easternmost 3'2 miles
would paralIeI the existing PSco wooden-poIe H-frame 230-kv line'
New transmission line corridor would be established for the remain-
inglT.4milesoftheline.Colorado-Uteisproposingthatthis
new corridor extend along the high mesas at the foot of Battlement
Mesa in order to avoid the high-use and agricultural areas in the
colorado River Valley and adjacent low mesas. Extensive oil and
gasexplorationactivityhasalreadyoccurredinthisarearso
existing access roads would be available for much of the proposed
transmission line corridor'
The line will cross no prime farmland, only 0.5 mile of
irrigated croplandr and 1.0 mile of nonittLgated cropland'
ApproximatelySmilesotmuledeerandelkcriticalwinterrange
and15milesofmr:ledeerfawningandelkcalvingareaswillbe
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crossed. Neither big game species is expected to be impacted'
however, because construction wiII be in the sunmer because of
weather conditions and these species migrate to higher elevations
during the summer. once the construcLion phase has finished no
impact on witdlife is anticipated. Since there is already an
extensive network of access roads which hunters and others can use '
hunting and recreational use should not significantly increase
because of the new access road for the transmission line' By
avoiding the colorado River floodplain, the proposed route avoids a
major bald eagle winter concentration area, and other types of
impact associated with construction in floodplains and wetlands '
Theproposedlinewillnotbevisuallyprominentfromany
majorhighwayinthecounty.Itwillbemostvisiblewhereit
ascends Grass l,lesa south Of the Rif Ie substation' once it has
reached the top of the mesas, it will be hidden from the valley
froor. corora,do-ute has, on several occasions, met with the
developers of the proposed Rifle Ski Area. Colorado-Ute will work
with the Rifle ski corporation to assure that the location and
design of the individual tower structures across the proposed ski
area results in a line which is aestheticalty acceptable'
Project Necessity and Benefits
colorado-ute, western, and PSCo believe that the Rifle-san
Juan345-kvTransmissionLineprojectisthemosteconomicand
environmentally sound alternative for meeting the electrical
transmission needs of Garfield County and the region' The project
will enable col0rado-ute and PSCo to transmit bulk electric energy
-9-
o
fromgeneratingstationsinthenorthwesternpartofthestateto
theRifleSubstationandtothosesubstationsfurthersouth.At
thesevarioussubstations'thevoltagewillbereduced'andthe
electricity carried to the towns, homes, offices, and businesses'
whichareservedbyColorado-Ute'smembercooperativesandby
psco. The line will also strengthen western's regional bulk trans-
missionsystemwhichServesl5centralandwesternstates.The
projectwillenableeachparticipanttomeettheseindividualneeds
byconstructingonelargesingle-circuitline,ratherthanmultiple
lines of less caPacitY'
Ivloredetaileddiscussionoftheneedfortheprojectisfound
inSection2oftheSupplementalDraftEnvironmentallmpactState-
ment (SDEIS) for the Project attached as Exhibit G' the prepared
TestimonyofFredKuhlemeierduringthePublicUtilitiesCommission
hearingsattachedaSExhibitlT,andthesummaryofthel9E3
Colorado-UteLoadForecaststudyattachedaSExhibitl.
Inadditiontoprovidingelectricalpower,theproposedRifle-
SanJuanLinewillprovideotherlong-termbenefitstothecitizens
ofGarfieldCounty.PropertytaxrevenuesforColorado.UteIs
portion of the Rifle-san Juan Transmission Line Project in Garfield
County are estimated at $100'OOO annually'
ConstructionoftheRifle-SanJuanLineisexpectedtobring
money into the Garfietd County economy' Contractor purchases
- 10-
tl
which are usually made lOcatly include fuel, cement, sand and
gravel, and miscellaneous hardware. In addition, it is expected
that the construction workers will spend a portion of their pay in
Iocal stores, restaurants, and other businesses' The estimated
construction payroll for the 21 mile Garfield county segment of the
Iine is $2.0 million.
Finallyitshouldbenotedthatthetransmissionline,as
contrasted with many other capital projects, wilI require neither
additional services, nor capital or maintenance dollars from l4esa
county, and the right-of-way will remain suitable for existing
USES.
Alternat ive s
col0rado-ute evaluated numerous alternatives for the proposed
project,includingnonstructural(management)alternatives,dif.
ferent types and sizes of transmission systems, different routes
for the 1ine, and various types of structure designs (see Exhibit
G, Supplemental Draft Environmental Impact statement, pp' 3-1 to
3-71).
The nonstructural alternatives, such as no action ' energy
conservation,Ioadmanagement,andpurchaseofpowerfromother
utilities, simply did not satisfy colorado-ute, western, and
pscots transmission line needs. The possibitity of constructing
various sizes and types of transmission facilities was also
considered and the single-circuit 345-kv transmission line was
-11-
chosen as the most effective and environmentally sound (see
Exhibit G, SDEIS, PP' 3-18 to 3-27\'
Variousroutesrotcorridors'inwesternColoradowere
evaluated, as well as potential locations for substations.
Analyses of the subsLations and route alternatives is presented in
theSDEISrPP.32-29to3-Tl.oneoftheproject|smainpurposes
is to serve pscors loads in the Grand valley and Grand Junction
areas.Thisrinturnrrequiresthetinetobelocatedinthe
Colorado River VaIIey area' Those segments or corridor
alternatives which are located wholty or partially in Garfield
CountyarediscussedintheSDEIS,PP.3-46to3-53.Discussionof
the Grand Junction substation is presented in the sDErs' PP' 3-31
to 3-32.
Colorado-Uteinvestigatedseveralalternativecorridors
between the RifIe substation and the Grand Junction substation'
The alternatives are compared briefly in section 3'7'2'1 and Sec-
tion 5 of the SDEIS. Four corridors generally along the colorado
RiverValleywereevaluated.Colorado-Utebelievesthatthepro-
posed corridor would have the least impact on Garfield county resi-
dents.Locatedonthemesassouthofthevalley,itcrossesthe
leastamountdevelopedandagriculturalland,anditgenerally
remainshiddenfromthemajorareasofactivityinthevalley.
Alt,houghthisroutewouldcrosssomemuledeerandelkcritical
winterrangeandmuledeerfawningandelkcalvingareas,itwould
not cross appreciably more than the other alternatives' It would
-12-
crosspropertiestobedevelopedaSpartoftheRifleSkiArea.In
this area, colorado-ute will work with the developers to assure
that the line is located so that it is compatible with the proposed
developmenti colorado-ute wiIl also use special tower structures
designed for areas where visual impact is of utmost importance'
colorado-uLe also investigated other corridors, one of which
is north of the colorado River. This corridor crosses the river
about 5 miles west of Rifle and parallels Interstate 70 to
De Beque. Because the terrain west of De Beque iS rough ' and is
part of two Bureau of Land lvlanagement wilderness study Areas' the
corridor must cross back to the south side of the river just east
of De Beque. A line IOCated on this corridor would have to cross
both Interstate 7o and the col0rado River twice' It would be a
very prominent visual feature on the north side of Interstate 70
from Rifle to De Beque. It would also be a visual distraction
where it would cross the Colorado River near Rifle' and again near
De Beque. Although no prime farmland would be crossed' these river
crossings would involve over '16 miles of agricultural lands (some
in l,tesa county). This corridor would also have more impact on
developed land near Rifle, Parachute, and De Beque than colorado-
Uters ProPosed alternative'
AthirdalternativeinvestigatedbyColorado-Utewasto
parallel the Psco 230-kv line through Garfietd County' A line in
this corridor would crosS more agricultural land and developed land
than any of the other alternatives. It would be quite visible from
-13-
major viewing points and would have to pass through the middle of
the Town of Battlement lvlesa'
A fourth arternative was to generarly pararler the Public
service 230-kv 1ine, but to avoid going through Battlement l"lesa'
This route would bypass much of the agricuttural land east Of
Battlement Ivlesa by staying on the higher mesas (same location as
Colorado-ute's proposed corridor)' However' west of Battlement
Mesa lt would rejoin and parallet the Psco 230-kv line' resulting
inconsiderableimpacttoagriculturalusesnearDeBequeand
remaining highlY visible'
colorado-ute's proposed alternative was developed in response
to the deficiencies noted in the other alternatives' This route
remains hidden from view for virtuarry its entire length in
Garfield county, avoids nearly all developed and important
agricultural lands, avoids major river and highway crossings, and
generally does not have any major drawbacks'
Des ign
Artist,s sketches for the standard support Structures to be
used on the proposed 345-kv line are included in Exhibit B' Ivlost
of the line will utilize lattice steel towers' Single poles may be
used where crossing the Rifte ski Area properties'
No expansion of the Rifle substation will be necessary' The
line will exit the 345-kv section of the substation at its west
-14-
o
edgeandproceedwestforaboutl/4nile,atwhichpointitwill
turn south and ascend Grass Ivlesa. The specif ic location of the
line in this area cannot be determined until survey and design work
is complete. The layout of the Rifle substation and approximate
locationoftheproposedlineispresentedinExhibitD.
Theproposed345-kvRifle-SanJuanTransmissionLineis
required to be in service by 1986' In order to meet this
in-service date, Colorado-Ute estimates the following development
schedule for the Rif1e-San Juan 345-kv line:
Public Utilities Commission Certificate
of PubIic Convenience and Necessity
Rural Electrification Administration
Record of Decision
County Permits
Bureau of Land Management Right-of-Way
Approval
Forest Service SPecial Use Permit
Begin Construction
End Construction
August 1 983
Construction and Maintenance
October 1 983
December 1 983
JanuarY 1984
JanuarY 1 984
1 984
1986
follows a
road construction,
Construction of a transmission Iine normally
sequence of right-of-way preparation and access
Prpject Schedule
-15-
o
foundation installation, material delivery, tower assembly, tower
erection, conductor and shield wire stringing, tensioning, tower
grounding, and site restoration. Prior to actual construction
extensive aerial photography and on-the-ground survey work must be
completed.
Thecontractortypicallydivideshisworkforceintosmall
units, each involved with a different construction activity' one
unit of the construction crew will be involved with preparing the
right-of-wayrdevelopingaccess,andputtingingateswhereneces-
Sary.Asecondconstructionunitwillfollowtoinstallthe
foundations. This involves augering or blasting holes for the
structure foundations and filling them with concrete or earth
backfill. The next task is material delivery and steel layout'
Largeandbulkymaterialswillbedeliveredbyrailtorailheads
and then delivered by conventional vehicles to each site' staging
areas for temporary materiat and equipment storage will be located
approximately 10 miles apart along the transmission line' It is
expected that the support structures (towers) wilI be partially
assembled at the sites. In general, flat-bed trucks will be used
to haul the structural steel needed fOr the towers to the site
areas, where small cranes wiIl UnIOad the Structure components'
An assembly crane wilt probably be used to help assemble portions
of the steel structures. Another construction unit will then
- 16-
erect the tower structures onto the foundations using a setting
crane.
After the structures are in p1ace, insulator assemblies will
be hung on the structures and the conductors wilt be strung' This
is done by pulling a rope through the travelers located on each
tower. Next, a steel cable (hard line) is pulled back through by
the rope. Finally, the conductor is pulled in by the hard line'
A tensioner is used to keep tension on the conductor after it
comes off the conductor reel and a conductor puller is used on the
other end to pul1 the conduetor through. A cripping crew will sag
the conductors and complete the conductor attachments at each
structure rocation. Another unit wirr ground the towers. The
technique of grounding depends on the specific conditions at each
towersite,includingsoiltypeandtypicalmoisturecontent.
Typically a rod is driven into the ground and connected by wire to
the tower.
A construction cleanup unit will follow the construction
units, removing al-I waste and scrap materials from the right-of-
way and disposing of them in designated landfills according to
local regulations. After construction is complete, a revegetation
contractor will reseed the right-of-way and return it to its
preconstruction vegetation condition'
-17 -
o
Construction Schedule and Workforce
Itisplannedthatthemajorityofthesurveyingand
engineeringdesignworkfortheNorthernSectionoftheline,
including Garf ield County, ,,i,-,. be completed this coming winter,
and that construction will begin in the Spring of 1984'
Colorado.UtewiltnotconstructtheRifle-SanJuan345-kv
linewithitsownemployees,butratherwillhireconstruction
contractorstoperformthework.TheSpecificnumberofworkers,
their union or nonunion status, and other characteristics wilr be
the decision of the construction contractor' For this application'
Colorado-Utehasmadecertainassumptionsandestimatesofthe
workforce characteristics in order to evaluate various potential
socioeconomic impacts. These estimates should not be considered
firmcommitmentsonthepartofeitherColorado-Uteorthe
construction contractor; rather they are the best estimates
Colorado-Ute can make, given the information currently available.
TheestimatedscheduleisbasedonthefollowingaSsump-
tions:
Approximately 21 miles of line would be
constructed in Garfield CountY'
Construction would take place 6 days per week' or 26
days Per month, on the average'
Construction activities woutd be overlapped as much
as possible to reduce the total project duration'
1.
2.
3.
-18-
Using these assumptions, Colorado-Ute estimates that the construc-
tion contractor would adhere to the general schedule described in
Table 1 and Figure 1, in order to meet the deadLine for completion
of the entire line. The maximum number of workers in Garfield
county is expected to be about 115 for a period of 1 1/2 months'
For an additional 2 1/2 months, approximately 75 to 90 workers are
expected and, for 2 1/2 months, about 60 workers are anticipated'
Total construction time in I'lesa County is estimated to be about
6 1/2 months, with an additional two months for revegetation actl-
vities. Construction could be broken into two construction seasons
or could be continuous, depending on weather. Revegetation depends
on suitable weather conditionsr so those activities may not follow
directly after the completion of construction'
The types of workers to be employed are broken down into four
different categories: groundmen, linemen, equipment operators,
and administrative personnel. The estimated breakdown according
to construction activity is shown in Table 2. The columns in
Table 2 are not totalled because many of the later activities will
be performed by the same workers as the earlier activities ' The
best estimate of the total number of workers at any one time is
provided in Figure 1.
Colorado-Ute contacted the
obtain an estimate of the number
western Colorado who have skills
local electrical workers' union to
of workers PresentlY residing in
relevant to the construction of
- 19-
TABLE 'I
Rifle-San Juan 345-kv Line
Estimated Workforce and Construction DurationGarfield County
Average Number
of WorkersAct ivity
ROW Clearing & Access Construction
Foundat ion Construct ion
Structure Assembly
Structure Erection
Conductor Stringing
Construction Cleanup
Administration & Ivlaterials Control
Revegetation
10
40
40
20
45
3
10
5
Average
Duration
(months )
1.0
4.0
3.0
3.0
2.0
3.5
6.s
1.5
-20-
TABLE 2
Rifle-San Juan 345-kv Line
estimiied Workforce Composition
Garfield CountY
EquiPment
Groundmen Linemen OPeratorsAct ivitY
ROW Clearing &
Access Construction
Foundation Construction
Structure AssemblY
Structure Erection
Conductor Stringing
Construction CIeanuP
Administration &
llaterials Control
Revegetation
*A11 administrative or
3
supervisorY
20
10
25
personnel -
TotaI
Workers
10
40
40
20
45
3
10*
5
5
20
10
10
2
5
20
10
10
10
1
2
-21-
FIGURE 1 o
RIFLE.SAN JUAN 345 KV TRANSMISSION LINE
ESTIMATED CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
GARFIELD COUNTY
o
MONTH
ACTIVITY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B o 10 11
ROW CLEARING &
ACCESS COhISTRUCTIOt{
FOUNDATION
CONSTRUCTION
STRUCTURE ASSEMBLY
STRUCTURE ERECTION
CONDUCTOR STRINGING
CONSTRUCTION CLEANUP
ADMlNISTRATION &
MATERIALS CONTROL
REVEGETATION
(10)
(40)
(5)
(40)
irol
ElE
(3)
tabl
(1 0)
rorAl wongns -l 60 I so I go I rrs lzsfiral 7a lsel 5' l_ ' I
NOTE: Estimated number of workers by activity in parentheses'
aa
the line. Approximatety 45 Iinemen, 20 equipment operaLors' and
40 groundmen in western Colorado belong to the local union' Most
are presently employed, although many work on construction
projects and the status of their employment and availability in
1984-86 is dif f icult to predict (Rick Baer, Business Ivlanager,
International Brotherhood of Electrical workers Local 969 ' Grand
Junction).
Constructionofthetransmissionlinewillrequireboth
experienced electrical construction workers and inexperienced
laborers. ivlost of the experienced electrical workers are assumed
to be nonlocal; where theSe experienced electrical workers come
fromwilldependtoalargedegreeonwhichcontractoris
selected. ivlost of the inexperienced raborers will be hired
locally, whether the contractor uSeS a union workforce or not. It
is simply more economical for the contractor to hire local workers
if they exist in the local labor force'
Colorado-Utethereforeexpeetsafairpercentageofthe
project workforce to come from western colorado' colorado-ute
witl work with either the union or the nonunion contractor to
assure that western col0rado residents are hired to the maximum
extent Possible.
-23-
ooerational Characteristics
The proposed 345-kv transmission Iine will transport bulk
electric energy from power plants to substations which serve
particular areas. At these substations, the voltage is reduced
and electricity is passed on to distribution substations' from
which much smaller lines carry eleCtriCity to towns, homes, and
businesses.
The line will be designed, constructed' operated' and
maintained to meet or exceed alt applicable standards of design and
performance set forth by the National Electric safety code (NESC) '
the Rural Electrification Administration (REA) Butletin 62-1, and
Rule 1 8 of the Public Utilities Commission of the State of
CoIorado.
Aerial maintenance inspection of the line will occur two to
three times per year. Twice a year ground inspections will be
performed by three to four workers. Inspection intervals will be
established So that routine maintenance would occur when the ground
is firm, dryr oE frozen. Aerial and ground maintenance inspection
of the Iine will include observations of soil erosion problems'
fallen timber, and conditions of the vegetation that require
attention, aS well as conditions of the conductors, support
structures, and other features associated with the mechanical and
electrical function of the line. If maintenance needs require
access to a sLructure, the appropriate landowner will be notified
as established in the easement agreements'
-24-
The operation of the proposed 345-kv transmission line will
have no water requirements. t'linimal quantities wilI be consumed
by construction workers, and may be required for certain
construction activities, such as dust suppression and cement
mixing.Also,theproposedlinewillhavenosignificant
long-term effects on the existing use of water through depretion
of surface run-off, stream f1ow, or groundwater'
Theproposedtransmislsonlinewillnotcrossanyriversor
majorStreamsinGarfieldCounty.Thel,2o0footspansbetween
tower structures wilt enable the numerous smaIl streams along the
proposed route to be crossed without placing the structures in or
near the streambeds.
Accessroadsthatcrossthestreamsmayhavetobebuiltin
order to construct the line. The contractor will be required to
adhere to the stream-protection measures specified withing the u's'
Army corps of Engineers Nationwide General Permit for utility Line
crossings. These measures are required to prevent increased
erosionandsedimentloadinginstreams.Theyspecifythat
existingaccessroadsbeusedwherepossible,thatstreamside
vegetation be left undisturbed, that fill materials not be placed
in streambeds or areas that drain direcLly into streams, and the
temporary or permanent culverts be used where necessary'
-25-
5.03.07( 1 ) (b) Effect on Adjacent Land
The proposed line will have no significant long-term effects
on adjacent land through generation of vapor, dust, smoke, noise,
glarer oE vibration. During construction of the line, dust will be
controlled to the degree possible by spraying with water, and by
randscaping and revegetation. vapor, dust, smoke, and noise will
also be controlled to the degree possible by assuring that the
contractor is using equipment which is in good repair and is
appropriate to the particular construction activity. The
contractor will also be required to plan carefully the number of
trips required to certain construction areas, to decrease erosion,
noise, and traffic.
Reflection from the structures will be reduced by the use of
non-glare finish on the structures, and by the use of non-glare
conductors.
Colorado-Ute recognizes that the construction activities
associated with this project could create a temporary nuisance to
adjacent landowners. Therefore, before construction activites
commence, Colorado-Ute will host a series of neighborhood meetings.
The various aspects of construction and mitigation wiIl be dis-
cussed. In addition, local citizens will be introduced to
Colorado-Ute representatives, who they may call with specific
requests, complaintst oy other information. Further information on
methods which Colorado-Ute will employ to minimize and/or mitigate
-26-
the effects or the line on adjacent tands may be found in Exhibit
F.
5.03.07( 1 ) (c) Effect on Wild1ife and DomesLic Animals
The proposed transmission line is expected to have no adverse
effect on wildlife or domestic animals. wildlife and domestic
animals will only occassionally graze directly under the conductors
in the area of highest electromagnetic fields. Studies which have
subjected animals to continual electromagnetic fields have shown
inconclusive results (See Exhibit J). Since the wildlife and
domestic animals crossing or grazing will not be exposed to
continual electromagnetic fields, they should experience no adverse
effects.
Greater concern has been expressed regarding the impact of
construction of the line and the provision of new access roads.
The proposed line will cross about 20 miles of mule deer and elk
critical winter range in Garfield County and also about 15.5 miles
of deer fawning and elk calving areas. Colorado-Ute proposes to
consult with the Colorado Division of wildlife to schedule con-
struction activities to avoid impact on these big game species to
the extent possibte. Due to weather constraints, construction of
the Garfield County portion of the line will probably not be
possible during the winter and spring months when these species
will be present. Colorado-Ute wiIl develop a site-specific access
road pIan, through consultation with the Garfield County Road
Supervisor, the affected landowners and land managers. This plan
-27 -
^'l
)
may include the closing of Colorado-Ute access roads after
construction, if necessdty, to prevent increased human disturbances
of wildlife herds. The large number of access roads already
existence in the vicinity of the proposed route, combined with the
option of ctosing off access roads built during construction, it is
not anticipated that any increased disturbance to local mule deer
and e1k herds will be noticed.
5.03 .07 (2) Traffic
In Garfield County most construetion related traffic will
extend southeast from the RifIe area, Since the inventory and
storage yard for construction activities is expected to be located
near Rifle. To minimize the number of miles of new access roads
required, Colorado-Ute will attempt to locate each tower structure
near an existing access road. Where access roads are not
available, new access roads will be required. However, Once
construction is completed, these new access roads can be left as
permanent access t ot can be closed off and promptly revegetated.
(See Exhibit F, Rehabilitation Plan.)
Colorado-Ute expects the overall effect upon both roads and
traffic patterns created by this project to be minimal when
compared to other industrial construction activities underway in
Garfield County. To assure this is the case, Colorado-Ute proposes
to develop a specific road access plan in conjunction with Mr.
-28-
eonard Bolby, Road supervisor of Garfield county, the affected
landowners, and land managers. The plan will detail exactly which
roads wiII be used for accessing each structure, what equipment can
be used on each road, and how much rehabilitation wilt be required'
It will also identify the staging areas to be used. colorado-ute
witl provide security against road damage, Lf required by Garfield
County.
5.03.07( 3) Safe Distances
The proposed Rifle-San Juan 345-kv Line will be designed and
constructed to meet or exceed at1 applicable standards of design
and performance set forth by the National Electric Safety Code
(NESC), the Rural Electrification (REA) BuIletin 62-1, and Rule 18
of the Public Utilities Commission of the State of Colorado.
The minimum right-of-way requirement of 1 50 feet will provide
sufficient distance between the proposed transmission line and
abutting properties. Vertical clearances, established by the
National Electric Safety Code, will also be maintained at railroad
and road crossings, including state and county roads. The proposed
Iine route witl avoid the Rifle Airport, landing strips, and other
navigational facilities within Garfield Countyr and wilI be in
compliance with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regula-
tions.
-29-
5.03.07(4) Additionat Information
This section is reserved for submission of response to addi-
tional information if requested by the County Commissioners'
5.03.07 ( 5 ) Rehabilitation
Colorado-Ute will utilize a rehabilitation plan similar to the
sample plan shown in Exhibit F, which is typical of the
rehabilitation plans required by the federal land managers ' A
similar plan will be used for rehabilitation of privately-owned
lands. The rehabititation plans will be part of the contract
documents for the Rifle-San Juan Transmission Line' After the
design of the line is complete and the access road plan finalized'
a site-specific rehabilitation plan will be developed in
consultation with the affected landowners and land managers. It
must be approved by them in advance of construction. The plan will
include required methods for preparing the soil for revegetation,
required seed mixtures, and required seed mixtures, and methods of
seeding. Colorado-Ute wiII monitor the work of the construction
contractor and revegetation contractor to confirm that appropriate
rehabilitation work has been completed.
Garfield County staff personnel may attend the preliminary
meetings with landowners and land mangers, during which the reha-
bilitation plan is reviewed. County personnel may also accompany
-30-
4.,o o
Colorado-Ute personnel during inspection
done by the construction contractor and
of the rehabilitation work
revegetation contractor.
s.03.08 Industrial Performance Standards
5.03.08( 1 ) Volume of Sound Generated
The audible noise from the proposed transmission line will
have two components a hum at frequencies of 120 hertz, and a
random cracking or hissing sound. When ambient sounds are
considered, it is anticipated that the sound generated by the
transmission tine wilt not be detectable to the human ear'
Exceptions in the form of a humming and crackling may occur in
wet, foggy weather; however, even these noises should not create an
noise annoyance beyond the right-of-way.
5.03.08(2) Vibration Generated
instruments, ground vibration due to the proposed
line will not be perceptible at any point on the
which the transmission line is located'
5.03.08(3) Emission of Smoke and Particulate Matter
The proposed 345-kv transmission line wilI be operated to
comply with all Federal, State, and county air quality laws,
regulations, and standards. No smoke or particulate matter will
be emitted, other than the small quantities of dust and vehicle
Without
transmission
property on
-31-
(J
nL./
exhaust created by construction activities. The operation of the
proposed line will result in no measurable effect on air quality'
Dust and exhaust fumes associated with construction of the
line will be controlled by spraying water on disturbed land
surfaces, by revegetation, and by minimLzing vehicle traffic to
and from the construction site as much as possible'
No heat, fumes t oy radiation will result from the operation
of the proposed transmission Iine. The tower structures,
insulators and hardware will be covered with brown or grey
non-Specular (non-glare) coating. AIso, to further reduce visual
impact, Colorado-Ute will route the proposed line to avoid the
skylighting of tower structures along hilltops and ridges.
Radio and television interference can occur in the immediate
vicinity of transmission lines. The Rifle-San Juan line wilI be
designed to provide satisfactory service (as defined by the Federal
Communication Commission) under fair weather conditions for all
residences 300 feet or farther from the line. Colorado-Ute will
work with all residents near the line experiencing radio or TV
interference to try to remedy the problem.
08(4) Emissions of Heat, Glare, Radiation and Fumes
-32-
r'!
\-,/
o
5.03.08(5) Storage Area, Salvage Yard, Sanitary Landfill and
Mineral Waste Disposal
The construction of the proposed Rifle-San Juan 345-kv Trans-
mission Line wiIl require large amounts of structural steel, wire
(both conductor and ground), and insulator assemblies. Colorado-
Ute expects that Space will be leased at a rail Spur in or near
Rifl-e for the storage of these materials. Since such a storage
yard would be located in a designated or zoned industrial area
rather than in a residentially zoned area, there should be minimal
if any adverse impacts.
Smaller staging areas will be required every 10-15 miles along
the right-of-way. However, the amount of material- stored will be
much smaller than those stored in the major storage yard; the
length of time that materials will be stored at staging areas will
also be much shorter. None of the staging areas will be located in
developed areas. As noted earlier in this application, the
specific locations of the staging areas will included in the road
access plan, to be jointly developed by Colorado-Ute, the land
owners, the Garfield County Road Supervisor and the federal land
managers. Further information regarding the disposal of
construction related debris, and site clean-up is included in
Exhibits F.
Colorado-Ute will require that the contractors store flam-
mable, ot explosive solids, or gases in accordance with accepted
standards and laws, and will comoly ful1y with the National Fire
Code.
-33-
o
Colorado-Ute wilI also require of the contractor, adherence
to a Fire Plan (see Exhibit F). This plan outlines the con-
tractor's responsibility for fire prevention and suppression
activities, and indentifies an attack procedure in the event of a
fire in the project area. It will apply to all contractors' sub-
contractors, and their emPloYees.
5.03.08(6) Water PoIIution
The operation and maintenance of the proposed electric
transmission line wilI not result in any groundwater pollution.
pollution of surface runoff, stream flow, or groundwater during the
construction phase will be minimized by construction disposal, and
revegetation activities outlined in the Landscape Ivlanagement PIan
(see Exhibit F).
Any percolation tests or
be required by local or state
operation of the facilities.
5.03.09 Uses not Itemized
groundwater resource tests which may
health officers, will be met before
The
capital
suitable
proposed transmission line,
projects, will be located on
for existing uses.
as contrasted with
right-of-way which
many other
will remain
34-
a
a
Exhibit E
Ie Portions of ical Construction S cifications
This exhibit contains the foLlowing relevant portions of a
typical Colorado-Ute Contract Document for a project of this type:
Part IV: Technical Specifications Construc"ion (Portions)
Part V: Fire Plan
Part VI: LandscaPe Plan
Part VfI: Landscape Management PIan
Part VIII: Rehabilitation PIan
These items are included in this appiication to indicate what require-
ments are made of the construction contractor regarding general con-
struction practj-ces, access road maintenance, fire.prevention,
landscape management, rehabilitation, etc. These items are for
informational p,rrpo="= onIy. The wording of the final contract
Document for the,Rif}e-San Juan 345-kv Transmission Line may vary
somewhat after contract negotiatj-ons are complete and site-specific
factors are taken into account.
PART IV
TECHNICAL SPECI FICATIONS
1.00 scoPE
2. OO DRAWINGS
3.OO ENVIRONMENTAL
- CONSTRUCTION
4. 00
5. 00
5. 00
7.00
8. 00
9.00
1 9.OO WOOD STRUCTURES
20.OO FRAMING ASSEMBLIES
SURVEYS
CONTRACTOR'S FUNCTION
CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE PROGRAI4 AND PROGRESS REPORTS
REQUIRED FACILITIES
RESTRICTIONS AND PERMITS
WORKING NEAR EXISTING UTILITIES
1 O. OO RIGHT-OF-WAY AND ACCESS
1 1 .OO ROAD CONSTRUCTION AND IIIAINTENANCE
12.00 VEGETATION AND TREE CLEARING
13.00 MARSHALLING AREAS AND PARKING AREAS
14.00 GROUND OF FENCES
15.00 USE OF EXPLOSIVES
1 6. OO FIREARMS
17.00 CONSTRUCTION CREATED DEBRIS
.I 8.OO EXCAVATIONS
\t ,r
)l
21 . OO ANCHORS
22.00 GUYS
23.00 FOUNDATIONS
24.00 FORMING AND BRACING
25.00 REINFORCING
26.00 CONCRETE PROPER,TIES
27 .OO CONCRETE I'{ATERIALS
28.00 SELECTION OF CONCRETE MIX PROPORTIONS
29.00 BATCHING, MIXING, AND DELIVERY OF CONCRETE
30.OO ADDITION OF WATER AT DELIVERY SITE
31.00 HOT OR COLD WEATHER CONCRETING
32.00 CONCRETE PLACEMENT
33.00 TESTING AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
34.00 APPLICATION OF LOAD TO FOUNDATTON
. 35.00 ROCK ANCHORS
35.00 EARTH GRILLAGE ANCHORS
37.00 BELOW GRADE STEEL COATINGS
38.00 STEEL LATTICE STRUCTURE ASSE},IBLY
39.00 STEEL LATTICE STRUCTURE ERECTION
40.OO STEEL POLE ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION
41.00 REPAIR OF STRUCTURE SURFACE DAMAGE
42.00 STRUCTURE GROUNDING
43. OO I.IAGNESIUM ANODES
o
ta
44.00 INSULATOR AND HARDWARE ASSEMBLIES
45.00 SELF-DAMPING CONDUCTOR AND SHIELDWIRE
46.00 INSTALLATION OF PULLING SLEEVES
47.00 INSTALLATION OF COMEALONGS
48.00 WIRE STRTNGING EQUIPMENT
49.00 LOCATION OF STRINGING EQUIPMENT AND GUARD STRUCTURES
50.OO DEADENDING OR GUYING OF COND. DURING CONSTRUCTION
51.00 SAGGING OF CONDUCTOR AND OVERHEAD GROUNDWIRE
52.00 INSTALLABION OF COMPRESSION ACCESSORIES
53.OO VIBRATION DAI'IPERS
54.00 COUNTERPOISE
55.00 DANGER SIGNS
56.00 AERIAL PATROL MARKING
57.00 RETURN OF OFM
I** i 58.00 FINAr CLEAN-UP I
59.00 RELEASE
I
o o
PART Iv
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS - CONSTRUCTION
.00 scoPE
1.01
1 .02
2 .0?
The Contractor shal1 furnish aIl material other than Owner
furnished material Iisted on page(s) 1 1 a 12 herein, labor,
services, supervision, construction equipment
transportation, tools, and all misceilaneous
required to construct the
-kv transmi ssion
ne and make said 1
,
expense s
ready for commercial operation at
and construction periods definedspecifications.
line hereafter to beine available and
-kv by the scheoule
and as per thesehffi
This Specification is written in addition to and not in lieuof "Part 1 - Specifications for Construction" contained on
pages :l-3 herein. where this Specif ication dif fers from oris more strj.ngent than Part 1, this Specification shall
govern.
2.OO DRAWINGS
2.01 The attached drawings show the various types of structuresto be constructed in the line, and details of the various
component parts and accessories and by reference herein are
made a part of this specification.
A complete Plan and Profile of the line showing exact struc-ture locations and other pertinent features of the route isalso attached as part of Appendix f and made a part hereof.
2.03 A complete set of Plan and Right-of-Way maps notins land
ownerships and available access to the line is attached aspart of Appendi x I and made a part hereof. A book ofright-of-way and access easements and special use permits
from governmental agencies having jurisdiction wiIl beprovided prior to the Notice to Proceed to the Contractor.
3.00
3.01
ENVIRONMENTAL
To minimize the impact of the proposed construction on the
environment, the applicable provisions of the joint U. S.
Department of Interior and the U. S. Department of Aericul-ture publication entitled "Environmental Criteria for EIec-tric Transmission System" shaIl be fo1lowed.
The Contractor shall perform his work in such a manner as F.o
maximize preservaEion of beauty and conservation of naturalresources and minimize marring and scarring of the land-
scape and silting of streams.
o
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.0s
' 4.00
4. 01
4 .02
4.03
4.04
4.05
Included with these Contract Documents are the following
plans approved by the land management agencies to assist in
Lompliante efforts during line construction:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Landscape PIan
Landscape t*{anaqement PIan
Fire Plan
Rehabilitation Plan
Part
Part
Part
Part
If in his operations, the Contractor discovers any historic
or prehistoric ruin, monument or siter oE any object of an-
tlquity subject to the Antiquities Act of June 8,1906 (34
stit. lzSr 15 u.S.C. secs. 431-433) and 43 c.F.R., Part 3,
the Contractor shall imrnediateiy suspend aII activities in
the area, Ieave the discovery intact and the discovery shall
immediately be reported to the Engineer. Work sha]l not be
proceeded in the lrea until it is authorized by the Engi-
neer.
Title to any relics, artifacts, fossils or other items of
historical or archaeological value is expressly reserved by
the Iandowner or governmental agenc:, having jurisdiction.
SURVEYS
The Owner will Set centerline stakes for all structures and
bisector stakes witl be provided at angle structures.
The Contractor shall set aII additional stakes necessary to
accurately Iocate poIes, foundations and anchors, and sha1l
maintain all stakes set by the Owner dt the Contractorrs
exPense.
Guy anchors shall be located in accordance with the
driwings and specifications. The Contractor shalI fill in
copies of the as-buiIt staking sheets (see drawings). Any
errors, misalignmentS or mislocations of IuyS & ancttors
sha1I be corrected by t,he Contactor at his exPense and
approved by the Engineer.
The Engineer may also set reference stakes at each structure
locatlon. These reference stakes are Provided solely for
the use of the Owner and the Engineer. The Contractor shaIl
not be relieved of his responsibility for correct location
of i structures and guys in the event any such reference
stakes are destroyed, mislocated r oE used erroneously-
The Contractor sha1l take reasonable precautions to Protectin place, aII public land survey monumenEs, private property
corners, and Forest boundary markers. In the event that
such land markers or monuments are destroyed or disturbed,
by the Contractor, the Contractor shall at his expense see
that they are re-established or referenced in accordance
with (1) the procedures ou'"1ined in the Manual of
Instructions for the United Stat€S, " (2) the specifications
**
r-tL-/nL-/
9.05 A11 clearance orders sha1l be scheduled in advance. System
requiremenLs wiIl dictate when Line Clearances and their
duration are aIlowed. The Contractor shal1 bear all costs
reguired to accomodate r-hese Line Clearances and pro-
cedures.
RIGHT-OF-WAY AND ACCESS
The line is located on a right-of-way (ROW) easement
feet in wiCth. The Contracior shall limit his constiTc n
accivities to this right-of-way, and shall use only the
access routes shown on the Plan and Rieht-of-Way maps for
travel on the ROI^I. The Contractor shall limit his access to
and from the ROW to the access routes identified on the Flan
and Right-of-Way maps.
The Contractor shal1 be responsible for maintaining existinggates, fences, and access roads in as good condition as
present at the commencement of construction. A11 such
maintenance sha11 be at the Contractor's expense.
The Con',-raetor shal1 be reimbursed f or all new gates orculverts installed at the reguest of the Engineer and/or as
shown on the drawings i.n accordance with unie prices quoted
herei n.
At the conclusion of construction on each riqht-of-wayparcel, the Contractor, shal1 settle all crop and property
damages with the landowner and/or tenant. A1I ruts andscars shall be loosened and leveled in a manner suitable tothe Property Owner. In addition, the Contractor shal1
obtain a signed Damage Release on Form No. 430 containedherein from every landowner or tenant. These Damage
Releases shall be presented to the Owner as soon as settle-
ment has been made and before release of anv retention
moni es .
Where fences must be cut for gate installation or other
construction activities, prior to cutting, brace posts sha1lbe installed and wires attached thereto, in order to main-tain adjacent wire tension. Said braces are part of thegate installat ion unit.
1 0.00
10.01
'l 0.02
10.03
'r 0.04
10.05
10.06
1 0.07
Where a fence is damaged during wire
repaired immediately.
The Contractor shall be responsible
and all damage claims for loss of or
crops resultinq from the Contractor'
and secure gates and/or fences.
stringing, it shaIl be
for the expense of any
damage to livestock ors failure to maintain
10.08 Gates where required, shall be installed in accordance with
the drawings, and shall be rnaintained in good working order.
A11 new or existing Gates sifell__temain closeo and locked at
10.09 Locks sha1l be provided by the Contractor, and keys shall be
provided to the Engineer until the line is turned over ano
iccepted by the Owner, at which time, all Contractor's locks
shall be removed.
1 1 .00
11.01
11.02
'l 1 .03
R,OAD CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE
Notice of the start of road eonstruction or upgrading sha1l
be given to the appropriate governmental agencies through
the Engineer at least 48 hours in advance of scheduled
construction.
The Ccntractor shal1 only construct those aceess roads shown
on the Pian and Right-of-way Maps and ioentified as New
Access to be constructed. See Site Specific Table in the
IffiEape Management Plan.
The Contractor shal1 only upgrade those aceess roads shown
on rhe Plan and Right-of-way tlaps and identi!i"a as_Existing
Access Roads to be Upgraded. See Site Specific Table in
an'
1 1 .04 AcceSS routes identified as Overland or Existing Roads Not
to be upgraded are not to bej ed b@
ffie ic and are not to be upgraded or altered
without approval of the Engineer and the appropraite land
owner, tenant or land managemenE agency. Any subsequent
approved upgrading of -overland or Exrstine Road Not to be
uibraded s-irarI be at tEffiacto
.05 All aecess routes witl be located on the qround with survey
flagging by the Engineer only after he receives approval
from the appropriate land owner, tenant, ot land management
agency. AIl new or upgrade access road construction shall
be strictly in accordance with the drawings and
speci f i cat ions .
. 05 Roads sha1l not be constructed in forested areas prior to
the clearing and removal of trees as designated and approved
by the Engineer. Trees shall not be pushed over and uProot-
ed with a bulldozer or similar heavy equipment.
.07 New roads shal1 be constructed by cutting and filling the
natural material of the area. The construction may also
require side hiIl cuts as shown in the drawings. The
finished road contruction dimensions sha11 be within a six
inch tolerance of the cross section shown ir': the drawings.
1 1.08 The fill section of the road sha1I be compacted in one foot
layers with suitable heavy consiruction equipment. Trees,
brlnches, brush, or other refuse, sha1l not be placed in the
11
11
11
1 ',t .09
11.10
11.11
11.12
12.00
12.01
12 .02
filI. A11 stumps and h,cody material larger than 6" in
diameter excavated in road building and r-ower siteconstruction shall be hauled to a designated site and buriedor hauled to an approved eountv Iandfir1. A1l such requiredhauling of woody materiar shall be considered incruded inthe access road construction unit.
A11 new or upgraded roads sha11 be maintained, drained, andwater barred to hord erosion to a minimum. The finishedroad sharr be graded smooth and maintained free of ruts andsink ho1es, untii completion of transmission lineconstruction. continuous maintenance of roads sharr berequired under all weather conditions and aI1 suchmaintenanee shall be at the Contractor's expense.
Cuts shalI be no steeperno steeper than 1 :1 .5 (Vstruction and upgradinq
than 1:2 (V:H) and fi11s shall be':H) slope for both new road con-of exi st ing roads.
Temporary benching of crane landings, foundation locations,and structure assembly areas sharl only be done as specifiedin !n: fite Specific Landscape ManasemEnt p1an. Any suehactivities shall be done so as to minimize surfacedisturbance and erosion.
Culverts, temporary or permanent, shalI be installed atthose locations and in sizes as identified on the plan andRight-of-way maps and as per the drawings and specificationscontained herein.
VEGETAIION AND TREE CLEARING
t^Ihere vegetative cover must be cleared for approved wirestringing, access, tower sitesr oE crane padl, the sod sharlnot be broken unless steep terrain requires sidehilr cuts.where sagebrush and mountaln browse vegetative types arecleared for temporary access or tovrer sites, ,'bruih brades"rather than "dirt blades" shall be used on dozers. Machineclearing.(bulldozing) shall not be done on sropes whichexceed 35t.
A11 commercial timber to be cleared for the right-of-waysha11 be ferred and limbed by power saw eguipment and hauledto the nearest access road and decked. Arl such deckedcommercial timber shall remain the property of thelandowner, private or public, who sharr be responsibre forany subsequent security or removar from the project of saidtimber.
commerciar timber shall be ali that felled tirnber having aminimum diameter of 12" within those areas designateocommercial crearing zones on the pran and Right-of-way
maps.
12.03
nl\- -,1
12.04
12.05
12 .06,
12.07
1 3. 00
13.01
13 .02
13.03
13.04
1 3.05
1 4.00
14.01
Commercial Clearing Zones wilI be designated by the govern-
mental agency having jurisdiction and shaIl be only those
areas having adequate access t-o allow conventional logqing
operaticns. Other requirement-s concerning erosion control
and mitigation of environmental impact sha11 not be
compromised in areas designated as Commercial Clearing
Zones.
In areas with no access allowing ground removal of timber
all trees felled shall be limbed and bucked into 4 foot
seetions anC shal1 be left so the whole length is in contactwith the ground.
A11 necessary
stubbie higher
AII necessaryhigher than 12
and approved brush clearing sha11 leave nothan 5 inches above oroundline.
and approved tree eutting shali leave no stump
inches above groundiine.
MARSHALLING AREAS AND PARKING AREAS
The Contractor shall avoid the use of lancs managed by
governmental agencies for marshalling and parking areas. Ifthis is not possibLer wEitten permission nust be receivedfrom the appropriate agency ano a copy given to the
Eng i nee r.
The Contractor shal1 negotiate and lease any lands reguiredfor marshalling and storage areas from private land ownersat his expense.
At the completion of construction activiii.es, the area shaIl
be cleaned up, reshaped if necessary, scarified, and pre-
pared for reseeding in aceordance with the Rehabilitation
PIan contained herein.
A11 marshalling and parking areas sha11 be considere<isubject to the specifications contained herein.
No parking of personnel vehicles shalI be allowed on Ehe
ROW.
GROUNDING OF FENCES
Fences that have metal posts are adequately grounded.
Fences that are on wood or concrete posts and cross thetransmission right-of-way at right or oblique angles shal1be grounded at each edge of the right-of-way. Pences on
wood or concrete posts within 75 feet of the centerline ofthe right-of-way shall be grounded every 1/4 mile as shownin "Details for Grounding Non-Electric Fences". Flqure 2.
On f ences less r.han 1/4 mi 1e in length two f ence groundsshall be installed.
14.02
ao
Electric fences which are located as described above, sharlbe gounded as specified above, except that the method ofgrounding shall be modified as shown in the drawings of"Details for Grounding Electric Fences."
17.00 CONSTRUCTION CREATED DEBRIS
14'03 Grounding posts shal1 be driven to a depth of not less than3 feet. A11 t'he fence wires sha11 be fastened secureLy tothe grounding posts by.the tongues provided on the po"ir, byu-bort 9]u*p?r_ oE by wire ciip!. A1r merallic fence gates 'within the right-of-vray sha11 be electricaiiy bonded to Ehefences.
1 5. OO USE OF EXPLOSIVES
15'01 Explosives shall not be used without the notifieation of theEngineer. rhe contractor sha1l notify inhabiiants of nearbydwellings or other persons in the vicinity in-advance of theuse of-any explosives and sha11 post outguards. Notifica_t ion "f . .tt9. Engineer does not r"i i",r" the contractor ofresponsibility for damages resulting from the-use of explo-sives.
15'02 All-explosive and flammable materials necessary for theperformance of the work sha11 be transpoiaa;;-stored, andhandled. in compliance with arl applica-u1e raws andregulations. Storage of expJ.osives at the work site willnot be permitted unless a watchman is preseni-at aLl times.
15.03 Exprosives and exploding caps to be used at the work siteshall be transported ana st6red in separate, substantiarcontainers prainly marked,'Dangerous ixplosives".
15'04 The method of storing and handling explosives and flammabrematerials shal1 conform to recommended procedures containedi n the "Br- ast ers Handbook,' pubr i shed by E . r . Dupont deNemours & Company, and in ait federal, state and local lawsand regulat ions.
15'05 All use of explosives shalr arso be in compliance with thethe Fire p1an.
1 5. OO FIREARMS
6.01 There shall be no firearms on this project. Any personnelobserved with firearms of any kind on the project site willbe subject to imrnediate removal from the project as perArticle ff, Section 6, paragraph (b).
17.01 A11 constructicn created debris and/or refuse (for example:empty ree1s, wi.re scraps, crates, packaginq, lunch Uags, popcansr oiI cans, oir rags, etc.) shall be removed from theproject within the same work day interval-in-rni"n saiddebris and/or refuse is created: rt sharl be burned at anapproved disposal site or hauled to a county- approvedrefuse dump.
o
ONS1 8. OO EXCAVATI
18.01 On the public land areas of the right-of-way t.he top soil
shal1 be strlpped from each excavation and deposited in
storage piles apart from other excavated macerial-. After
the footings, poles and anchors have been installed and the
area has been trimmed and smoot.hed as required, the stored
top soil sha1I be evenly spread over the exposed subsoil to
the extent that may be practicable. Any remaining subsoil
shaI1 be removed from the area and properly disposed of.
The area wiII be revegetated by the. Owner.
In cultivated areas, if in the opinion of the Enqineer,
onsite disposal of subsoil will cause undue harm to the
surrounding topsoil. The subsoil removed frcm the
excavation shalI be removed from the right-of-way and
disposed of by the Contractor.
In uncultivated areas other than public land areas soil from
the excavation may be spread along the riEht-of-way.
Any expense to the Contractor for the required disposal of
subsoils shal1 be included in the applicabLe Construction
Un.it (i.e. foundation, pole or anchor units).
The Contractor sha11 not Ieave any excavation unattendedwithout first coverr.ng so as to protect pedestrians andlivestock from injury.
Equipment for drilled pier foundations sha11 be rotary,
power driven, bucket or auger type drilling rigs capable of
excavating to a depth of 50 feet. A drilling rig capable of
applylng a minimum down pressure of 201000 pounds and a
minimum torque of 50,000 foot pounds with a chopping bucketor cutting bits may be required to excavate the hard stratumthat wiII be encountered.
18.02
18.03
18.04
18.05
18.05
18.07 Where drilling thru sand or other material that cause cavingto take place such that the hole cannot be maintained,sidewall stabilization shall be accomplished by the use of abentonite slurry or equivalent material. Deep casing of thehole will not be permitted. When a shallow casing isrequired to stabilize the top feet of soil, such casingshall be turned and pushed into undisturbed soil and shal1be left in place permanently.
18.08 Foundation work sha11 be performed only in the presence ofthe Engineer. The Engineer wiIl examine each foundationduring excavation and at times the Engineer wiIl substitutea different size caisson for the one shown on the StructureList. The Contractor shal1 maintain a supply of extrareinforcing in order to accomodate these adjustments. TheContractor in all cases shall be paid for the foundationactuallv installed.
**
57.0,l.
5'7.02
57.03
57.00 RETURN OF OWNER FURNISHED MATERIAL
At the completion of the work, the Owner will accePt the
return from the Contractor of any full reeis of undamaged
conductor or overhead gror:ndwire and up to 3 reels with 500
feet or more of conduc'.or in one piece on them provided that
the conductor is undamaged and on the original reel ano was
Owner Furnished Material.
The Owner will aiso accept the return of any complete and
assembleC Owner Furnished Material unit-s. Partial, dis-
assembled, damaged cr otherwise altered units will not be
accept ed .
57.04
Material to be returned wili be hauleo to the Ownerrs
designated storage area, unloaded, and neatly stacked onpallets or properly blocked. The Contractor shall notifythe Owner 48 hours prior to returning material. The Ownerwill provide a representative to check the material andinventory list after proper notification. The Owner willprovide a signed "Return of l"laterial Receipt" t.o the
Contractor denoting what material has been returned.
The conductor is on returnable reels rvhi.ch t.he Owner fur-
nishes to the Contractor along with the conductor. The
empty reels sha1l be returned by the Contractor to the wire
manufacturer fcr return of lhe reel deposit to the Owner.
The reel lagging sha1l be properly disposed of by t,he Con-tractor. The Contractor will be credited for returned reeLs
upon receipt of shipping notice, receipt of wire manufac-turerrs receiving notice, and undamaged report.
Credit for returned Owner Furnished Material wiIl be given
on the Closeout Documents.
57.05
58.00
58.01
FINAL CLEAN-UP
At the completion of his work as specified herein, the
Contractor shall ciean up the line ano its route to Ehe
complete satisfaction of the Engineer. A11 ree1s, crates
and other packing material shall be picked up and disposed.
Any of this naterial which contains nails, staples, bandingstrap, wire, etc., sha1l not be left on the right-of-way.
A11 scraps of conductor, shield wire, ground wire, 9uy wire
and any other excess materiai sha1l be removed from theproperty of the Owner, from the riqht-of-way and fromstorage areas. Road ditches or other drainage ways shaIl be
cleared and roadways repaired. When leveling nails have
been used in the po1es, the Contractor sha11 be sure thatall are removed from the structures. Burnino on theRight-of-way is prchibited.
**
**58.02
5t.03
58.04
All vraste material shall be disposed of in accordance with
Landscape Pian, POLLUTION CONTROL.
AlI exist ing improvements af f ected by the R/W , s,,:ch asfences, gates, cattle guards, trails, culverts, pipelines,bridges, public land survey monuments, and waLer develop-ment/control structures, shal1 be maintaineo in a service-able condition to the degree practicable. Damaged ordestroyed improvements shall be replaced or restored atthe Contractorrs expense
fn all areas where ground cover has been disturbed by theconstruction of che Iine, the Contractor shal1 be requiredto complete aI1 necessary restorative measures precedentto the act
Owner will of seeding as per the Rehabilitation p1an. Theprovide for the actual seedinq.
59.00 RELEASE
59.01 Upon completion of construction, the Contractor shaIlfurnish the Engineer a written release. Saii releaseshal1 indicate the date the line was completed, grounds
removed, and that the iine is clear of all Contractor'spersonnel and ready for cornmercial operation.
PART V
FIRE PLAN
1.00 scoPE
2. OO AGENCY I S RESPONSIBILITY
3.OO CONTRACTORI S RESPONSIBILITY
4. OO FTRE FIGHTING TOOLS
5.OO EQUIPMENT & MANPOWER
5. OO FIRE PREVENTION
7.OO FIRE SUPPRESSION
8. OO PAYMENT
PART V
FIRE PLAN
SCOPE
The requirements set forth in thpart of the governmental permit
tract and shall be binding upon
is Fire PIan
requ i rement s
sha1l be
and this con-
1 .00
1.01
3.00
3.01
1 .02
1.03
1.04
2.00
2.01
2.02
2 .03
and its authorized representativffi const ruc-
thetion Contractor(s) and/or subcontractor(s), duringconstruction of the
-kv Transmission Line.
This plan outlines the responsibility for fire prevention
and suppression activities and sets up an at.tack procedurein the event of a fire within the Project Area. The ProjectArea is defined as that area within 1/2 mile of the projectrights-of-way, work areas and all roads used forconstruction purposes.
This F'ire Plan will apply to any and all Contractors, sub-contractors and their employees. The Contractor will beresponsible to see that aL1 employees and subcontractors andtheir employees are made avrare of the contents of this FirePlan and follow the procedures outlined herein.
This Fire Plan shall be in effect at all time during con-struction of this project.
AGENCY I S RESPONSIBILITY
The District Ranger (U.S.F.S.), Compliance Officer (BLM), orloca1 fire district marshalt is responsible for all fireprevention, and suppression activities within lands undertheir jurisdictional authority and shall be the officer in
charge in the event of any fire on the project.
The officer in charge wilI administer the Fire Plan
contained herein and will discuss with the Engineer andconstruction Contractcr the necessary action to be taken inthe event a fire occurs.
The office in. charge and Engineer will periodically inspectthe project area for compliance with the Fire PIan
requirements.
CONTRACTOR I S RESPONSIBILITY
The Contractor shal1 be responsible for fire prevention andsuppression actions as set forth in the Special Use permit
and the Fire Plan contained herein.
Prior to comm'encement of construction, the Contractor shal1designate a field representative who witl be responsible for
3.02
executing the Pire Plan,
or radio in the event of
and who may be contacteda fire.by phone
is absentity for the
t^5
in
3.03
3.04
4.00
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
In the event the designated field representative
from the Project he will oelegate the responsibilContractorrs actions to another of the Contractor
employees on the Project with authority to nainta
compliance for the Contractor.
c)
d)
e)
in the event of a f ire, the Cont,ractor's f ield
represent,ative will:
a) direct all fire suppression activities in the Project
area including sending crews with appropriate tools and
equipment to the flre, and remain on the project untilrelieved by the officer in charge.
b) immediately notify the governmental agency office andlocaI fire district of the location and size of the fire
and the action taken.
immediately notify Lhe Owner or Engineer.
designate a person to act as dispatcher who will handle
messages and initiate action upon reguest untilrelieved.
Add additional personnel as required to remain at thesite until released by the officer in charge.
FIRE FIGHTING TOOLS
The contractor shall furnish and maintain in a serviceablecondition 5-man tool boxes for his personnel to be
-
used only for suppressing forest fires. These boxes withthe toofs will be kept sealed and available within the
immediate working area of each crew.
Each tooi box wiIl have in a serviceable condition thefollowing minimum items:
Two round pointed (0 or larger) shovels
One double bitted axe
Two backpack pumps
Three pulaski tools
The contractor shall furnish one round pointed (0 or larqer)shovel and one pulaski to carry on each projecr, vehicle.
For each power saw, one round pointed shovel (0 or laroer)
and one AB rated fire extinguisher of noE less than eight
ounce capacity, by weight, sha11 be furnished.
5.00
5.01
5.00
EQUIPME:NT AND I'IANPOWER
I{ithin ten days prior to start of eonstruction,
Con-"ractor shall furnish a list of equipment and
that wilI be available for fire suppression' The
attached to and become a part of this Fire Plan'
designated field representative wilI be identifi
available for review of this Fire P1an.
FTRE PREVENTION
the
manPowerlist wiIl
The
ed and be
be
6.0'l Burning, Blasting or Welding
a) OnIy electronic detcnators shal1 be used for blasting,
unless authorized by the rePresentative of the
appropriate governmental agency in charge to use other
methods.
The permittee shall perform all work with explosives in
such a manner as not to endanger life or property. A11
storage places for explosives and flammable material
shall be marked "Dangerous". The method of Storing and
handling explosiffio-iTemmable materials shal1
conform to recommended procedures contained in the
"B1asters Handbook," published by E. I. DuPont de
Nemours & co., and in all FederaI, State, and local laws
and regulat ions.
c) Explosives wiIl be stored in accordance with the Permit
and all Federal, State and Local laws concerning the use
and storage of explosives or burning of brush or slash
shalI be 6omplied with. Reference Department of Labor &
EmPloYment St andard 7 CCR 1 'l 0 1 -9 .
6.02 Spark Arresters
a) A muffler or spark arrester satisfactory to the
approprlate governmental agency shaIl be maintained on
the exhausts of aII trucks and tractors or other
internal combustion engines used in connection with this
permi t .
b ) Each gasol i ne power saw sha1l be equ ipped at al l t. i rne
with a spark arresting muffler meetinq government, stan-
dards, in good working condition, adapted to that
machine. ouring periods of dangerous fire weather, as
determined by the appropriate governmental agency, the
permittee snlfl be required to transport and keep with
each power Saw at all times such fire tools and portable
extinguishers as specified herein and to take other
precautionary measures as may be required by the
appropriate governmental agency.
b)
c) Gas and oi} will be carried only in OSHA approved safety
cans. Saw operators wiIl check closely around !h" cuts
of logs f ef lla or bucked, part icular j.y in the vicinity
of cuts to make certain no fire has started'
6 . 0 3 Permi ss i bIe Fi res
7.00
a) Used oil, used oil fi1
waste will be removed
GIass bottles or jugs
gasoline.
F]RE SUPPRESSION
Lunch and warming fires will be permitted only when
approved by the representative of the appropriate
g6vernmental agency having jurisdiction.
A11 wasr-e material from eonstruction of the line shalI
be disposed of as directed by the aPpropriate land
management agency. see Landscape Plan Paragraph 8.04.
No mlterial shal1 be dispcsed of by burning on the
saI
sTffih approval of the iand management aqency excePt
during any closed season established by Iaw or
regu lat i on .
a)
b)
6.04 Smoking
a) The Contractor may, during periods of 1ow to moderate
fire danger, permit smoking by his employees, buL only
in safe pfacei. During peiioAs of high or extreme fire
danger, imoking may be-piohibited by the representative
of Ine appropriate governmental agency having jurisdic-
tion except in designated safe areas. Smoking will not
be perrnitLed in or around areas containing explosives or
inflammable materi aIs.
5.05. Storage and Service Areas
a) Equipment service areaS, 9aS and oi1 Storage areaS, and
explosive storage areas will be cleared of all other
fllmmable material for a distance of 50 feet. Flammable
and explosive storage areas will be labeled as such and
"No Smoking" signs shall be erected and enforced'
5.06 Oi1 Filters, Cartridges, OiIy Rags
ters, cartridges and oi1 rags or
frorn the Project area dai1Y.
wi 11 not be useC f or watEr , oi I or
7.01 It is understood and agreed that the Contractor wiIl do
"r"rything wit,hin his iesponsibility and utilize ail his
available resources to prevent and suppress fires within the
project area.
o
7 .02 In line with this agreemenE, the Contractor shal1 suppiy men
and equipment, upon request by the appropriate governmenta'l
agency, fot fire control purposes in and adjacent to the
eioje-t area. Contractor crews will not be used for fire
suplression action beyond one-half mile on either side of the
eroJect area unless governmental crews cannot handle
suppreSsion action. If such conditions develop, the appro-
priate governmental agency wiIl not move Contraetor CrewS
beyond five miles from the Project.
8.OO PAYMENT
8.01 The COntractor wilI be responsible for suppression costs
together with damages for aII fires started as a result of
the project operations or employees of said Contractor.
The appropriate governmental agency wiIl pay the Contractor's
personnel agency standard fire-fighting and equipment vrages
for fire suppression work on fires not a result of the
project operation or its personnel. It will be the
responsibility of the Contractor to pay the wages of
employees for fire fighting, if the fire started as a result
of project operations or employees of said Contractor. AIso,
it witl be the responsibility of the Contractor to pay for
equlpment used on a fire if the fire started as a result, of
the project operations or actions of employees of said
Contractor.
8.02
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9 .00
10 .00
11.00
1 2.00
13.00
PART VI
LANDSCAPE PLA{
SCOPE
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
VISUAL I"IANAGEMENT
EROSION CONTROL
TREE CLEARING
STREAM AND RIVER CROSSINGS
ACCESS ROADS
POLLUTTON CONTROL
RAPTOR PROTECTION
PROTECTION OF CULTURAL RESOURCES
PROTECTION OF EXISTING FACILIT]ES
CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES
SAFETY
a
PART VI
LANDSCAPE PLAN
1.OO SCOPE
1.01 The requirements set forth in this Landscape PIan shall be
part of the governmental permit reguirements and this con-
tract and shall be binding uPon
and its authorized representativ@tion Contractor(s) and/or subcontractor(s) during
const ruc-the plan-
ning, construction and operation of the
-ffiLine
e-FEdJect.
1.02 This plan shall be in addition to and not in lieu of the
Special Use Permit(s) obtained from the governmental
agencies having jurisdiction on this Project and the
Contract Documents contained herein.
1.03 Development plans; layout p3-ans; improvement or revision of
layouti or construction plans for this area will be approved
in advance by the administrative offices of t,he appropriate
land management agency and individual private Iandowners.
2.00
2.01
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
-kvThe
1i ne
to
will be constructed from
mi les
of tIe eEojEEt Effinstructed on public lands
admi n i st rat ed
will
by the
The Project
ry right-of-way having a width ot
2.02 Aceess on the right-of-way or to and from the right-of- way
shall be only as identified in Ehese Contract Documents and
are subject Lo apprcval by the governmental agency havingjurisdiction and individual private landowners.
2.03 The basic support structures will be as follows:
Suspension structures wilI be
Ang1e or strain structures wilI be
Wood members wiIl be treated with
and will be in coIor.
St,ee1 members wilI
and will be
be treated with
in color.
2.04 The insulators wiIl be as
Suspensiori insulators wilI
and will be
Angle or strain insulators
and will be in color.
insulators will bein color.
fo1 lows :
be
in color.
will be
Stand-off or post
and will be
2.45 Three-phase power iransmissicn wiIl be over six
KCM, ACSR
approximatETypiotectea fromTi!66Ti! uy
eonductors having a aiEIffiFinch. The conductor will be
steel shieldwire(s)
inch.lraving a diameter-of approximAEAI-
The aluminum conductor surface wiIl have a non-specular
finish.
VISUAL MANAGEI"IENT3.00
3.01 The permittee shall protect
of the right of vray and the
sistent with the authorized
operation of the facility.
EROSION CONTROL
t.he sceni.c and esthetic values
adjacent land and shaIl be con-
use during the construction and
4.00
4.01
4.02
The permiEtee shaI1 be resPonsible for prevention and
control of soil erosion on all lands covered by this permit
and lands adjacent thereEo resulting from construction of
the Project; and shaI1 revegetate with grass or herbaceousplants aII ground where the soil'has been exposed; and shall
construct and maintain such preventive works to accomplish
this result as prescribed in the Rehabilitation PIan
outlined herein.
Erosion can result in a loss of valuable soils, nutrients,
vegetation, forage, wildlife habitat, water quality, the
Iife-span of water bodies, channel capacity, aquatic life,
and scenic values. It can also contribute to undesirable
aquatic and weed growth. Even though impacts must be miti-gated, it might be diffieult and expensive to make repairs
which are compatible with the characteristic landscape as is
required by the visual quality objectives of retention and
partial retention. The best erosion control plan is Preven-tion. The following are some quidelines:
Roadway ruts tend to concentrate potentially hazardous
heads of water. Ruts should first be avoided, but if
they do occur, ir,mediate repair is required. Dischargepoints shall be adequately prepared to handle
concentrated amounts of runoff. Discharge shal1 always
be followed and treated t,o a point of satisfactoryresolution to prevent off-site impacts.
a.
o
b.water barsr. and possibly contour trenching, shall be
constructed as needed in order to disperse discharge,
and to prevent excessive concentrations.
The permittee shaI1 provide maintenance so that at the
termination of us€r the roads used will be in a condi-tion equal to or norrnally prevailing on roads of like
standard, and unless otherwise agreed to, lead-off
drainage and water barriers to prevent erosion will be
constructed on the roads used as directed by the
appropriate governmental agency and individual private
landowners.
Whenever soils are disrupted, erosion potential
increases, and immediate stabilization should beconsidered. The ideal is: expose as little soil aspossible, to the least extent of disruption, for theshortest period of time.
One of the most effective abatement procedures is
revegetation, which is discussed in the RehabilitationPIan. Given the varying conditions of any surface thereis a threshold amount of cover necessary to prevent
erosion. If this cover is lost, it must be replaced as
soon as possible. Considering the costs of revegetation
and the interim risk of failure, the maintenance of theexisting cover is preferred.
Access routes and staging areas denuded of vegetation during
construction shall ha're suitable buffer strips between them
and perennial streams. Buffer strip widths shall be
determined based on the method derived by Packer and
Christiansen in "Guide of Controlling Sediment from Logging
Roads. "
TREE CLEARING
The visual continuity of the transmission system can be
diminished in areas of varying canopy height, provided thatclearing does not alter the level of variety back to the
appearance of an even-aged stand. Conversely, selectiveclearing can be employed to enhanee a multi-heicht canopy.
d.
A
4.03
5.00
5.01
5.02 All clearing shall be undertaken inprotect and preserve adjacent soils,water bodies, wildlife habitats, andClearing can often be used to create
such a way so as tovegetation, streams,other resources.
new habitats or enhance
be exercised in areasexisting ones. Additional care shal1of high exposure to public view.
o
5.03 Whenever it is necessary to remove the overstorY, clearing
patterns shall have a level of variety commensurate with the
natural vegetation Patterns of the area. The'sca]e of newly
created palterns shaIl be increased as the viewing distance
is increased.
cl .Whenever new edges are formed by clearing, attempts
should be made to face the edges wich trees having
foliage that extends close to the ground IeveI. Edges
shall usually be feathered both horizontally and verti-
ca]Iy, which will be difficult or impossible in even-aged
stanos. The notched effeet sha1I be avoided whenever
possible. Additionally, the potential effect of sun
scalding should be considered when clearing patterns are
formulated
As trees are dropped, bucked, and removed, damage fre-
quently results to the remaining vegetation. Ihis
shall be minimized. Scarred trunks, broken branches,
and oepressed root systems can cause a tree to weaken,
and possibly die. Shrubs, forbs, and grasses are
equally important. Beyond their critical roles in
erosion abatement, they also provide variety and serve
to mitigate visual impacts.
Generally, it is better to toP a tree than to remove it,
if the choice exists. Entire sections of right of hray
have been topped with apparent success. If topping is
likeJ-y 16 reduce the tree back to a marginal condition,
it sha1l be removed from the outset. Severly damaged
trees shall also be taken out. The remainine portion of
the topped trees cannot endure much additional damage.
The preservation of existing vegetation as screens in
certain settings is critical. Screens are most important
where a transmission line parallels or intersects roads,
trails, streams, ecotones, or other activitiy areas. In
order t,o protect such areas, clearing shalI be totally
predet ermi ned .
Chenical materials shall not be used to control
undesirable woody and herbaceous vegetation, aguaticplants, insects rodents, trash, fish, etc., without Eheprior written approval of the appropriate governmental
a9ency.
Only Ehose materials approved and registered by the U.S.,
Department of Agriculture for the specific Purposeplanned will be considered for use on these lands. Label
instructions shal1 be strictly followed in the prepara-
tion and application of pesticides and disposal of excess
materials and containers.
b.
d.
A
CL.
5.04 No timber sha1l be cut or destroyed during construction ofthe transmission line without permission from the Engineer.
The Engineer sha1l obtain approvals from the Land Management
Agencies and individual landowners prior ',o the tree clearing
operat i on..
5.05 The permittee shal1 keep the area beneath the transmissionline cleared and shall trim all branches in contact or near
contact with the line. All trees, live or dead, deemed by
the permittee to be hazardous or which might fall in contactwith the line, whether on or adjacent Eo the right-of-wayshall be removed by the permittee.
5.06 Clearing is restricted to only thosewith the construcF-ion of the line or
required by applicable regulations.
from tree tops to conductor shall be
trees which interferethe electrical clearance
The minimum distancefeet.
5.07 AIl vegetation and tree clearing sha1l be done as per PartfV, Technical Specifications - Construction, VEGETATION AND
TREE CLEARING and the Site Specific Table in the Landscape
Managernent PLan.
5.OO STREAM AND RIVER CROSSINGS
6.01 The direct crossing of streams and rivers by vehicles shall
have the prior approval of the appropriate landowners orgovernmental agencies. In some situations where the currentis slow, the stream-bed is rocky and stable, and Ehe
approaches to the stream are suitable, direct crossings can be
made without significant impacts. The likelihood of approvalis higher for streams that have already been modified than forstreams which remain in a natural state or those which sustainfish or other aguatic 1ife. Both the number of crossinqpoints and the number of trips across those points sha1l be asfew as possible. Usually, a longer by-pass trip over suitableland will produce fewer impacts than a direct crossing of a
stream or river.
6.02 A major concern of stream crossings is the resultant, down-
stream siltation that occurs because of disruptions eo the' stream-bed or banks. Si ltation can degrade rrrater quality,fill channelsr oE threaten aquatic life. Stream crossingsalso increase the risk of petroleum spi11s. Avoiding such
impacts is preferable to attempting mitiqation after thefact. Alternatives that shall be considered at potential
crossing points include Ehe improvement of a direct crossingwith gravel, the use of temporary or permanent culverts, orthe placement of a portable bridge. Regardless of Ehe
approach, all damage shall be repaired. Culverts sha]1 be
used in alI natural drainages that carry water on a year roundbasis.
5.03 The installation of all euivert.s and access roads shall be asper Part fV, Technical Specifications Construction, ROAD
CONSTRUCTION AND }IAINTENANCE.
7. OO ACCESS ROADS
7.01 A11 access roads shall be as designated on the Plan and Riqht
of Way maPS and shall be approved in advance and fLagged on
the gioun- by the Engineer and Land Owners or Land Managers.
Access roads shal1 not deviate from these plans unless
approved in advance by the Engineer.
7.02 Ground vehicular equipment shall not be operated if soil or
weather conditions result in unneeessarv rutting, flowing, or
other displacement of soiIs. Any exception to this
requirement must be approved in advance by the Engineer.
7.03 The permittee shall provide continuous maintenance of the
roadL used during the constructlon period so Ehat at the end
of the construction period the roads will be in a condition
equal to that normally prevailing on roads of like standard.
Un1ess otherwise agreed to, lead-off drainage and water
barriers to prevent erosion shall be constructed on the roads
used as direlted by the appropriate Land Manager or private
land owner.
7.04 Any construction of new access roads or upgradinq of existing
rolds sha11 be as per Part IV, fechnical Specifications
Construction, ROAD CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE and the Site
Specific Table in the Landscape Management Plan.
8. OO POLLUTION CONTROL
B.O1 The permittee and his assigns shalI take reasonable precau-
tions to prevent pollution of or deterioration of lands or
waters which may result from the exercise of the privileges' extended bY this contract
8.02 No waste or by-products shall be discharged if it contains
any substancei in concentrations which will result in sub-
stantial harm to fish and wildlife, or to human water
suppl i es .
B.O3 Storage facilities for materials capabte of causing water
pollution if accidentalJy discharged, shal1 be located so as
Lo prevent any spillage into waters or channels that would
result in substantial harm to fish and wildlife or to human
water supplies.
8.04 The permittee shall provide for clean-up and disposal of
refuse resulting from construction, which includes waste
material, garbage, and rubbish of all kinds, and shall guard
the purity of streams and living waters. The refuse wilI be
disposed of at a disposal site acceptable to the land manage-
ment agency. Burning may be allowed at the disposai site
per the Fire Plan contained herein.
8.05 AII trails, storage and work areas sha1l be kept clean at all
times. Trash and garbage shall be removed to established
county IandfiIIs
B.0G Any oiI or other waste material from the construction equip-
ment and vehicles must be c-ollected and disposed of off the
Project Site
B.O7 Oil and fuel storage for equipmenE will be placed avray from
all streams and waterwaYs.
9.00 PROTECTION OF CULTURAL RESOURCES
9.01 prior to occupying or undertaking any ground-disturbing acti-
vities on lands covered under the provisions of this permit,
the permittee shall engage the services of a qualified Pro-
fessional archeologist (and a historian, when appropriaEe),
acceptable to the ippropriate government,al aqency or its
authorized representative, to conduct a field survey of all
Right-of-way and aceess routes for cultural resources.
g.OZ The permittee and his Contractor shall immediately bring.Eo
the attention of the appropriate governmental agency or its
authorized representative any and all antiquities or other
objects of. historic or scientific interest including, but not
limitea to historic or prehistoric ruins, fossils, or
artifacts discovered as a result of operations under this
permit. The permittee shalI immediately suspend all
ictivities in the area of the object and shall leave such
discoveries intact until told Eo proceed by the appropriate
governmental agency or its authorized representative. Notice
Eo proceed will be based on evaluation of the cultural
significance of the object. Evaluation will be by a
quatified professional selected by the appropriate
governmentil agency from a government agencyr So far aS
practicable. Where not practicable, the permittee will bear
the cost of the services of a Non-Government professional.
1 O. OO PROTECTION OF EXISTING FACTLITIES
1O.Ol The Contractor shal1 take reasonable Precautions eo protect
in place, aII public land Survey monuments, private proPerty
corners, and Forest boundary markers. In the event that any
such land markers or monuments are destroyed, the permittee
shall see that t,hey are re-established or referenced in
accordance with:
a ) the procedures outlined i the "l"lanuaI of Instructions f or
the United States",
b) the specifications of t'he county surveyor, or
c) the specifications of the approPriate governmental
a9ency.
Further, the permittee shal1 cause such official survey
records as are affected to be amended as provided by }aw.
10.02 The Contractor sha}l place and maintain suitable guard.
structures to reduce lo a reasonable degree the possibility
of contact between its powerline ano telegraph, telephoner-
signal or other powerlines heretofore construeled and shaIl
allo place and maintain suitable structures to reduce to a
reasonable degree the possibility of any structures or wires
fatling and obstructing traffic or endangering life on
highwafs or roads. rhe transmission line shall be designed
and constructed in accordance with accepted Standards
(National Electrieal Safety Code) and sPecifications for
. transmission lines of similar vo1t39€, capacity, and
PurPose.
10.03 The Contractor shalI make provision for avoiding inductive or
conductive interference between any transmission facility or
other works constructed, operated, or maintained by it
authorized under the permit, and any radio installation,
telephone liner oE other communieation facilities existing
when the permit is authorized or any such installationr line
or facility thereafter constructed or operated by_the United
States, State of Colorador oE any agencies thereof. This
Provision shall not relieve the Contractor from any
responsibility or requirement which may be imposed by other
lawful authority for avoiding or eliminating inductive or
conductive i nterference.
'10.04 The Contractor shall Protect al] telephone, telegraph, and
power-transmission lines at crossings of and at all places in
proximity to the permittee's Povrer-transmission Iine or
lines; and shall maintain said power-transmission line or
lines in such a manner as not Eo menace life or ProPerty.
11 .00
11.02
PROTECTTON OF EXTSTING FACILTTTES
1 1.01 The pernittee shal1 iake reasonable precautions to protect inplacer all public land survel, monurflents, private prlpertycorners ' and Forest boundary markers. In the event that anysuch land markers or monuments are destroyed, the permitteeshaI1 see that they are re-establlshed or referenced inaccordance with:
a ) the procedures outlined in the "l'lanual of f nstructionsfor the United Stat€s",
b) the specifications of the county surveycr r oE
c) the specifica'.ions of the appropriate governmental
Further, the permittee shalr cause such officiar surveyrecords as are affected to be amended as provided by Iiw.
The permittee shaII place and maintain suitable structuresand devices to reduce Eo a reasonable degree the possibilityof contact between its powerline and teregraph, tllephone,signal or other powerlines heretofore conitructed and shallalso place and maintain suitable struetures and devices toreduce to a reas_onable degree the possibirity of any struc-tures or wires falling and obstructing traffic or endangeringlife on highways or roads. The. transmission line sharl bedesigned and constructed in accordanee with aceepted stan-dards (National Electrical safery code) and specificationsfor transmission lines of similar vortag€r calacity, and
PurPos e.
11.03 The permittee shall make provision t or bear the reasonableeost of making Provision for avoiding inductive or conductiveinterference between any transmission facility or other worksconstructed, operatedr oE maintained by it auihorized underthe permit, and any radio installationl telephone liner oEother communication facilities existing when t,he permit isauthorized or any such installation, line or faciiity there_after eonstructed or operated by the United States, State ofColorador. oE any agencies ehereof. This provision shall notrelieve the permittee from any responsibility or reguir"*"niwhich may be imposed by other lawfu1 authorily for ivoidingor eriminating inductive or conductive interference.
11.04 The permittee shal1 protect all telephone, telegraph, andpower-transmission lines at crossings of and at-aII places inproximity to the permittee's power-Lransmission line orIines; and shall maintain said power-transmission Iine orlines in such a manner as not to menace life or property.
o
12.00
1 2. 0'l
CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES
An important method of re<iucing overalr impact j,s to selectequipment that is in good repair and appropriate to theclearing operation. The design, sizer- and- intended use ofthe.eguipment.is a key to this consideration. rnappropriateequipment or its maldirected use ma], result in suUiiantialresource damage. All clearing must additionally be done inaccordanee with the approved Fire plan and erolion controlmeasures.
use equipment that is appropriate to the task and theterrain. Because of the many variabres in the landscape,a piece of equipment that is suitable to one area mightnot be acceptable in another. under different condi-tions, there are advanlages and disadvantages to bothrubber tire and tlack equipment. Frexibility should beexercised in the field.
Proper pranning ano scheduling can facilitate the reduc-tion of trip requirements for the entire project. rt isprobable that erosion potential will increase geometri-calIy with the number of trips that are conoucied intothe project area.
Because of the short construction season, it is virtuallyimpossibre to avoid activity during the sunmer rainyseason. However, rainfalls usually last for only shortperiods, and quickly discharge or infiltrate. when thesurface is wet, construction activity should be rimitedto Iow-impact tasks. permanently we[ areas should becircumvented. saturated soirs aie particurarly prone tomovement when additional water is added. snow cover orfrozen ground does afford the opportunity to work in wetareas with 1ittle or no impact.
Ground vehicular eguipment shall not be operated if soilor weather conditions result in unnecessaiy rutting,flowing or other dispracement of soirs. Rny excepiion tothis requirement must be approved in advanci by therepresentative of the appropriate governmental agency incharge.
construction activity shaI1 not encroach upon streams orother water bodies. A buffer strip wirl reduce the riskof erosion and pollution.
Extremely dry weather is also unfavorable. Aside fromassociated fire hazard, the fines in the soil can quicklycome to the surface when impacted, and become subject towind erosion. Additionarll,, ground vegetation unEer dryconditions has a very low tol-erance to surface activity.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
13.00 SAFETY
13.01 Ihe permittee and all assigns shal1 carry on all operationsin a worlsnanlike manner, having due regard for Ehe saf ety ofemployees; and shall safeguard with fences, barriers, fi1rs,coversr oE other effective devices/ pits, cuts, and otherexcavations which otherwise would unduly imperil the 1ife,safetyr oE property of other persons.
13.02 Avaranches, rising $raters, high winds, falring limbs ortrees, and other hazards are naturar phenomenons that
Present risks which the permittee assumes. The permitteehas the responsibility of insp.ecting the right-oi-*ay, andimmediate adjoining aiea f or dangerous trees, hangin'g' f imbs,and other evidence of hazardous conditions, and oi removingsuch hazards
L,I
PART VTT
LANDSCAPE I,IANAGEMENT PLAN
1.00 scoPE
2.OO LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT GOAL
3.OO LANDSCAPE MANGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS
4. OO DESIGN STANDARDS
5.OO PLAN AND PROFTLE
6. OO PLAN AND RIGHT-OF-W}-Y
7.OO SITE SPECIFIC LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT PLAN
SITE SPECIFIC LANDSCAPE I'IANAGEMENT PLAN
EXPLANATTON OF TABLE I
TABLE I
or-L _,t).
't .00
1.01
1 .02
SCOPE
The requirementssha1l be part ofthis contract and
including thetor(s) during
LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT PLAN
set forth in this Landscapethe governmental permit requ
Management Plan
irements andshall be binding upon
and its authorized reffi
corrstruct ion Contractor ( s ) and/or subcontrac-the planning, construction and operation of the
-kvANSMlSSonLne hereafter to re 6 r,a toast e ffict.by theThis plan
Proj ect .
shal I aiso apply to pri vat e lands crossed
Following is a summarized listing of thoserelate either directly or indirectly --management process:
require that natural soil contours bethat grass, forbs and brushy plants beprohibit grubbing.
reguirements whichto the landscape
preserved; requirepreserved; and
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
control the disposal of the slash and debris fromright-of-way clearing.
reguire the prior designation of clearing areas.
reguire the prior approval by private land owners andby the administrative officer of the appropriategovernmental agency of all construction activities.
prohibit the use of vehicular equipment under adversesoil or weather conditions.
s)
h)
i)
j)
k)
1)
m)
protect archeologi
protect landscape
explos i ves .
require actions to
control the use of
require the approval of
reguire the preparation
including revegetat ion
limit vehicular stream
ca1 and paleontological values.
features from the potential damage of
prevent and suppress fires.
chemical materials.
access ways.
of a Rehabilitation Plan,
procedures.
crossings to approved locations
require buffer strips between areas of disruption andperennial streams.
n)require the preparation of a Landscape l,,lanagement plan
and a Landscape Plan t,o include reconmendations forstructure design, structure coloration, and certainright-of-way prescriptions. .
require non-reflective conductors.
require feathered edges in certain areas.
require the use of tension stringing, wheneverpossible.
regulate staging
regulate slash di
methods.
o)
P)
q)
r)
s)
areas on public Iands.
sposal by scattering or approved
r)
u)
fegllate stump removal and disposal as required by theLand Management Agency.
require a Fire Plan and estabrish certain burning proce-dures.
)
2.
00
01
LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT GOAL
In essence, the landscapeprotect natural resources
successf uI1y accompli shingthis will center upon bothimpacts on scenery, Iand,'li€a
management goal is to preserve andto a reasonable extent whilethe proposed action. Largely,avoj.ding and mitigating potentialvegetation, air, water, and wild-
t
4.
4.
00
01
LANDSCAPE MANAGEI"IENT RECOMMENDATIONS
An on-site evaruation will be made with represent,atives ofthe appropriate land owners and governmental agenciesincluding aceess to structure sites, clearing, structuresite locations and a visuar anarysis of the iandscapesurrounding the proposed facilities.
Agreement will be reached as to the proposed alignment andstructure locat ions.
DESIGN STANDARDS
The entire facirity will be designed for an operating vort-age of -kv.
3 .02
00
01
4 .02 The structures will be galvanized Iatticecolor treated depending upon structural,and terrain considerations. Typical towerin Figure(s) 1 thru 4.
steel which may beland use, vi sua1,types are shown
4.03
5.00
5. 01
5.02
6.00
6. 01
6.02
5.03
6.04
7.00
7.01
7.02
All structures sha1l bepliance with appropriate
codes
PLAN AND PF.OFILE
designed and constructed in eom-engineering design standards and
Plan and Profire informaticn is presented in Appendix r tothis pran. plan data includes photobase of the centerline,roads, trails, drainages, water featuresr €xistingstructures and fixtures, eonductor alignments, pr numbersand Locationsr. proposed structure loca[ions by number,interrelationships- of physiear f eatures, and L"iieiv orsurveying data.
Profile data includes structure number and rocat,ions,structure types ald heights, pf data, ground profilesbeneath each of the three conductors, lire profile of theconductor elosest !o the ground with sag aia span data,and the interrelationships between each of theie erements.
PLAN AND RTGHT.OF-WAY
Plan. and Right-of-way information is presented in Appendix rto this pran. pran data includes phoiobase of the iinter-line, existing roads, trails, fencLs, drainages, "ui",features, existing structures and fixtures
Right-of-way data incrudes Right-of-llay centerrine, struc-ture rocations and numbers, _Right-of-wiy width, propertylines, section, township ang 5inge 1ines, property ownershipwith assigned projecr identificaiion numbei aira aipioximateacreages contained in the Right-of-Way parcel
The Right-of-way Map will'arso irlustrate ipproved accessroutes to and from and on the Right-of-way lnd denote thedesignated type of access to be itlowea. Gates and curvertsto be installed wiII also be denoted.
The Right-of-way Map wirl also illustrate erearing bound-aries and denote type of clearing to be done.
SITE SPECIFIC LANDSCAPE MANAGEMEN? PLAN
Tabre r contained herein is.a site specific summary of con_struction detairs and practices at eleh structure location.
This Tab1e, in gonjunction with Ehe plan a profile, and plan& Right-of-way drawings shourd provide assistance-io-errectcompliance on the following actlvities:
a) Structure location, typer and height.
b) Structure construction materials used.
i/
7.03
a) Construction and maintenance access.
d) Tree clearing reguirements.
e) Land ownership or agency control.
Detailed descriptions of construction practices andactivities are contained in the Part fV, TechnicalSpecifications Construction portion of the Contract
Documents.
nI -,1
SITE SPECIFIC
LANDSCAPE I'TANAGEMENT PLAN
The following is an example of how Colorado-Ute ElectricAssociation, Inc. proposes to outline and administer SiteSpecific Construction Requirements during the constructionprocess. This Table wiII be Ceveloped jointly with input
from the property Owners and Land Managers.
o o
Rifle-San Juan 345-kv
EXPLANATTON OF TABLE 'I
Site Specific Landscape Management
The following is an explanation oftable. Headingsr ES they appear inin parenthesis.
Location (LOCATION)
Each point of intersection and each structure location is noted
Py stitioning and consecutive numbering as they will appear onthe PIan and profile Drawings.
St ruct ure Nurnbers ( St r . No . )
P 1an
the data presented in thethe table, are shown below
This corumn notes the progressive number of structures to belocated. These numbers Progress consecutively over the entirelength of the proposed line bur may conrain eip=;; sluscriptsto changes in routing.due
Points of Intersection (p.I
Stations (Survey Station)
Engineer's stations at Ehe structure sites are as given.
. No. )
the progression of angle pointsof the line intersect.
basic design of each structure isthree eolumns.
t
(Mat. )
be used in the structures are designated in
latt ice steel
This column notes by numberwhere tvro t angent sect i ons
fnformation concerning thepresented in the following
Construction Material
The basic material tothis column.
'S' denotes galvani zed
'DS' denotes galvanized darkened Iattice steel
T-"-pe ( Type )
A specific type of structure has been designated in the table for
each structure site according to the following code:
Type Figure
T1SA2LA3DE4
Figure numbers refer to the typical structure drawings as in-
cluded in the Landscape Management PIan.
Structure Height ( Str. Ht. ( Ft. )
The height indicates the approximate vertical distance from theground surface to the t,op of the structure.
Access and Clearing (ACCESS & CLEARING)
.Type of Access (Type Aceess)
Main aceess roads as designateo below identify the approved
access for the span behind the structure in the direction of
decreasing stations.
Access roads will be a.s described in the following list:
NAR-1A New Permanent Access noad - Width 14 feet.
A new access roia to be constructed across flatterrain where no cut and fill is required. Thisis a permanent road that will remain for maint-
enance access. See L.M.P., Figure
NAR-1B New Permanent Access Road - Width 14 feet.
A new access road to be constructed across terrain
where cut and fill is required. This is a permanent
road thaE will remain for maintenance aceess.
See L.M.P., Figure
NAR-lC New Temporary Access Road - Width 14 feet.
Same as NAR-'IA except it is to be a t,emporary roadwhich wiIl be revegetated upon completion of con-
st ruct ion.
NAR-'lD New Temporary Access Road - width 14 feet.
Same as NAR-IB except it is to be a temporary roadwhich will be reeountoured and revegetated uponcompletion of construction.
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o
EAR-18 Existing Access Road - width 14 feet.
An existing access road across flat terrain where nocut and fill j.s required. This is a permahent road whichwill be upgraded and rernain for maintenance access.
EAR-IF Existing Access Road - Width 14 feet.
An existing access road across terrain where cutand fill is reguired. fhis is a permanent roadwhich will be upgraded and remain for maintenance
access
EAR-1G Existing Access Road Not to be Upgraded
An existing access r.oad to be used for accessbut shalI not be upgraded from present condition.
OAR-1H Overland Access
Vegetation shall be cut at ground level withoutdisturbing the roots, or left in place depending
upon vegetation type. No bladinq or cut and fillwi11 be alLowed.
NO-1f No Ground Vehieular Access
This identifies areas where no ground vehicular
aceess will be alIowed. Access will be limited tohelicopter or pedestrian.
NOTE:
To identify areas where no access is permitted,flags shall be set up at the ends of all of thepreviously described roads to clearly define the. end of permissable access.
Spur Road to Structure ( Spur Road )
This column identifies the necessary and approved access frornthe main aceess rcad to the structure site. Descriptions arethe same as used for main access.
Clearing (Clearing )
This eolumn identifies the type of clearing or toppingwhich is necessary and allowed for each structure site andfor the span behind Ehe strueture in the direction ofdecreasing stat ions. Disposal specificat ions are conEainedin the Landscape P1an, (TREE CLEARING) and part IV,Construction, (VEGETATION AND TREE CLEARING).
None (N)
This indicates areas where tree clearing is not likelyto be necessary. Some shrub removal might be required.
Strueture ( S )
lhis indicates areas where tree clearing will be
necessary at structure sites for surveying, foundationinstallation, tower installation, and/or guy and anehorinst al1at ion.
Conduqtor (C )
This indicates areas where tree clearing or toppingwill be necessary for conductor clearance in the spanbehind the given structure.
Danger Trees - (DT)
This indicates areas where danger trees are present andwill have to be removed to prevent contact with the1ine.
Structure Site (Struct. Site)
This column identifies the site treatment that wilI be allowedbefore actual structure construction can proceed.
None (N)
This indicates no ground disturbance is necessary beforestructure construction
Eeqch (B)
This indicates it will be necessary to bench the areasfor foundation installation.
lemporary Bench - (TB)
This indicates it will be necessary to temporarily benchthe areas for foundation instarration. After completionof construction the area will be reeontoured.
a
Crane Pad (Ce1
This indicates it will be necessary t,o cut in a crane pad
before structure construction.
Temporary Crane Pad - (TCP)
This indieates it will be necessary to cut in a temporary
crane pad before structure construction. After completion ofeonstruetiorr the area will be recontoured.
Ownership or Agency (Land Owner)
This column indicates the ownership or agency responsible forthe land associated with each structure. A11 structures locatedon lands under the jurisdiction of either the Forest Service orthe Bureau of Land t'lanagement are subject to their particular
regulat ions.
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PART VIII
REHABILITATION PLAN
1.00 Scope
2.00 General
3.00 Permanent Access Roads
4.00 Temporary Access Roads
5.00 Marshalling or parking Areas
6.00 Revegetation
7. 00 Mulching
Site Specific
Explanation of
Table II
Rehabilitation plan
TabIe If
1.00 scoPE
1 .01 The requirementssha1l be part of
and this contract
REHABILITATION PLAI.I
set forth in this Rehabilitation plan
the governmental permit requirements
and shall be binding upon
ltS author zed representat ives,ncludlng t e constructionContract,or(s)struction and
referred to as the
and/or subcontractor ( s )during the planning, con-operation of the
-kv feffi5Et.
1.02 This pran shall be in addition to and not in rieu ofthe Special Use Permit(s) obtained from the governmentalagencies having jurisdiction on this project and theContract Documents contained herein.
1.03 This Rehabilitation plan must be approved in advanceby the administrative offices of Ehe appropriate landmanagement agency and individual private rand oerners.
2. OO GENERAL
2.01 All areas of the transmission line rights-of-way shallbe cleaned-up. Waste material from the line coistructionmay be burned at an approved disposal site or otherwisedisposed of as directed by the local Government repre-sentative or individual land owners. However, no materialshalI be disposed of by burning during any crosed seasonestablished by law or regulations without a written firepermit from the appropriite rocal authority. see part rv,Construction, FfNAL CLEANUP.
2.02 rn all areas where ground cover has been disturbedby the construction of the 1ine, the constructioncontractor shall be required to complete ar1 necessaryrestorative neasures precedent to the act of seeding.'The Owner wiIl provide for the required seerling.
3. OO PERMANENT ACCESS ROADS
3.0'l A11 new_or previousry existing access roads incrudingoverland travel routes, structure benches and crane laas whichare to remain as PerrTlanent access for maintenance of the linesha1l be rehabilitated in accordance with the Specificationscontained herein.
r-tL-/
3.02
3.03
3.04
4.02
4.03
4.04
Areas with glazed-over or compacted surfaces shaIl be rakedor scarified prior to seeding by mechanical disking or handraking.
Water barring shall be installed in accordance with thespecifications for construction of water bars and at thefollowing intervals, or as directed by the representativeof the appropriate land management agency.
Grade fnterval
0-28
2-52
5-8r
>8t
Every 500'
Every 200'
E\rery 100 |
Every 50'
. 4.00
4. 01
All disturbed areas shall be reveqetated in accordanee withthe specifications contained herein and in accordance withthe SITE SPECIFIC REVEGETATION PLAN., TABLE II.
TEMPORARY ACCESS ROADS
All temporary access roads including temporary structure
benches and crane pads shall he re-contoured to the naturalgroundline, top soil replaced, and rehabilitated inaccordance with the specifications contained herein.
All Eemporary access sha1l be ripped as necessary, 6 inchesdeep and/or re-contoured to the original groundline
contours.
Water barring shall be installed in accordance with thespecifications for construction of water bars and at theforlowing intervars or as directed by the representatives- ofthe appropriate Iand management agency.
Grade fnterval
0-22
2-5*
5-8 r
>8t
Every 500'
Every 200'
Every 100'
Every 50'
A11 disturbed areas sharl be revegetated in accordance withthe sPecification contained herein and in accordance with theSITE SPECIFIC REVEGETATION PLAN, TABLE II.
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5. 00
5 .01
MARSHALLING OR PARKING AREAS
A11 marshalling or parking areas shall be cleared ofrefuse as per the Landscape PIan, POLLUTION CONTROL beforeproceeding with rehabiliation.
5.02 Arr marsharring or parking areas shalI be adequately ripped5 inches deep before disking and seeding.
5.03 All disturbe<i areas shall be revegetated with a seedmix, application method and any special treatments tobe approved by the appropriate land management agency orIand o$rner.
5.00
6. 01
REVEGETATION
All disturbed areas shall be revegetated by the Owner inaccordance with the TABLE rI, srTE SPECIFIc REVEGETATToN PLAN.This Table will provide assistance to effect compriance byproviding the following.
a. .Structure numbers, Engineer's stations
b. Type of access, vegetation Eype (ecosyst€r)r seedmixture, application amounts and depth to be dri1led,fertilizer to be applied if necessary, any specialtreatments required such as mulchingl and- propertyowner identifications.
6.02 seeding will be done after the ground frost reaves inthe spring but before May 1 or after September 'l untilthe ground freezes.
5.03 Areas t,o be seeded with less than Z0 percent gradewill be done by mechanical drilling in rows i2 to 1Binches apar',- to a depth specif ied for the seed mixture.Areas to be seeded with more than 20 percent grade may bebroadcast and then covered by harrow or drag. Areas lroundstructures will be seeded and raked to prevent the seed from
7.00
7. 01
being windblown.
MULCHING
Where it is necessary to cover seed in order toseed survival rates, a layer of hay or strav, 1/2(approximately 2 Eons/acre) shal1 be broadcast.on slopes greater than 20 percent, the hay,/strawcrimped into the soil with harrow or disk.
WEED CONTROL
lmprove
inch deepAfter seedingshalI be
8.00
8.01 rf undesirabre weeds grow in the Right-of-way prior to re-habilitation, they shall be treated with an approved chemicalspray before reseeding begins.
STTE SPECTF'IC
REHABILITATION PLAN
The following is an example of how Colorado-Ute Electric
1":"913-tion, Inc. ProPoses to outline and administer Site SpecificRehabilitation Requirements during the post construction phase.This table will be developed jointly wilrr input from the propertyowners and land managers.
O
EXPIJANATION OF TABLE TI
SITE SPECIFIC REHABILITATION PLAN
,*t frheHgading=r ds they appeir in rhe rable,thesis.
data presented in the table,are shown below in paren-
Location (tOCATION)
Each point of intersection and each structure rocation isstationing and consecutive numbering.
Structure Numbers (Str. No. )
noted by
This column notes the Progressive number of the structures to beconstructed.
Stations (Survey Station)
All Engineerrs Stations at the structure sites are as shown on theplans and profile.
Treatnent (TREATMENT)
Seed Mixture @_gI!E (Seed Mi x )
CODE DESCRIPTION
be determined
be determined
be determined
be determined
DEPTH
rnformation concerning the type of aceess, existing vegetation type,seed mix to be applied, fertilizer if required, any special treatl-ments if required are noted as follows:
Type Access (TypE ACCESS)
see site specific Landscape Management plan for explanation ofdesignations.
leed mixtures, application amounts, and depth to be drilred areidentified below-.111 weight per acre are for pur live seed. Actualamounts applied will be adjusted for tested ger*ination ratios.
MX1
Ir{x 2
MX3
MX4
To
To
To
To
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If broadcasting is used to apply the seed the amounts willbe twice those specified above.
Fertilizer Application (Fert. )
If fertilizer is required it shall be applied and incor-porated at a eomposition and rat.e as indicated below:
FRl To be determinedFR2 To be determined
Special Treatments (Special Treat't. )
Any special treatments such as mulching (M) are denoted.
Other Details (Details)
Land Management agencies or property owners are identifiedand any further remarks concerning rehabiritation are noted.
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IN
Exhibit H
THE PUBLIC UTILITIiS COMP1ISSION
STA.fE OF COLORADO
APPLICATION NO. 34979
THE I,IATTER OF THE APPLICATION OF' COLOR.ADO.UTE ELECTRIC
ASSOCTATTON, rNC., P. O. BOX 1149, I"IONTROSE, COLORADO, FOR A
CERTIFICATE OF PUBLIC CONVENIENCE AI,ID NECESSITY 10 COIISTRUCT,
OPERATE, AND I'IAINTAIN A 345-KV TRAI'ISMISSfOT\ LINE TOGETHER
'.IITH
RELATED SUBSTATION FACILITIES, TO BE LOCATED IN NIi\E
COUNTIES IN I{ESTERN CCLORADO, A},ID ONE COUNTY IN NE,V. MEXICO,
SUCH FACILITIES COLLECTIVELY TO BE KNOWN AS THE RIFLE.SAN
JUAN 345.KV TRANSMISSION LINE.
THE t'lATTErl OF THE APPLICATION OF PUBLIC SERVICE COMPANY OF
coLoRADO, 550 15th STREET, DENVE.R, COLORADO, FOR A
CERT]FICATE OF PUBLIC CONVENIENCE AND I.JECESSITY TO
PARTICIPATE IN THAT PORTION OF TITE ABOVE NOTED TRANSMISSION
LINE BETWEEN RIFLE AND GRAi\iD JUNCTIOI{, COLORADO.
PREPARED TESTIMOi{Y
OF
FREDEiiIC A. KUHLEMEIER
CoLoRADO-UTE ELECTIIIC ASSOCIATION, INC.
SEate your name and business address.
i,Iy name is Freder ic A. Kuhlemeier . ' r,ly business address
is P. O. Box 1149, Montrcse,
IN
a.
A.'
1.
Q.2.By whom are you exnployed and
I am employed by Colorado-Ute
Colorado 8'1402.
in what capacity?
Electric Association,A.
Inc. , as Vice President, with responsibilities in '-he
area of sErat,egic pJ.anning.
L]
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1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
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2
aL
2
2
a.BriefIy describe your educationaL background ano
previous experience tlrat is relevant to this proceed-
ing.
I graouated from the university of Illinois in 1957 with
a Bachelor of Science degree in electrical engineering.
Following graduation, I was employed by the United
States Bureau of Reclamation. i"ly duties there involved
the application and design of electrical faciliiies,
applicaticn of .orot,ective relaying schemes for transmis-
sion line and power plancs, and laEer oDr the planning
of tne federal transmission system. Under tne Depart'-
r1€ot of Energy Organization Act the responsibrlities of
Bureau of Reclamatj.on were divided into two segments.
The prirnary responsibility for the operaeion of the
generating and irrigaLion facilieies remained with the
Department of Interior, United States Bureau of Reclama-
tion. The responsibility tor tne federal power system
functions were assigned to the DepartmenE of Energy,
?Iest,ern Area Power Adnrinistraticn (t{estern). The work I
performed for the Bureau of Reclaination is now being
perfcrned under che auspices of !^iestern.
i'ihat are ycur duties and responsicrlities with Colorado-
Ut e?
A.
11
21
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l
?
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
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1
A.fn 1965, I came Eo work for Colorado-Ute as a systens
engineer. Since tnat time ny duties with Colorado-Ute
have involved the preparation of load and resource pro-
jections, transmission systen studies, system relay
proteetion, equipment application and the design anrl
construct,ion of Colorado-Ute's substaE,ion and transmis-
sion facilities. In 1974, I was appointed Manager of
Systejn Planning, and in October, 1916, I was elected
Vice President of the newly-formed System Planning Divi-
sion. On iiovember 12, 1981, I was assigned to the
President's Office. My work present,ly involves the
stratelJic long-range planning for future power slrstems
including the transrnission systern necessary eo deliver
Porver from our generating faciliEies to the delivery
points of our mernbers, as well as to Ehe electrical
interconnection point,s wiEh other power suppl iers.
Do you hoI<i any professional licenses?
I am a registered professional engineer in the State of
Coloraoo.
What does your testimony address?
As is described in the testimony of Girts Krumins in
this mat,t,er, Colorado-Ute nas applied for a Certif icate
of PubIic Ccnvenience and Necessity to construct,
Sointly rvith Public Service Company of Cciorado (public
'l 1
s. 0.
A.
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Service) and iiestern Area Power Aoniniscration
(l^Iestern), a single-circuit 345-kv Eransnission line
from the Rifle substation to the san Juan Generating
Station. lly t,estincny will address soine of the more
technical aspects of our proposal.
What has been your role in planning for this Project?
As previously mentioned, I have been in charge of the
StraEegic planning for Colorado-Ute and have had overall
responsibility for the negot,iation and drafting of the
agreetnenEs between Colorado-Ua" and PubIic Service and
western for the construction and operation of the pro-
posed 1ine.
Describe the proposed physical configuration of Ehe
1 ine.
Colorado-Ute, Western and Public Service plan to con-
struct a 345-kv single-circuit transnission line utiliz-
ing a lattice steel tower desrgn. Typical tower height
will be 130 feet. Two 1272 MCM ACSR' conductors,
oriented vertically, will be used for each of the three
electrical Phases. The Span lengih between to$rers will
average 1200 feet. Exhibit, FK-1 is an outline oE a
typical t.ower
',-iI1 a single-circuit configuration oe useC fot the
entire length of the iine?
7. 0.
A.
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a
A sin,31e-circuit conf iguration will be useo wherever
possicle. However, baseci on long-range load .orojections
made by colorado-uter and even if llestern's curecanti-
Shiproci< lrne is uprated to 345 kv, it is possicle that
another 3.15-lcv Eransmission line will be required some-
t,ime during the next 15 to 20 years. While it is
Colorado-Ute's and Western'S intent to construct only a
single-circuit transmission line at this time, we
believe it would be pruCent to a1low transmission tower
Space for a future circuit in special situations where
t,errain Eeatures or other considerations preclu'ie fuCure
construction of a paraIIel single-circuit Iine'
An exanple of a siE,uation where it (.ras necessary to
provide tower space for a future circuit, occurrec in
1981 vrnen Col0rado-Ute constructed the Poncha-san Luis
vaIley 230-kv line. This line was builE from westernrs
Poncha substation, near Salirja, southward into the san
Luis valley. As a condit,ion of obtaining a permit from
the united suates Fcrest service, it ldas necessary for
colorado-ute to provide double-circuit to$rers for t,he
seven-mile section of the line over Poncha Pass even
though there is no immediate prospect of adding a seccnd
circuit.
whac wiLl be t'he capacicir of the proposed line?
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A.The accual capacity of the line will vary from trme Eo
time depending on t,he loaoing along the line and our
ability to cont,rol voltage within acceptable limits.
The transfer capability of the Iine for different system
conditions will be deter:nined from a series of power
system studies done on a computer. Based on planning
studies, the line is initially expected to have a
capacity of bet,ween 400 and 500 megawat,t,s, depending on
whether or not certain other planned transmission lines
are actuaIlY bui1u.
Where will subst,ations be located and why?
tsasically, the substations colorado-iJte plans to con-
struct are locatetl aPProximately 50 miles aPart' and
tieliver power into colorado-uEe's underlying 115-kv
transmission systern at Ehe exisuing electrical load
centers. step-down subst.ations are init,ially to be
constructed in the Plontrose, Cortez and Durango areas.
Additional steP-down substations will probably be
required in the Paonia, Norwood and Grand Junction
areas. While a number of different routings were
analyzed from both environmental and engineering aspectS
and are ,iiscussed in t.he Environmental Analysis fcr t'he
project *hich has ceen submitted by l'1r. Krumins as
Exnibit GK-15, tne proposed routing ano Suos-LatLon loca-
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tions were chosen considering their prcxi.mity tc the
elecErical 10ad centers and lesser en'rironmenEal
impacts.
Does colorado-ute plan to construct all of the substa-
tions you mentioned simultaneously?
No. It is our plan t,o construct the different substa-
tion f acilities as they are needeC. A f irm commitinent
to timing and configuraE,ion of each 345/ 115-kv substa-
tion will taKe place during the course of the project.
Ar, t,he trme the Rif 1e to san Juan line is completed in
1986, rt is planned t,i'rat, the i"lontrose and Long ilollow
(near Durango ) su'ostations will also be co,npleEed, to be
followed shortly uhereafter by the uprating of the Lost
Canyon Substation.
0. WilI there be other step-down substations associated
with the proposed RifIe-san Juan Transnission Line
proj ect?
A. Yes, in addition to the 345/115-kv substations, western
plans E,o construct a 345/230-kv substation at shiprock,
and also at a later Eime at curecanti substation. The
purpose of the 345/230-xv step-down substations is uo
connect the 345-kv systern wiLh Ehe 230-kv systen, in
order co obtain greater reliabiliEy and .oower transfer
capab i1 it'y .
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You mentioneo [hat PubIic Service and Western rviIl par-
ticipate in tne Project. Have agreernents been reached
providing for this joint, participat'ion?
Two seParate agreernents have been reached' The first
executed agreement is among colorado-ute, PubIic service
and western. This agreernent involves the const,ruc-
tion,operationandmaintenanceoftheRifletoGrand
Junction 34S-kv line section. The second agreement,
which is in t,he Einal drafting Stages and compJ.ete but
for several relatively ninor aspects sti11 under discus-
sion, is between Colorado-Ute and WesLern' This agree-
ment involves the construction, ogeration and mainta-
nanceoftheGrandJuncEionEosanJuan345.kvlineand
related interconnecting lines and transformation facili-
ties.
After completion of both sections of Ehe Rifle to
san Juan 345-rv line, it is t^Iestern's plan to undertake
a seccnd phase of construct,ion. In this phase l{estern
would uprate iLs existing Rifle-curecanti-shigrcci< 230-
kv line for 345-kv operation. lr-hile not wit,hin the
sccpe of this proceeding, the agreement between
Colcraoo-Ute and 'destern provides that Colorado-Ute wilI
have the opportunity to participate wi.th western in the
uprating of -.he Iine and share i-n its capacity Eo the
A.
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extent of 508. A copy of eacn of the acove-nentioned
agreements was. submitted with t4r. Krumins' test,imony as
Exhibit GK-3 and GK-4, resPectively.
According to these agreements, how will cost,
maintenance and capacity of the transmisSion line and
substations be snared?
While the agreements are detailed and speak for
themselves, the sharing of cost, maintenance, and
capacity of the Rifle to Grand Junction to san Juan line
and related 345-kv facilities are surrunarized as
follows:
15.a.
Line Sections anci 345-kv
Substations
RifIe to Grand Junction
Grand Junction t,o San Juan
Shiprock to Four Corners
Rifle Substation
Grand Junction Substation
l'lontrose Substation
Lost Canyon (Cortez)Substation
Long Hol1ow (Durango) Substation
A.
11
14
21
CUEA
37-1/2*
50r
50r
37- 1 /22
29-1 / 6*
66-2/32
100t
1 00r
western
37 -1 /2t
50t
50r
37- 1 /22
29-1 / 5Z
33- 1 /32
PSCC
25_Z
25*
41-2/ 3*
one-line diagrams showing Ehe above Iines, substations
and inEerconnecting facilities are shown in Exhibits
FK-2 and FK-3. The agreement between Colorado-Ute and
west,ern contains an "Exhibit Iu which shows the mainte-
nance responsibilities for each line section and substa-
t,ion Eacility. To t,he extent practical, routine
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naintenance will be done on an exchange basis alnong
Colorado-Ute, Western and PubIic Service Company.
ExEraordinary maintenance involving the replacement of
units of property wilI be shared proportionateJ-y with
each participant's capacity share.
lvhy is a new transnission line needeci in Sout'hwest
Colorado?
As a result of Colorado-Uters 133-kv and 115-kv
being heavily loaded, along with continuing load
in Western Colorado, we are experiencing systeln
ing problems. These problems are:
lines
growt,h
't 1
12
operat-
1. fhe Eransmission line losses appear to be exces-
sive between ilayden and Shiprock Substations.
2. During 230-kv transmissicn sltstem outages and
drsturbances, the 'l 15-kv voltage excursions are
excessive, particularly in the southern portion of
the transmission system.
3. 115-kv voltage fluctuations are occurring more
and more frequently, even thouqh all of the 230-kv
and 115-kv transmission line sections are in
serv ice.
Are t,here any operating records showing the extenE of
these operating proole:ns?
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A.Yes, there are.
1. Our metering records show thaE Colorado-Ute's
measured 115-kv and 138-kv transmission Iine losses
between Hayden Substation and Shiprock Substation
averaged 12.72 of our connected load f or t'he
calendar year 1981 or '13.5 i'ti{. I'Ihile rnetering
records have not been co;npiled for calendar year
1982, the losses are probably comparable to 1981.
In 1916, Colorado-Ute's rneasured Iosses for the
115-kv and'l 3B-kv transmissicn system between Hayden
anrl Shiprock Substations averaged 4-7 l'f'v\i or 6.1t of
our connected loads. This represents an increase
in transmission lcsses of 8.8 i'Iw since 1976.
The average'va1ue oE Power associaced with each
megawatt of transmission loss on Colorado-UEers
system is approximately S3001000 per year at Ehe
present time. Nlultiplying eiris value by 8.8 M!{, the
cost oE 1 1 5-kv transmission line losses occurring
betvreen tne Hayden substation and the shiprock
Substat,ion has increased aPProximately $2.5 million
over the last six years. Based on our own prior
experience, as well as that of other area utilities,
cransmlssion line losses t,ypically average 5 to 7Z
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and the losses being incurred by Coloraoo-'rite are
excessive -by those standards.
z. Another potenE'iall1z serious probre:n is the
excessive voltage swings at the Colorado-Ute 1 1 5-kv
substations between Plontrose and Shiprock rvhicn
regularly occur as a result of oist,urbances on
Western's 23O-kv system. Tabulated below are
volt,ages at the Durango 115-kv Substation which
occurred just before and after two different 230-kv
system disturbances.
Disturbance Date Before After Nomi naI11
14
21
2/n/8L-
1O/26/82
1 07-kv
1 1 0-kv
1 03-kv
1 23-kv
1 1 5-kv
1 1 5-kv
These voltage fluctuations occurred over a 30-second
interval of time before the volt,age regulators on
the distribution system would normally be able t,o
respond. In the case of the February 23 distur-
bance, it is lire1y that, the voltage regulaEors lrere
at or near their full regulating capaoility prior to
the disturbance and would be unable to respond to a
further drop in the system voltage. In t,he case of
Ithe October 20 disturbance, if an end-use customerrs
voltage in the City of Durango was 120 volts beiore
the disturbance occurred, then immediately following
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the disturbance, tire end-use custo,ner's voltage
raised to . 1 3 4 vo1 t,s . In add it ion, our telemetry
records showed that the voltage during the
October 26 disturbance continued to slow1y increase
for about two minutes and actually reached 127 kv.
The overall change in voltage at Coloradc-Uters
Durango 1 1 5-kv bus , cons ider ing t'he highest and
lowest excursions of both t,ne F'ebruary 23 and
Octooer 26 disturbances, exceeded 20*- These
voltage extremes, if sustained, could cause damage
to appliances and other electrical devices which are
in service. It is my understanding that l'lr- Everett
Johnson, who is the lvlanager of the Empire Electric
Association, which is an intervenor part,y in t,hese
proceedings, will further testify concerning
excessive voltage swings in the Cortez area.
3. Voltage fluctuations at Colorado-Ute's 1 15-kv
substations also appear to be occurring more
frequently--particularllz between ir'tontrose and
Shiprock. These fluctuations follow system loading
and tend to increase in number at the higher 230-kv
and 1 1 5-kv load levels. The fluctuations are some-
times noticeable to end-use customers anci, in addi-
t ion, cause '-he automatic voltage regulators
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belonging to colorado-ute's Menbers to operate mucn
more frequentllr than necessary. Increased numbers
of voltage regulaEor operations tend Eo increase
regulator maintenance and risk of failure. It is my
understanding t,hat i'tr. Johnson wiIl also testify
concernlng t,he frequency of regulator oPeracions on
the Ernpire Electric Association system.
To what extent is Colorado-Ute relying upon i'iestern for
additional capacity and other support in Southwest
Colorado?
Colorado-Ute has a present capacity deficiency of at
?clleast .7. i,Il'] in the area. Colorado-Ute is essentially
relying upon i'iestern for the capacity necessary Eo serve
it,s Southwestern Colorado loads which are over the 100
i,lW of combined generation and capacity ment,ioned in
ivlr. Krumins' testimony. In adoition, ifesternr s 23C-kv
syseem helps support Colorado-Uters 115-kv voIE,age,
particularly at the Montrose and Lost Canyon
Substations.
You have testified that Colorado-Ute has experienced
excessive line losses and voltage excursions. What
impact will the proposed R.ifIe to san Juan Transmission
Line nave upon these and the capacit,:/ problems?
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A.Colorado-Ute intends to use its shar': oi the Rifla to
San Juan 345-kv transmission capacity primarily to
deliver power into it,s underlying 1 1 5-kv transmission
system. This wiIl increase Colorado-Ute's transmission
line capacity into southwestern Colorado so that our
loads and capabilit,y to deliver power to our loads will
be in fairly close balance in 1 986 when the proposed
Iine could be completed.
As previously mentioned, substations are planned in
the l4ontrose, Cortez, Durango areas and, when conditicns
warrant, in the Paonia, Grand Junction and Nor"vood
areas. Power system studies show that if any one of
these substations were not in service, the areas can
stiI1 be adequately served from 115-kv lines connected
to adjacent substations. The voltage excursion problen,
while not eliminated, will be minimized.
Another benefit is that transmission losses would
i
be reduced from'12* of load in 1981 and 1982 to about 6t
i
of load in 1986. Exhibit GK-15 details the economic
ibenefit to Colorado-Ute from ant,icipated reductions 1n
i
line losses based upon 1982 experience with the present
system.
-15-
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2C. O. Besides providing needed capacity to suoply power io
Colorado-Ute Mernbers, are t,here any other benef its to be
achieved by the line?
A. Yes. At the present time there is insufficient
transmission line capacity to deliver power during
emergencies between the Colorado/I,Iyoming area anC t'he
Arlzona/New Mexico area. While this has not been a
serious problem in the recent past, due to substantial
amounts of surplus generating capacit,y in both areas, it
. may become a serious problem in the future, tvhen loads
and generating resources beccme more nearly in balance.
The construction of the Rifle-San Juan line wi.I1 inprove
regional reliability and interconnected systern
operation, and in t,he long term will probably reduce the
overall amounts of reserve generating capacity installed
by Colorado-Ute as well as other po'.rer suppliers in the
reoi6p.L er -
21. a. If the proposed Rifle-San Juan line is certificated so
it can be completed in 1986, for what perioC of time
will the propcsed transmissicn line rneet Colorado-Uters
capacity needs in Southvrest Colorado?
A. This clearly depends on Colorado-Ute's actual load
growth. Howe-Jer , assuining the loads in soutnwester n
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22 a.
Colorado are actually 250 I'Ii^i in 1985, as projected, and
that Colorado-Ute's present power system capacity is 100
lilW without the support of inlesternrs system, then the
additional transmission Iine capacity needed to serve
Colcrado-Ute's loads in 1985 will i:e 150 MW. Based on
po{rrer t,ransfer eapacity studies, '150 M!'J could be
accornmodated on Colorado-Uters share of the proposed
transmission line caPacity with approxiinately 50 rrlrr'i of
capacit,y in reserve for f uture load grovrth. Theref ore,
depending on actual load growth in southwestern
Colorado, additional transmission line capacity above
t,hat proposed, tnay be needed as early as 1987 or 1988.
Has Colorado-Ute consirlered other transmission alterna-
tives to the ,oroposed liner dfld why rvere they not
ci:osen?
Yes. Colorado-Ute has investigated basic alternatives
t,o Ene prcposed plan which would increase transmission
capacity into the southwestern Colorado load centers and
i,nprove the reliabilrty of service t,o the area. These
alternatives were generally equivalent, from
Colorado-UEe's standpoint, to t,he proposed 345-kv plan
from an overall electrical or ccordinated slrstem
planning perspective. Transnission p1ans, wnich reguire
utilizaticn of ihe existing capacity of ',{estern's
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transmission syste:n were not considered as long-term
alternatives.
Rifle Substation is Colorado-Ute's primary
power source in lfestern Colorado at which there
adequate available capacity. Therefore, tne
transmission alternatives stuoied consisted of diEferent
transmission line plans connecting Rifle Substation with
the Four Corners area generating complex. Exnibit FK-4
is a cost summary of the transmission line alternatives
which were ccnsidered. This Exhibit shows the estimated
costs for substations and transmission line facilifies
associated with each alternative.
Alternative A is a ccmbination 345/230-kv transmis-
sion system which provides approxrrrately 250 i.tw of
t,ransrnission capacity south from Rif Ie into the colorado
mernber load centers. This plan consists of a 345-kv
single-circuit line Erom R.ifIe to Grand Junction with
colorado-ute and Pubric service company of colorado eacir
having a 50q participation. From Grand Junction, a
sj.ngle-circuit 23O-kv line would be constructed south,
following the sane routing as the proposed plan and
would terminate at lriestern's Shiprock Substation.
coloraoo-ute would ce the sole owner of this 230-kv line
so that it would be necessary for l{estern E,o also plan
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and construct an add it ional trans:niss ion line sou'"h from
its Rifle Substation to the Shiprock Substation.
Alternative B is a variation of the previous
alternative and consists of a 345-kv line fron Rifle to
Grand Junction and a double-circuit 230-kv Iine from
Grand Junction to Shiprock. In tnis plan, Colorado-Ute,
Western, and Public Service share the Rifle-Grand
Junction capacity on a 37.5r 37.5, and 25 percent basis,
respectively. This configuration provides approximately
500 l,lif of capacity from Grand Junction to Shiprocl< ia
Ehe 230-kv double-circuit transrrission 1ine. This
230-kv double-circuit line would be shared equally
between Western and Colorado-Ute.
Alt,ernative C is a transmission alternative
consisting of a single-circuit 230-kv line south from
Rifle to Shiprock. This alternative provides
approximaEeLy 250 MW of capacity to serve Colorado-Ute's
iltember1oads.Thefaci1itieswou1dbeconStructed
i
sole1y by Colorado-Ute. If this alternative were
;
Ichosen, it would also be necessary for Western and
i
Public Service to plan and ccnstruct their own
Eransmlssion facilities between RifIe and Shiprock and
between Rifle and Grand Junction.
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Alternative D ccnsists oi two acidiiional 1 15-kv
circuits between R.ifIe and shiprock. This plan would
only provide approximat,ely 125 MW of new capacicy for
serving Colorado-Ute rnember loads and would be
constructed so1e1y by colorado-ute. This alternative
would provide one-half t,he zrllouot of capacity tc
Colorado-Ute member loads as Alternatives A, B,
The 1 1 5-kv plan assunes tnat Public Service anC
would plan and construct their own transmission
facilities between Rifle and Grand Junction and
serve
and C.
Western
R.ifle
and Shiprocx
A comparison of each oE the four alternaEives with
the proposed 345-xv transmission plan showed Enai Ehere
was .no ident,iEiable f inancial advantage to Colorado-Ute.
Transmission line losses cculd be expected Co be greater
for the various alternatives than for the proposed p1an.
From an environmental standpoint, it is prcblemat'icaI
whether Colorado-Ute, Western, and Public Service
Company would be able to act inriependenEly to obtain
nrultiple rights-of-way across private and public lands.
This is because tne overall envi.ronmental impact
resulting from independent action would unoouotedly be
greater Cnan for:ne jointlir proposed 345-kv
transmisston plan. Further, if in t,he future, l'iestern
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uprates its Rlfle-Shiprock 230-l<v line for 345-kv opera-
tion, it is estirnated that the transfer capability of
the proposed Rif1e-San Juan 345-rv line will be at least
100 MW greater than the 230-kv single or double-circuit
alternatives.
In summary, we believe tnat construction of ihe
proposeC 3-15-kv transrnission line plan is
interest as well as in the best interests
in the public
of Colorado-
If electric
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0telna the other project participants.
loads continue to increase in iJestern Colorado, it is
z s nt+.lvr,our vierv that a coordinated 345-kv transmissionylin thett/l
long-term, will remain cost effective as additionai
facilities are needed and will avoid Ehe excessive
environmental impact associated with a proliferaLion of
lower voltage transmission lines.
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AiTEF.I;.I.T]VE C
( S1,000rs 1982, iioli-=SCF'LA'T9'D)
Subs'.a'-:cns
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i'lcn:=cse 27f / 1i 5 k'r
Lcs: Canvon 31i/1li
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roui Ccrners 345 kv
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1 ,920
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15 ,2OO
56,300
1,151
1,000
sB4r654
s92,308
.E
h?:STiRI.I CCLCRI.DC TR.AT]SHiSSION SYST9I'1
ESTIi'i.\T3D CCSTS FOR
R.IiLE-SA}i JU;}i 1'I5 KV
TRANS}IISSION LINE PROJECT
ALTER.}I}.TIVE D
(S1,000's 1932, NoN-ESCALF'TED)
Substations
Rif Ie 1i 5 kV SuPsF-al-ion
i'lonErose 1'15 kv SwicchYard
Losi Canyon 345/'t1i kv SucstaLion
Lcnq Hollcw 115 kv SubstaLion
Shiprock 345/230 kv Substation
Ecur Ccrners 345 kv SwiichYard
Subsiation TotaI
Transmission Lines
Ri f l-e-Gr and Junc.. ion
2-115 kv SinqIe Ci=cuit Lines
Grand Junc-'ion-San Juan
2-1i5 kv Sinqle Circuit Lines
Shiprock-Four Corners
345 kv SingIe Circui'".
Lonq Hollow 115 kv
Doubie Circui'. iaP
T:ansmi'gion Line ToCal
Proi ect Tot,al
nL-/nL/
Exhibit I
SUMMARY
POWER REQUIREMENTS
APRIL 1983
ThisStudydevelopedal0-yearforecastofpowerandenergy
requirements for colorado-ute Electric AssociatiOn, Inc.,
(colorado-ute). It was based upon Power Requirements studies
which $rere recently completed by each of colorado-L'rte's member
distribution cooperatives, along with historical data and studies
pertaining to the Colorado-Ute Power system'
AverageannualcompoundgrowthratesforColorado-Uteenergy
requirements (excluding two large carbon dioxide extraction loads)
are forecasted to be aPproximately 7 percent and 5 percent for the
periods 1981-I986 and 1986-I991, respectively' Growth in power
requirements excluding the carbon dioxide extraction loads for the
1981-lgglperiodaveraged5percent.LoadsintheWestern,
cent,ral Mountain, and Eastern areas of the system are forecasted
to grow at average compound annual rates of 5 percent, 5 percent '
and 7 percent, resPectively' Power and energy requirement
forecasts for the '14 members and col0rado-ute are tabulated in
isaExhibits 1 and 2, and plotted in Exhibit 3 '
summary:
The following
STUDY
1981
2,823*
563
51
1985
3,932
778
58
7
lee 1
4,991
1r005
57
5
Requirements E@
Total Energy Requirements
( GwH)
Peak Power Requirements
(Plw)
Annual Load Factor ( t )
Averaqe Compound Annua1
Crofrtn in- EnergY ( t )
,tadjusted for Intermountain for fuIl year'
n\/
Average ComPound Annualcro*th in- Number of Customers ( t )
*adjusted for lntermountain for fu11 year'
DescriPtion of Study
Colorado-Ute, a generation and transmission cooperative
headquartered in Montrose, coloraco, supplies bulk power to 14
distribution cooperatives. The Power Requirements Study was based
on the data from these 14 cooperatives:
Ivlember Headquarters
Locat ion
-2-
Requirements Including CO^ Loads
Total EnergY Requirements
( GwH)t6tal Peak Power Requirements
( MW)Annual Load Factor ( t )Averase Compound Annual
Crofrth in- EnergY ( B )
Number of Customers
'!981
2,823*
s63
57
1 60,355
Delta-Montrose Electric Association, Inc'
Empire Electric Association, Inc.
Grand Va11ey Rural Power Lines, fnc.
Gunnison County Electric Association, Inc.
Holy Cross Electric Association, Inc.
Intermountain Rural Electric Association
La Plata Electric Association, Inc.
Sangre De Cristo Electric Association, Inc.
San Isabe1 Electric Association, Inc.
San Luis Va11ey Rural Electric Cooperative,
San Miguel Power Association, Inc.
Southeast Colorado Power Association
White River Electric Association, Inc.
Yampa Valley Electric Association, Inc.
1986 199 1
5t707
'l ,100
59
5
1,153
5
4,393
840
60
9
213,841 27
6
Delta
Corte z
Grand Junction
Gunnison
Glenwood SPrings
Sedal i a
Durango
Buena Vista
Pueblo
Inc. l,tonte Vista
Nucla
La Junta
Meeker
Steamboat SPrings
-3-
Colorado-Ute began serving Intermountain Rural Electric
Association in June of 198I.
Assumpt ions
It is generally assumed in the 1 4 member Studies that the
economic recession will continue through 1983, but the effects on
the loca1 economy will be longer lasting. Economic recovery is
signaled by a resumption in mining activity beginning in the
mid-'1980's. Other basic assumptions taken from the member fore-
casts are summarized below.
People
The movement of people to the rural and suburban
areas of Colorado is assumed to continue throughout the
forecast period. The rate of residential customer growth
for the 1 4 member systems has averaged 5 percent per year
since 1976. The forecast assumes this migration will
continue, although at a slightly lower rate, even through
the recession. Residential customer growth in 1982 was
approximately 4 Percent.
Economic Conditions
The recession is expected to last at least through
1983, but the effects on the local economy will be
longer-lasting--at least through the mld-1980's. This
lag in recovery is related to long lead times associated
with the mining industry which is a major source of
employment and a major potential for electrical load.
For example, the demand for coking coal must follow a
recoveryinthedemandforsteelandsteeiproductsanda
1.
2.
depletion of
expansion of
Similar time
precious and
etc.
-4-
inventory. Even nore time is required for
mine production above historical 1eve1s.
lag scenarios apply to coal for boiler fue1,
base metals, uranium, molybdenum, oil sha1e,
Energy Use Patterns
The average use Per residential customer has
increased by 44 percent over the past ten years and is
no$, approximately 9,000 kwh/year. The saturation of high
users of electric energy on the combined 'l 4-member system
is 20-25 percent. This'group of heavy users is assumed
to be space heating customers. Through the 1 O-year fore-
cast period, this saLuration of space heating customers
is assumed to increase to 30-35 percent as a result of 40
percent of all new customers choosing electricity for
space heating. Such an increase in space heating would
produce a sharp increase in average use per customers,
except that significant energy conservation is antici-
pated which will substantialJ-y offset the increase.
Thus, the average use per residential customer increases
from approximately 9,000 kwh/year to only 10,000 kwh/year
over the 1O-year forecast period.
Average use in the small and large commercial
classes is forecasted to increase by modest amounts over
the forecast period
3.
MEMBER
DEC.
ACTUAL
t98 r
FEB.
ACTUAL
1982 r 985
Exhibit I
COLORADC-UTE ELECTR IC ASSOC IATION INC
POWER REOUIREI4ENTS (IN MW)
'I 982 Power Reou ii'emenf s Studv
r 984 I 985 I 986 I 987 I 988 I 989 I 990 :9ll
WESTERN AREA
52.6
)aq
r 6.9
20.9
4r.6
23.7
r 5.5
56.3
25,3
11 .5
47 .1
25.0
13.4
,8.1
27.6
18.9
23.9
5r.9
a7a
14 ,7
88. 4
e,2.,
,on
21 .3
26,9
,3.1
24.2
l 5.6
oAq
66.4
30. 1
24.0
tna
,r.6
2r.2
16.6
70.7
5r.5
27 .0
34.2
51 .6
26,3
11 .1
n 5.0
72.3
52.4
1A ')
18.4
60. 1
21.9
18.4
r20.0
73.8
33.5
51.5
45.0
62.1
29.6
19. l
75.5
34.1
54. 1
47 .4
65.4
31.4
r 9.9
r 10.,
50.2
68.2
15.5
20.7
r36.I
,9.1
7r. t
a< a
21 .'
1 42.0
77.1 78.E
35.9 37.1
56.8 39.8
r0r. l rrq r
DELTA.
MONTROSE
EMP I RE
GRAND VALLEY
GUNN I SON
COUNTY
LA PLATA
SAN MIGUEL
WHITE RIVER
YAMPA VALLEY
AREA SUBTOTAL
EEA COz
HOLY CROSS
SANGRE OE
cR I ST0
SAN LUIS VALLEY
( SUMMER )
AREA SUETOTAL
I NTERMOUNTA I N
SAN I SABEL
SOUTHEASI
( SUMMER )
AREA SUBTOTAL
srEA c02
't7.0 a? o
274.7
CENTRAL MOUNTA I N
104.7 104.5 I I3.6 122.7 132.4 143.0 150.9 159.2 168.0 177.2 187.C
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coLoR{po-uTE ELECTFTC ASSOCtATtON, tNC
ANNUAL ENERGY REOUIREMENiS ( IN GWH)'1982 Power Reouirements Study
MEMBER
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GRAND VALLEY
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ACTUAL ACTUAL
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SAN ISAEEL
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EXHIBIT J
Biological Effects of
High-Voltage Fields: An Update
Volume 1
EA-1123, Volume 1
Research Project, 857-1
Final Report, July'1979
Prepared by
IIT RESEARCH INSTITUTE
10 West 35th Street
Chicago, lllinois 60616
Prepared for
Electric Power Research lnstitute
3412 Hillview Avenue
Palo Alio, Calilornia 94304
EPRI Program Managers
H. Kornberg
L. Sagan, M.D.
Energy Analysis and Environment Division
SINO4ARY
BACKGROUND, OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE
The state-of-the-art of the biological effects of power
frequency electric fields was reviewed in EPRr project No.
RP-381-1. Literature available through mid-L974 and Ehe re-
search being conducted at the time were considered in order
to develop the basis for a long-range research program. The
results of this effort vrere published as a final report in
November L975, entitled "Biologicar Effecrs of High voltage
Electric Fields".
The purpose of the docr:srent at hand is to update that
previous review, and to provide continuing assistance in the
planning and execution of biological research programs.
Since the eompletion of the November L975 review, many
new research projects have been initiated in the area, and an
unexpectedly large number of articles, reports and books have
been pubrished. of the vasr number (2000 enrries) of publica-
tions and research programs in progress that were yielded by
a computer-aided literature search, approximately 50 were
selected by the authors of this update for in-depth considera-
tion. This reduction was accomplished by considering only
those entries that directly related to power frequency electric
fields associated with transmission 1ines, and by using several
comprehensive and detailed published reviews to guide the
selection process.
GENEML FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS
The general findings of this update confirm the conclusion
of the L975 review that it is highly improbable that electric
fields from transmission lines have any significant biological
effects on healthy individuals who encounter such fietds in a
normal way under ordinary conditions. Where some possible
effect was reported, that effect could not be clearly attri-
buted to the electric fields, because the experiment or study
did not adequately consider the influence of the biological
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ptol.dr="= of that experiment or the physical environment in
which the study was made. As was stressed in the 1975 review,
the neglect of such factors represents a major obstacle in at-
tempting to use the results of those studies'
However, the number of studies that do consider such fac-
tors properly has increased since the publication of the Pre-
vious review; and these careful studies do not disclose the
presence of any hazardous effects from the electric fields.
Further research is still needed to reach definitive conclu-
sions about the nature and extent of any harm that could result
from transmission line technology.
DETAILED FfNDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS
Biophysical Mechanisms
None of the classj-caI bioeffects mechanisms (heat or ion-
ization) can be involved in any likeIy ELF (extremely low fre-
quency, 30-300 Hz) interaction in the Power line environment.
However, Some non-classical biological mechanisms may account
for such phenomena as the effect of magnetic fields on bird
navigation, electric field effects on fish-prey detection, or
body current stimulation of bone growth. While the mechanisms
of these phenomena have yet to be identified or their relevance
demonstrated, it was suggested by several authors that further
work in this direction be Pursued.
Genetics
Unlike ultra-violet and ionizing radiatj-on, ELF radiation
as normally experienced was found to be incapable of Producing
genetic effects. White it is conceivable that other mechanisms
may exist, available evidence suggeSts that no genet5-c effects
will occur in the powerline environment-
Reproduction, Growth and DglgPmq!.
The review of this area, which considered the electric
field aspects of the power frequency environment, supported
the conclusions reached by the National Academy of Sciences.
s-2
r--in\-/
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t
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fn"ir review, as well
growth and development
either Ehe electric or
as this one, indicated that fertility,
would not be. adversely affected by
I
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6I
Et
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ti
ri
7.
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magnetic field environments
There have been very few studies that have considerednervous system or behavioral effects using field intensitiespertinent to the high voltage powerline environment, whichsuggests that additional work is needed in the range of higherintensity electric fields. on the other hand, in the case ofrower erectric field intensities and moderate strength magneticfields, this review agrees with the Nationar Academy of sciences,conclusion that no behavioral, neurophysiol0gical, or neuro_chemical effects can be expected to occur.
Present evidence is insufficient to conclude that fieldstrengths within the ELF range resurt in hazardous changes incardiovascular function. However, neither does the evidenceal1ow the concrusion that these functions are not disturbed byELF field exposures.
A'vai't-able data on hematological and brood biochemical para-meters are not sufficiently convincing to conclude that ELF fieldexPosures evoke a stress response or other significant biologicalchanges in animars or in man. A major difficulty is that hema-tologicar and brood biochemical manifestations of the sEressresponse are subject to variations which may be induced by avariety of non-electric field biol0gical 0r environmental
Parameters.
Besides reviewing the publications on individual studiesof the biologicar effects of power frequency electric fields,seventeen pubrications of a broader nature vrere also reviewedfor this program.
s-3
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The conclusions of a1l but one of these seventeen survey
or review articles or books were that there is little likeli-
hood that present fields from power lines are hazardous, aI-
though nearly all authors clearly state that additional studies
are required before the matter can be put to rest. The one
publication which takes the converse position i.s a
paper by L. Young.
OTHER ISSUES OF NOTE
During the course of this review, several issues surfaced
which are of less direct interest to the major emphasis of the
program, but which are of sufficient note to be included in
this document.
Progress in the Physics of Interaction of Electric Field
Environments With Biological Systems
Although this area was not examined in depth, the several
consequential developments included:
1. The development of uniform measurement procedures
for the electric fields beneath Power lines or in
laboratory simulators ;
2. The discovery that animals can perceive the pres-
ence of electric fields by hair or feather mechan-
ical movement via electric field forces; and
3. Ihe realization that more 60 Hertz body currenE is
experienced by hr::nans when touching readily avail-
able household aPPliances than by standing in the
fields produced by nearby EHV transmission lines.
Spark Discharge
This review identified numerous studies in which short-
duration electrical shocks in the absence of electric fields
were used to study behavioral and physiological responses.
Where such shocks were rePeated over prolonged periods, Severe
physiological effects were observed. Since several studies
concerning the effects of electric fields, notably on mice,
s-4
also inadvertently inc.luded a proronged. series of shocks, the
reported positive effects more likely ar-ose from the inadvertent
shock discharges than from the electric field.
Triglvcerides
An early preliminary study conducted on a very small number
of human subjects exposed to magnetic fields in the order of I Gat 45 Hz developed resurts which caused a concern that the ex-posure to magnetic fields could increase triglyeeride levels in
humans. However, the review of seven subsequent studies, sever-
al of which are quite definitive, clearly establishes the absenceof such an effect.
Terminology Difficulties
To avoid further confusion, it seemed. desirable to avoid
the use of the term "dosimetry" to cover the topic, ',Electric
Field Measurements and rnteraetions with Biologieal systems.,'
rn the case of ELF electric or magnetic field interactions,
there is no physical evidence to support the concept that the
biological effect is proportional to the product of the time-duration of the exposure and field intensity. Further, the
electric field interaction of ELF is considerably different
than that experienced under ionizing or microwave irradiation
conditions
Inadequac of a Simple Electric Field Effects Criterion
This review reconfirmed that considerable inaccuracies
existed in trying to use the electric field as the sole evalua-
tion criterion. Principal errors using this simple criterion
arise because the induced current is a function of the geometry
and size of a subject, as well as the type of media in which
the subject is imrnersed. A more useful criterion would be the
current density and electric field internal to test subjects.
Limits on FieId Intensity Exposure
In conducting the review, it was
fusi-on existed about the applicability
apparent that some con-
of existing safety
s-5
o
st"r,a.=as for electric and magnetic fields and body currents.
In one case, it was suggested that the maximum al1owab1e field
intensities associated with microwave irradiation be automati-
cal1y extended into the ELF region. However, papers are cited
which show that this is scientifically inappropriate because of
the frequency/wavelength dependence of the electromagnetic
coupling.
Maximr:^ur allowable 60-Hz field intensities in the order of
150 V/m were also suggested as a standard. However, such low-
intensity fields produce body currents which are orders of magni-
tude below those produced when a person contacts a household
appliance or is perhaps undergoing some electromedical treatment.
Vibration and Sound
Vibrational perception thresholds were identified which are
close to the reported vibration Ievels experienced by test ani-
mals exposed to electric fields. In one notable case, the
reported posiEive effects were attributed to the electric fieId,
although the animal subjects also experienced vibrational levels
near perception. One important study identified, in anecdotal
fashion, the extreme difficulty in suppressing acoustical and
vibrational clues. This is of special importance when inter-
preting the results of behavioral and nervous system studies.
Cardiac Pacemakers
The results of a recent study indicated that electric and
magnetic fields from overhead transmission and distribution
lines are not a problem for the vast majority of patients with
implanted cardiac pacemakers. However, pacemaker operation can
be non-hazardously modified by pickup from fields from almost
all classes of transmission lines in certain rare instances
where a very sensitive pacemaker model is implanted with an
uncortrnon lead configuration. On the other hand, a much higher
percentage of petients may experience this same non-hazardous
pacemaker modification through direct contact with electric
household appliances or manufacturing equipment.
s-5
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I
I
I
f
APPENDIX A
ABSTRACTS OF REVIEW OR SURVEY ARTICLES ON
THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF POWER FREQUENCY ELECTRIC FIELDS
This appendix contains abstracts of the seventeen "re-
view or survey articles" Ehat \,vere discussed briefly and sum-
marized in tabular form in Section 2 of the body of this
state-of-the-art review. The abstracts are arranged in alpha-
betical order by author.
ADEY, W.R. and S.M. BAWIN
"Brain Interactions with Weak Electric and MagneticFields. " Neurosciences Research Program Bulletin 15,No. 1 (Jan
This particular issue is a sunmary of the NRP Work Session
that was held November 10-12, L974, as updated by the various
participants. Although not intended to be a survey, it does
provid.e an excellent introduction to the area of weak electric
and magnetic field effects, such as might affect behavior and
circadian rhythms. Specifically of interest are the bio-effects
as sumrnarized by the various experts in the meeting on electro-
magnetic sensing, orientation, behavior, and circadian rhythms.
The principal responses exist primarily in the brain wave below
LZ-Hz region. A great deal of discussion is also devoted to
the biophysics aspects, in which there are molecular and tissue
interactions with eleetromagnetic fields, as well as dosimetry
problem areas. Considerable information is also included on
microwave responses.
ARNAEZ, R.C.
I
t
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t
II
"Los TrabajosEIectrico. "International
Risks Due to
en Tension en Ia Problematica del Campo
Presented at the Third Colloquium of the
Section of the ISSA for the Prevention of
Electricity, held--Tn Marbella, Spain , L975
i!ufi
Ir
I
ilThis study, the original of which was in Spanish, addresses
the problem of the contradictory results noted by the Soviets and
A-I
Spanish on switchyard workers, which indicated a possible
positive effect of electric fields, and the negative results
noted by American researchers, principally Kouwenhoven and
Knickerbocker. Arnaez attempts to resolve this contradiction
by saying that the noxious effects of electric fields on the
human body occur only under certain conditions or combinations
of gradient values as well as duration of exposures. However,
he states that the noxious actions are not truly serious and
disappear rapidly. He contends that setting up a standard of
prevention of these actions does not appear to be difficult to
accomplish, and with it, the situation of sensational publica-
tions in j ournals and reviews can be avoided. He decries the
exaggerated interpretations of real data, and the inaccurate
use of the label "the contamination of high voltages. "
ATOIAN, J.E.
"Are There Biological and Psychological Effects Due to
Extra Hieh Voltage Installations?" Presented at the
L977 IEEE Eower EnEineerin in
=911, Paper no.
F 77-L95-L.
This paper considers the recently aroused interest in the
possibility of environmental pollution by EHV installations,
and whether they have any biological and psychological effects.
Recent electrical, medical, and psychological research papers
are reviewed and the results analyzed. Some 72 references are
provided, which appear to be current through mid-L975. l'fuch
of the material, and many of the illustrations, were drawn from
a previous review, sponsored by EPRI, Project RP3BI-1, entitled
"Biological Effects of Electric Fields" (Bridges L975). Some
additional vievrpoints are included, such as comparison of trans-
mission line accident hazard rates with those of superhighways,
The conclusion of this review is as follows:
Based on materials presented, it is evident that the
bulk of the field investigations and laboratory re-
sults tend to suggest that, up to now, there is no
A-2
conclusive evidence s-upporting the hypothesis Lhatthere miglt pr.:igniiicant long-rerm biorogical andpsychologiear ilr-effeclr-tio*-"il= high vorrageinstallations using ifr" -pr""""t-""**ercial
frequen_cies, 15-60 Hz. gi no mLans is it concluded that nofurther investigation:.ar9 required, oD irr"-"o"trary--the need for an inrerdiseipli;;;; approach is becomingmore clear__the need of. briJ!i;;, rh".;;t-u"ti,"I. thesciences, .medicar, psychorogl""i, environmentar, andphvsical (enginee=iirei, i;-ErJli'to berrer undersrandand assess the rimitS'of rti.r"- rrro* much EHV-voltageand fields can be increased without causing biorogi-cal effeers?).. Bur, rhere ";;;;i;iy-i;"rr-;"riii""r.aneed for-grash programs, nor foi-pubric concern re-garding presenr or pranned institiations.
BONNEVILLE POI,JER ADMINISTRATION
'.'Electrical Effects ofinternally funded ,ork
This report covers the
Transmission Lines.',(15 Seprember L975).
A report on
general effects of transmission lines,including acousticar noise, rad.io frequency interference, andozone.It contains a sunmarv of field effects, which includes
Meeting in New yoino. F--77 -256-L
induced field effects and effects on prants, as welr as the d.irecteffects on biological systems.
specific concrusions about the rong_term effects of elec_tric fields are as follows:
As yet, the experimentar investi gations are inconcru_sive as to the- possibre "*irtu""E*r"a significance ofeffects on org"nis*s exposed to electric fields undertransmission lines.
currentry, much research is under way on the biorogi-cal effects of, electri-c fierJ.---ior" information is9:ilg sought ro clarify "o"t="ai"Iory o, inconerusi.vefindings ieported by various researchers.
BRIDGES, J. E.
"Environmental considerations concerning the BiorogicalEII:::: gr foler lr:g"ilsy al0-;;";b"H;5 Erectric Fierds.,,]IOS.Presented ar rhe riri-iEii i.r.i'siliiilurirre sociery winrerF+B+,ll.y"y vo
This paper provides a
1-ogical effects of electric
survey of the literature on the bio_
fields, up through early L975. It
A-3
documents the need to place ad.equate emphasis on all like1y
environmental influences during the conduct of research studies
for the subsequent interpretation of the liLerature. This
point of view is emphasized by comparing the research results
of Soviet and Western workers, particularly tests conducted
on switchyard workers or linemen. Fifty-six references are
cited. Much of the basic material was drawn from the final
report on EPRI Project RP-381-1, although additional refer-
ences are provided.
The author concludes the following:
The results of the comprehensive literature survey
regarding the effects of HVAC electric fields fromexisting power lines on humans disclosed an apparent
contradiction. The results of Soviet and Spanish
studies showed undesirable effects on humans, whereas
American and other European results indicated no harm-
ful effects. This contradiction may be explained by
noting that the positive results reported by the
Soviets and Spanish only occurred for complex switch-
yard environments, whereas the negative results re-
ported by American and other European workers apPly
to the simpler transmission line environments.
A further review of the literature indicated that
numerous related studies have failed to consider the
total environment. Ihis neglect presents a major
obstacle in trying to use the resulLs of these
studies. Clearly, one must be able to distinguish
which of the observed effects are reaIly the results
of transmission line fields, and which are due to
other ent,ironments. Further studies must include
a more holistic approach if any degree of produc-
tivity is to be realized.
CABANES, J.
"Effects of Electric and
and in Particular on Man.
Special Issue (July L976)
This review is of interest because a number of European
articles are discussed which are not generally available in the
United States. This author also critically compares the research
results of the Soviets versus the results obtained in the United
States and l^trestern Europe. In particular, he emphasizes the facE
Magnetic Fields on Living Organisms
" -Revue Generale de L'Electricite
r
t LJ -V.
A-4
that, while the Russians report functional disturbances, they
seldom indicate the precise manner or procedure employed during
the clinical or experimental study. On the other hand, he
points out that in the case of a number of Western studies,
where the procedure was quite controlled, the number of sub-
jects was often limited to only a few dozen, at the most, which
makes it difficult to interpret the results. He also points
out that in the case of epidemiological studies, data relative
to exposure levels and periods were not included. The bibli-
ography includes 145 references.
He concludes:
I.rIe could bring this study to an end in saying thatthe possible effect of electrical fields has alreadygiven rise to a large number of studies. 0n the
whol.e, the observed physiological or biological facts
seem to be ineonsistent, unimportant, reversible,
and unable to cause pathological effects.
Numerous points, however, deserve to be specified:(1) explain the incongruity among the various re-search; (2) specify certain effects by means of re-search involving a larger number of subjects, andlasting for a longer time; (3) a study of a long-
term effect as tar as physical, as well as genetic,
systems are eoncerned; (4) try, at last, to better
understand how a very-little energizing, physical
phenomenon can lead to changes of important physio-
logical and biological constants irr living organi sms.
COI'MITTEE ON BIOSPHERE EFFECTS OF ELF MDIATION
Biologic Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields Asso-
ciated With Project Seafarer. Washington, D.C.: National
This work was performed pursuant to Contract N000L4-75-
C0258. The report summarizes the findings of the Committee on
Biosphere Effects of ELF. The objectives were, (l) ro assess
the adequacy of existing data as a basis for determining bio-
Iogical and ecologi-cal effects due to Seafarer; (2) to identify
NEft-J
th'e effects, if &Dy, that may be of major concern; and (3) to
identify critical inadequacies in the available data and to
suggest research projects designed to produce needed data.
Some L7 specialists in biology, zooLogy, medicine, and elee-
trical engineering participated on the Conrnittee, and they
were supported by some 38 outside consultants. Specifically
addressed is the biological impact of Seafarer fields in the
order of a few tenths of a gauss magnetic field, and electrical
field intensities in the order of 10 V/m or less. Owing to the
presence of the time-varying magnetic field, direct earth con-
duction shock effects on biological systems are also considered.
The total number of references cited exceeds 400, but considera-
b1e suplications exist because each section's references are
kept separate.
A11 of the published data available were reviewed, in-
cluding reports of both negative and positive findings, and
works judged to be conducted on a firm scientifie bases, as
well as those which, 3t best, could be considered only pilot
or brief investigations.
Some 14 pages of carefully worded conclusions and findings
are presented, and these should be referred to directly by those
who have a major interest in this particular area. Briefly, the
conclusions are as follows: the Committee found no basis for
the possibility of any adverse effects on genetics, fertility,
growth and development, human serum triglyceride concentrations,
circadian rhythms, behavior (vrith some exceptions) , mammalian neu-
rophysiology and behavior, ecology, plants, and some organisms.
The Committee did recommend substantial design changes
in the Seafarer antenna system which would minimize a highly
improbable, though possible, direct conduction shock via the
horizontal electric fields in the ground. They eualify their
reeofitmendations to include continued research in the areas of
A-6
Uiopf,y.ics, physiology of magnetic and electric field detec-
tion, and studies related to the behavior of birds, insects,
bacteria, and electrosensitive fish. Further research on the
underlying mec.hanisms of cell division and information processing
and integration in complex nervous systems, is also reconnnended.
Suurnarizing its position, the Committee made the following
statement:
Recognizing the limit of its charge, the Committee
makes no recommendation as to whether the Seafarer
antenna should be constructed. It will be up to the
citizens and the government of the United States to
consider the cost, risks, and benefits associated
with the Seafarer System. The Committee's charge was
to identify and evaluate Possible biological effects.
On the basis of the information available, the Committee
concludes that, exeept for possible electric shock
hazards, the likelihood of serious adverse biologic
effects of Seafarer is very small. In any case, it
is appropriate to recall here that the Navy Presenta-tion at the Committee's first meeting (February 11,
L966) included a pledge that, 'if a functioning
Seafarer antenna were found to have deleterious ef-
fects, its operation would be discontinued. '
JANES, D.
"Background Information on High Voltage Field.s. " Prepared
for the Subgroup on Physical Factors, Second Task Force on
Research Plinning in Environmental Health Science.s ('Iune
L976). To be puElished in Environmental Health Perspectives
by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.
This paper, developed by the staff at EPA, summarizes con-
cisely the general problem areas associated with high voltage
transmission 1ines, including ozone, audible noise, radio noiSe,
electric field induction, and direct electromagnetic effects on
biological systems. Some 57 referenees are mentioned. In the
biological area, the Soviet results are compared with those found
for western research workers.
The summary states as follows:
some have questioned if our knowledge of biological
effects of electric fields in operating experience
with lower voltage lines aTe adLquate for predicting
A-7
o
the possible health and environmental effects of
""t'^,highvoltagelines.ResearchinWesternEurope ana trr. uilited states has not identified
any ,"rrt.-oi prompt effects other than -spark and
eleetric discirargL, and no primitive effects. Ef-
fects ".r"h as exEiiability, headaches, dr-owsiness,
fatigue, -rrrJ nausea have been reported for workers
in the soviet and spanish high voltage switch yards.
However, these effetts are not seen in workers who
perforn', maintenance on Soviet extra- high voltage
transmission lines, and hence, may be due to a unl-que
switch yard environment, rather than exPgsure Eo in-
tense .iectric fields. The research needed to re-
solvethisandotherquesEionsisnowunderwayorpi"nnea. Existing manpower resources should be ade-
quate to eover pt",.,,i'research needs' unless subtle'
long-te:* effects at ielatively low field strength
are uncovered.
KORNBERG, H.A.
The conclusions are as follows:
It seems that whenever positive results are noted '
they can be .r"riil"a io'factors other than the elec-
rrie fierd. il;;-oir"pring of exposed animals showed
decreased growth rate,-co"id have-been due to dif-
ferences i.r r"I.r-"r"if"Ui1ity--and temperature' That
research on frrr*r" subj ects in Western Europe- and. the
U.S. cannot tJpt"a""e-the syndrome reported by th9
ussR, suggesr;';;;;-ir"ror"- orher than the electric
f ield o,a!-b" resPonsible '
Fields. " Rewue Generale(l;rt-LslOW
Thebiologicaleffeetsofpowerfrequencyelectricand
magnetic fields, 3s d'eveloped primarily by research in the
United States, are reviewed. The resulLs of Some 52 efforts
are presented in tabular form, and compared in several asPects
with selected European and soviet research results ' In addi-
tion, a suu.rnary of current research sPonsored by the Electric
Power Research InStitute in the united states, is also Pre-
sented.
cts of Electric
. Special Issueiological Effe
L'Electricite
ttB
de
A-B
LEARDINI, T.
"Unipede Report on Effect of AC Electric Fields on Human
Beings and Animals.'! A paper Presented at the IERE Meeting
in Tokyo, Japan (May 14-19, L975); and at the Eighth Annual
Meeting of the International ElecLric Research Exchange in
Palo Alto, California (September L4'L6, L976).
This survey paPer, which essentially updates a previous
review made about a year earlier, provides a concise review of
most of the biological research currently being conducted in
Western Europe. These current results are placed in perspective
witl-r some of the past findings found by Soviet and American re-
search rvorkers. Twenty-one references are cited.
The conclusions are:
From a general survey of existing lit-erature and,
from th; ana.lysis of the studies so far carried out,
it appears thit the effects of the elpgsure to high
voltage ac electric fields on human beings and ani-
mals Itu, if any, very weak, and therefore, often
overshadowed by- other environmental factors ' In
planning futurl research programs in this area, the
utmost attention should be put into the follovring
aspects: the interdisciplinary nature (biology,,
engineering, and physics) of the probl"., which in-
clf,des the-biological protocol and primary- electro-
magnetie environment, aS well as other influences,
rr-tEh as snall arc self <iischarge, acoustical noise,
ozone, light, heat, humidity, and- so-on; the geometry
of the biSsystem under test, which plays a major role
in determining field enhancements and current density
distributionsl the influence on exposure of leads
over rnetallic implants, for instance, during EEG or
ECG recording; ti-re field simulation (adequate sePara-
rion should 6" prorided between field-inducir'tg FIates),and the field mLasurement and control during laboratory
tests. The lack of appreciation of some of the above-
mentioned aspects may- te the reason for the differences
between the various test results.
MORGAN, M. & SHAH, K.R.
"EHV and the Environment: The Tip of the lceberg?"
"EHV and the EnvironmenE: An Engineering Guide."
rlectric iignE--ana power T/D Ed.iEion (Au[ust L974) -
This paper summarizes many of the controversies associated
with the EIIV transmission lines, includ.ing aesthetics, radio and
A-9
teievision noise, acoustical noise, induced shocks, and ozone, aS
well as electric and magnetic field effects. The first half of
this paper essentially consisEs of capsule summaries of inter-
views with various experEs in the area, This is, however, a
valuable reference for anyone interested in becoming acquainted
with all the technological effects associated with high voltage
transmission lines. The second half of the paper describes
methods to control the acoustical noise, field gradient and
ground level, radio interference, and inaudible noise. This
latter half provides a very good, easily readable introduction
to tliose concerned with mitigating electric field corona and
coupling power transmission line problems. Twenty-five refer-
ences are cited.
NAVAL ELECTRONICS SYSTE},I CO1'O4AND
"Seafarer ELF Cournunication Systems Draft Environmental
Impact Statement for Site Selection and Test 0perations. "
(FLbruary L977), Appendix E, Biological and Ecological
Information.
This documenE is part of the much larger grouP of documents
which concern the environmenEal impact of the Seafarer ELF
Communications System. Specifically addressed are Ehe electric
and magnetic fields relevant to Seafarer, including frequencies
of 0-300 Hz, and electric and magnetic field strengths uP to
100 V/m and 20 G, respectively. The reported research includes
a survey of scientific research which is well based, as well as
research results which apparently are preliminary or tentative.
In addition to pure field effects, some asPecEs of conduction
and medical electronics are also considered. Persons interested
in transmission-line field effects will find this docr:ment of
interest because of its very thorough treatment of magneEic
fiel-d effects at power frequencies, and because Some purely
electric field studies at intensities much higher Ehan those
intended for Seafarer are also considered. Three hundred refer-
ences are noted.
A-IO
r-t\/
I
I
hrhile detailed conclusions are presented, the general con-
clusions are as follows:
Although research to date dcjes indicate the existence
of som6 rather diverse and subtle effects associated
with particular types of ELF exPosures, no- signifi-
cant id.r.tte biological effect has been substantiated,
or is considered piobable from Seafarer_System Opgfa-
tion. On the basis of the review of evidence avail-
able, it is concluded that:
No significant adverse effects on human health or
perfolmance associated with Seafarer exPosures has
been Predicted or substantiated;
No significant adverse effect on human ability- to
use t[e environment for livelihood has been substan-
tiated;
No signifieant adverse effect on human ability- to
use t[e environment for recreation has been substan-
tiated;
Research to date indicates it is highly improbable
that Seafarer Operation ivi1l produce significant
and long-lasting biological or _ecologicaI. effects
detrimental to Ehu posEerity of the earth's bio-
logical systems.
PHILLIPS , R.D. & KAUNE, 1^I. P .
,'Biological Effects of Statis and Low Frequency Electro-
magnetic Fields: An Overview of United Siates Literature."
BatteIIe Northwest Laboratories, R'eport BNWL-2262' UC-41
(Apri1 L97_7) .
Some lo0 publications are considered in this short' overview
of United States literature, and this review aPPears to be cur-
rent through early Lg77. Most of the studies considered are
concisely reported without extensive critiques. Useful sum-
maries of the research are Presented in tabular fornr on the
basis of physiology, growth and development, behavior' and
biochemical considerations.
The conclusions aTe as follows:
Based on a long history of experience with electric
field,s by the iltility industrr, it apPears that
intermittent ,nJ t"plated exposure to strong 60-Hz
A-11
'/ (
electromagnetic fields from present por,Jer trans-
mission systems have no obvious adverse effect onthe health of man. It has been recognized recentlythat this belief must be tested by carefully de-
signed and executed experiments under laboratoryconditions where precise control can be exercisedover coexisting environmental factors. A numberof studies have been initiated in response to this
need to evaluate possible effects from both aeute
and chronic exposures.
Considerably more attention needs to be paid in
fuEure studies to the details of the interaction
of an animal and its environment with applied elec-tric fields...'the possibility of transient dis-
charges between an animal and its watering system
has existed in many past studies. . . animal exposure
systems must be carefully designed and surveyed toinsure that they are free from corona discharge and
ozone formation. . . 'finally, one must be alert to thepossibility of stress-induced biological effects dueto hair stimulation or other forms of electric fieldperception; the mechanisms of these phenomena andtheir physiological effects have yet to be fu1ly
elucidated.
REITER, R. & LOTT, J.R.
"Biological Effects of EIectric, Magnetic and Electromag-
netic Fields." Biorneteorology 6 supplement to Int. J.
Biometeorology 1
This short paper presents the impressions of the chairman
and co-chairman of a European group concerned wich biological
effects of electromagnetic fields Twelve scientific papers
and resulting discussions, 4s they were presented at the 7th
International Biometeorologieal Congress held in August, 1975,
in Maryland, are reviewed along with the reviewer experiences
and contacts in this
need to artifieially
area. Addressed in this review are: the
generate atmospheric electrical fields in
well-shielded buildinBs, the danger of possible biological ef-
fects associated with high-voltage overhead power lines, the
use of alternating ele'ctric f ields for therapeutic purposes,
and the possible use of atmospheric electrical factors to in-
fluence human behavior.
A-I2
--v-
t
I
I
The authors sunrnarized the pertinent state of knowledge
as follows:
There can be no doubt that during the past years,
considerable progress \.'ras made regarding !b9 eluci--
dation, delimitaEion, and scientific establishing of
the biological effects of electric, magnetic, atq
-electroma[netic fields, triIe presently can saY, with
-sufficienE certainty, that biological effects of such
factors do indeed occur; but, &s in the past, it is
still rather likely that in the context of all other
factors of human environments, they Play a more or
less peripheral part and ean be clearly determined
only if the othei more prominent environmental fac-
tor! are eliminated or kept constant. Nevertheless,
the practical importance of effective aturospheric
electrical factors must not be overlooked or under-
estimated.
Closely eonnected therewith is the question of pos-
sible practical application of the results. In this
respect, however, - the utmost discretion is to be
r""b**.tded, especially until such time as the fu1l
importance of these effects is determined. A11 pos-
siLle negative conseguences are knovm, and the chain
of caus"Iion is clarified. From this asPect, it
would aPPear premature at this time to attemPt a
final answer as to any possible adverse effects of
high-power 1ines. With- utmost restraint, the question
whEthbr, and to what extent, such effects exist,
should rather be left oPen.
0nce more, we must point out the outsLanding im-
portance of eliminating all interfering. factors.
Statements, reports, "id publications should not be
limited to.saying that interference or competing
factors had been-he1d constanE. Instead, one
should state exactly what maximum fluctuations the
interfering factors were allowed to have, or, beL-
ter still,-diagrams of the behavior of all inter-
fering factors-should be presented.
Extreme eaution should be applied in the performance
of group experiments. ft wiit be necessqy to demon-
strite that- the ingerfering factors, such as temPera-
ture, humidity, heat radiaEion, noise Ievel, etc"
were identic"i'it each case within the test experi-
ments and within the comparative experiments '
Utmost care should be exercised in insuring tlat
different .o.taiiio.r" did not exist with regard to
aerosol composition, trace gases, and aLT ions'
Electric fiLtas may change Ihe ion compositicn'
A-13
o
or, if irigher fie-Id strengths are applied, ions,
!fac9_gases, or also aerosols may bL-generated.Significant measurements should 6" prEr"nted todemonstrate that interfering effects by thesefaetors may be excluded.,
ROYAL SWEDISH ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES
"Biological Effects of Erectromagnetic Fields. " The re_port of a committee of the SwediSh Aeademy oi'rnginu"ii.,gsciencesj ^_Ilgenj orsvetenskapsakademien.' stoctcrr5tm, sre3"n(5 June L974). English tranilation available BpA SDI No.420L0.
I,rrhile this study is purpo.rted to survey the broad range ofeffects from 0 to 3000 GHz, the prime emphasis is on radio and
microwave effects. Elementary material on microwave dosimetry
and other coupling modes is presented. ELF bioeffects are
briefly considered. About 2Oo references are noted, about one-
third of which may be related to ELF bioeffects problems.
From the limited review in the ELF area, the authors note :
Severar investigations of the effect on man of erec-tric fierds from transmitter and power lines have beenmade. No statisticarly significant effect eourd befound in spite of, at ti*"E, very intense fields.
SHEPPARD, A.R. & EISENBUD, M.
P*_logig"r Effecrs of Electric and Magnetic Field.s ofyoik:
r\ew york University press, L977 ,
This reference text, which is probably the first of its
kind appearing in the English literature, provides an excellent
suflnary of past work, and also so organLzes the material
that an excellent introduction into this particular subject area
is provided. slightly less than half of the text space is de-
voted to the discussion of the environment and electromagnetic
coupling phenomena. The latter half of the book is devoted to
a critical review of the literature available up until early
L976. This book is also noteworthy for its completeness and
A-14
("\
authors oft"t regard
satisfactory qualitY
sake of comPleteness
references are cited
This paper takes a
search results and is,
earlier publication on
an addendum to L.B. Young's
of the environmental imPaet
Young and Young claim there
38
of electrical transmission lines
Young and Young correctly
state-of-the-art, as it existed
bbJectivicy, because research rePorts are included that the
as overly speculative or of less than
However, these are included for the
and objectivity. A total of nearly 400
separately, but with some duplication.
In the foreword, the authors conclude the following:
It woulci have been satisfying to be able to state
that this review, which cbveis several hundred pqb-
lcations from many countries and from journals of
many disciplines, enables one to describe exactly
ind'unequivoeally, the health implications of human
."porrrr6 to low-frequency electrit and magnetic fields
Regrettably, this is not Possible: there is no evi-
deice that ihe public health or ecological sy9!9m?
have been jeopaidized in the slightest by artificial
electromagietic f ields. But, there ar-e stilI stones
unturned,"and additional studies must be undertaken
before it witl be possible to state with finality
that the matter is closed
YOUNG L.B & YOI]NG H. P.
" Bulletin of the"Pollution by Electrical Transmission
Atomic Scientist (December L974), 34-
strong position based on selected re-
in essence,
the subj ect
aTe two important health hazards associated with transmission
Iines: the air pollution resulting from chemical reactions
that take place in the corona discharge, and electromagnetic
effec ts particularly those arising from the strong electric
field that exists in the vicinity of these lines. (Reviewer's
note: the subject of chemical pollution by electrical Eransmis-
sion Seems to be a dead issue now. For example, See the results
of an evaluation of this subject in "Coupting and Corona Effects
Research Plan for EHV Transmission Lines, " Bridges L976.)
point out deficiencies in the
up through mid-L974, citing
A- I5
t f?"f" of data on exposure of pregnant and developing animals '
and certain 'deficiencies in the epidemiological stuciies con-
ducted in the West. However, some inaccuracies are Presented
whichsuggestthatthevolt,agegradientatgroundlevelmight
be as high as 50,000 V/m under a 765-kv line. The findings of
the soviets regarding the effects of the switchyard environ-
mentsonswitchyardpersonnelarecitedEosuggestthatelec.
tric fields beneath Power lines constitute a potential health
hazard.ThePotentialeffectsofelectricfieldsfromPower
Iines on patients with implanted cardiac pacemakers are also
mentionedasrequiringinvestigation.SomeofthemoreSpecu-
larive theories concerning possible biological effects which are
both non-ionizing and non-thermal aTe also mentioned' In this
instance they assert that a number of laboratory experiments
conducted in the United States have demonstrated that biological
thresholdsandtrigger-tyPeresPonsesoccurintherangeof
fieldgradientscreatedbythehighervoltagelines.However,
referencestosuchexperimentsarenotprovided.onlyl-Tref-
erencesarecited'andanumberofthesearenotdirect1y
concerned with biological effects '
YoungandYoungtakeastrongposiEionregardingtheSo.
calIed alleged electrical effects as follows:
science makes it possible for us to anticipate prob-
IemsratherthanrelyingoncorrectingdarrageafLerit has happened. i;';iE*-ot tt," research resulEs,
which strongly ,rgi;rt-ifrat long-term damage does occur
from exposure ro hi;;""i""iri".ii"ldt, it would be more
prudent'and more "of,riderate
ot-ttrr*rt values to see thaE
rhese hazards are;;;;;;iir-1"a impartially studied be-
fore any more of d]".-Uig'1i''"'-ti"-U"i1t' and energized'
A- l6