HomeMy WebLinkAbout1.0 ApplicationTO: Garfield County
Planning Department Date: 2-8-78
ATTACHMENT # 3
Grizzly Creek Water Rights,
Holders and Historic Use
Concerning the possible impact of the project on the water available
to other local users, CF&I controls water rights totaling 11,8 cfs which
can be diverted from Broken Rib Creek and Coffeepot spring via the
Coffeepot Ditch. The actual maximum anticipated diversion in order to
supply 150,000 gallons of water per day to the project (using a 35 percent
evaporation and seepage loss) would be 0.36 sec. ft. With an average daily
usage of 100,000 gallons, the total annual consumption would be about 75 -
acre feet.
Broken Rib Creek is tributary to Grizzly Creek and No Name creeks which
supply water to the City of Glenwood Springs. Thus, Broken Rib water
diversions significantly greater than in recent years could possibly
diminish the available Glenwood water. Although water rights using the
Coffeepot Ditch can theoretically divert 11.8 cfs, historically, an
average of 1.0 cfs and a maximum of 2.0 cfs has been used. CF&I proposes to
add 0.36 cfs to this for project water. slater from Coffeepot spring in
the amount of 0.7 cfs is included in the 11.8 cfs quantity. This spring
is not tributary to Grizzly Creek.
Information obtained from the Division Engineer's office shows that
Robert Scarrow et al. has decreed 11.1 sec. ft. of water from Broken Rib
Creek and 0.7 sec. ft. from Coffeepot spring with priority numbers from
244 to 386. This is the only decreed water from these sources. The water
is under option to CF&I.
On Grizzly and No Name creeks, the Glenwood Light & plater Co. has
decreed 20.0 cfs with priorities of 1D and 20. G.E. Hammons has decreed
0.5 cfs via the Broughton #1 and 2 ditches with priority numbers 170 and
175. In the years 1971 through 1976, the Broughton Ditch diverted an
average of 0.8 cfs with a maximum of 1.0 cfs in 1974 and 75. There were
no records for prior years. There was no record of the exact amount taken
by Glenwood Light & Water.
Summarizing the preceeding information, there would appear to be no
possible threat to the amount of water available from Grizzly and No Name
creeks for the following reasons:
The amount of water which the quarry requires will be only 0.36
cfs which is only a small fraction of the historic use and
availability.
All of the water rights on Grizzly and No Name creeks are senior the
Broken Rib rights.
Sufficient water would probably be available from the 0.7 cfs right
on Coffeepot spring which is not tributary to Grizzly Creek.
All of the records indicate that there is ample water available to
satisfy the present users and there has never been a call on any of
the sources involved.
TO: Garfield County
Planning Department
ATTACHMENT # 5
Effect of Blasting on Caves
Date: 2-878
DOTSERO ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
APPENDIX
EXHIBIT B
SEISMIC TESTS
On August 19, 1977, a production scale test blast was made at the proposed
quarry site for the purpose of monitoring ground vibrations in the sur-
rounding area. A specific interest and goal was to check the blast effects
in the areas of nearby known cave formations.
To perform this test six in.(6)diameter rotary, blast holes were sunk to a
normal blast hole depth of 33 feet and loaded with a normal charge
of #250 of ammonium nitrate blasting agent. The total charge of 1500#
was detonated instantaneously. In production blasting, this is about an
average charge that would be detonated instantaneously. In this blasting
larger overall explosive amounts are used but sequenced delays are used
so that regardless of the total size of the shot, the ground vibr-,ition
effects are limited to that of the largest instantaneous detonated charge.
(USBM Sul. 656) .
Briefly, the test showed that the maximum particle velocity at any of the
three cave sites tested (20# Tic, Groaning, Cattle Guard)was .012"/sec at
Cattle Guard Cave. The U.S. Bureau of (lines uses .05"/sec as the per-
ception threshold, 1"/sec as the possible damage threshold, and 4"/sec as
the minor damage threshold.
The results of this test were in agreement with a test performed
September 11, 1975, on an actual production blast at CF&I's Monarch
Limestone Quarry where underground mine workings 3,250 feet (0.6 mile)
from the shot were similarly instrumented. This was a 9,060 -pound charge
shot in two 4,530 -pound increments with a 17 -millisecond delay. The
peak particle velocity recorded here was .032"/sec. Results from both
of these tests show that the blast vibrations at the known cave sites will
be well below a magnitude which could cause structural damage.
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J.Geophysics
Corporotion
MICRO GEOPHYSICS CORPORATION • 15400 W. 44th AVE., P.O. BOX 1106 • GOLDEN, COLORADO 80401 • 303-279-0226
Curtis Miller
CF&r Steel Corporation
1507 Park Avenue
Canyon City, Colorado
81212
November 14, 1977
Subject: Results of Blast Monitoring,
Dotsero, 19 August 1977
Curt,
As per our letter proposal of 8 July and subse-
quent communications, MicroGeophysics has completed the
program of monitoring ground vibration induced by a test
shot at the proposed CF&I limestone quarry near Dotsero,
Colorado. We respectfully submit the following letter
report based on fieldwork and analysis conducted by
D. L. Butler and L. H. Kumamoto.
Our instrumentalobservations at six monitoring
sites show that:
i) At Cattle Guard Cave, the site most
distant from the quarry, maximum
ground acceleration from the test
shot was less than 0.0035g with
corresponding maximum particle
velocity less than 0.012 in/sec
Cfor l2hz).
ii) At Groaning Cave, maximum particle
velocity was less than 0.05 in/sec
and probably less than 0.013 in/sec.
(Due to a delay of approximately
3 minutes in shooting, two separate
rolls of recording paper were used
and as neither the air nor grol.-.nd
vibrations were perceived, it is
uncertain whether the instrument
was operating at shot time.) The
first value is the limit of human
perception and the latter the
limit of instrument detection.
iii) At Twenty Pound Tick Cave, the
maximum vertical particle velocity
was 0.003; in/sec and a conserva-
tive estimate of maximum particle
velocity is 0.006 in/sec.
J1[tcno geo)11jes
2
iv) At Site 3, between Groaning Cave
and the shotpoint, the maximum
vertical acceleration was less
than 0.002g (the instrumental
detection threshold) and the
corresponding maximum vertical
particle velocity (assuming 12hz)
less than 0.007 in/sec. A con-
servative estimate of maximum
particle velocity is less than
0.012 in/secs
v) At the rim of the canyon near
BAD and Spinster Caves, the
maximum radial particle velocity
was 0.0024 in/sec and a conserva-
tive estimate of maximum particle
velocity 0.041 in/sec.
vi) At the Pine Tree Site, the sta-
tion nearest the shot, instrument
failure prevented the registration
of a record.
From the above instrumental data and corrobora-
ting evidence from observers' preception, we conclude
that:
i) At all cave sites, the blast induced
ground vibrations were well below
the level of structural safety [U.S.
Bureau of Mines) (2.0 in/sec), well
below the level of probable com-
plaints. (0.2 in/sec), and also well
below the threshold of human per-
ception (0.05 in/sec).
ii) A conservative estimate of maximum
ground motion vs. distance using the
most slowly decaying attenuation factor,
1.1 (from Bollinger, Blast Vibration
Analysis, 1971), suggests that, for
shots with 1500 lb/delay, ground
motion will become perceptible at
4000 ft, and noticeable at 1000 ft.
We find that;
i) Maximum instantaneous particle
velocities resulting from propagating
elastic energy of individual shots of
the sample tost type, do not present
a significant risk of 'structural'
damage at distances to the cave sites.
JUUe10 gcop(iyeS
3
n.b. The standard measures of damage
potential apply to 'structures' and
not cave formations. The effect of
repeated or continual excitations
are also i11 -defined.
ii) However, because predicated ground
motions from 1500 lb/delay shots are
below the threshold of human percep-
tion, a safety factor of 40, and the
structural safety criterion is de-
fined as the level below which 95%
of structures will sustain NO DAMAGE,
it is also improbable that individual,
blasts of this type would constitute
a significant damage potential to
the cave sites.
We therefore recommend that:
ij Future variations in shot designs be
approached using the equation:
Vmax 8.0 [--11_1 -1.1
Where Vmax = maximum expected particle
velocity (in/sec),
D = shotpoint-receiver distance
(ft) ,
and W = maximum charge weight per
delay (lbs) .
ii) Audible and visual indications of
quarrying (both highly dependent
upon weather conditions) are more
likely sources of complaint than
the observed ground vibrations,
care should be exercised in con -
tolling these manifestations.
iii) Future installation of equipment
at distances less than 1000 ft
from a working face may require
further instrumental observations.
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Comparisons. of shot induced particle velocities and those
associated with 'cultural' sources such as traffic, provide a
convenient.qualitative perception scale. Using the Modified
Mercaili Intensity Scale and established relationships between
acceleration and intensity (Appendix A), it may be shown that
the observed vibrations correspond to levels lower than 'vibra-
tion like passing of light trucks' and well below those associ-
ated with. the passage of.a 10 -car freight train at a distance
of one mile.
Estimates of the effects of repeated exposure to vibration
may be made by consideration of Natural Historical Seismicity.
Such an analysis (see Appendix A) reveals that:
i) The cave sites have been exposed to
vibration levelsof up to 0.5 in/sec
(a factor of 10 larger than that of
the test blast at the nearest caves)
at least twice within the last 100
years.
ii) The expected return time for vibra-
tions of the order of or greater
than those observed at the Rim site,
ranges from 1 month to 6 months.
These results indicate that:
i) The present condition of the cave
sites does not reflect a steady state
equilibrium. Natural seismicity has
influenced this state in the near
past (100 years) and can be expected
to continue doing so in the near
future.
ii) As the cave sites have been repeatedly
subjected to vibrations larger than
those related to the shot, the effects
of regularly scheduled blasting with
an upper limit of 1500 lbs/delay will
be less than the effects to be expected
from natural seismicity.
Attached are data sheets and summaries of instrumentation
and data analysis methods.
LoAi‘& //re'
David Butler
Registered Geophysicist
California No. GP 412
L.H. Kumamoto
cAlicko qcop!ijes
Geophysics
Corporation
MICRO GEOPHYSICS CORPORATION • 15400 W. 44th AVE., P.O. BOX 1106 • GOLDEN, COLORADO 80401 • 303.274-0226
THE TEST SHOT OF 19 AUGUST 1977
CF&I DOTSERO LIMESTONE QUARRY
MicroGeophysics Corporation•(MGC) monitored ground
vibrations resulting from the 19 August test shot at six
stations:
i) The 'Pine Tree' site [Observer - C. Miller
(CF&I)/Instrument - RFT 250 Accelerometer.]
on soil at the base of a large tree approxi-
mately 200 ft south of the shot area. (see
Figure 1)
ii) The 'Rim' site [unattended/instrument
MEQ -800B and Geotech S-13 Seismometer[ at
the edge of the Deep Creek Canyon on lime-
stone near BAD and Spinster caves which
appear in the canyon wall. (see Figure 2)
Approximately 3900 ft end of shot.
iii) Site #3 [Observer - Talbert (CF&I)/Instru-
ment - RFT 350 Acceleroineter]on soil at
the intersection of Forest Service Road
600 and Jeep Trail (western quarry access)
in White River National Forest. Approxi-
mately 6200 ft WSW of shotpoint. (This
instrument sustained damage on 18 August
and only the vertical component was
operational.)
iv) 20 Pound Tick Cave [Observer - D. Butler
(MGC)/Instrument - MEQ -800B and L4 -C
Geophone] on limestone at the mouth of
a small rivulet emerging from the cave.
(see Figures 3 & 4) Approximately 9350
ft NE from shot.
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v) Groaning Cave [Observer - L. H. Kumamoto
(MGC)/Instrument - Sinco S-2 Vibration
Monitor] two 3 -component geophone) both
on limestone with one at the mouton of the
cave and on the cliff top 100 ft from
the edge. Approximately 10,000 ft WNW
from the shot.
vi) Cattle Guard Cave [Observer - P. Harness
(MGC)/Instrument -- RFT 350 Accelerometer]
on limestone less than 5 ft from mouth
of cave. Approximately 11,000 ft SW.af
shot.
These stations covered the targets of primary concern,
the local limestone caves. No critical man-made struc-
tures exist within the area of interest. Sketches of
instrument setup are included in the attached notes.
INSTRUMENTATION
The RFT -350 and RFT -250 accelerographs are portable,
3 -component systems with photographic registration of ground
accelerations in the range from 0.001 to 0.25 times the ac-
celeration of gravity. Each torsion fiber sensor is aligned
for sensitvity to motions along orthogonal axes, vertical,
logitudinal and transverse. The individual. accelerometers
have nominal natural frequencies of 12 to 14 hz and damoina
of 0.6 critical. Film recording speeds arc nominally lcr^/se:-._
Acceleration sensitivities are approximately 1.9cm per 1/4 g
for frequencies less than the natural frequency with 12 db/
octave attenuation for higher frequencies. Depending upon
record quality, acceleration measurements may be converted
to,equivalent velocity estimates, by assuming sinusoidal
motion. The record trace conventions are shown in figures
5 and 6. The RFT -350 unit at Site rr3 was dropped down a
hillside and the mounts for the horizontal sensors destroyed.
The vertical component, however, remained operational.
The MEQ -800 recording styst:em consists of a gain -stable
amplifier, and integral timing system, a smoked paper drum
recorder with 0.025 mm stylus width and 120 ,-gym/minute nominal
recording speed. These are single component systems. The
unit at the 'Rim' site was matched with an 5-13, lhz natural
frequency geophone in the horizontal mode with a 100 to 1
attenuator interface. The unit at 20 Pound Tick Cave was
matched with an L4 -C, lhz natural frequency geophone in the
vertical mode with a 50 to 1 attenuator interface. Both of
these combinations provided 60"1 critical damping, and both
MEQ's were operated with a passband flat to particle velocity
from 1 to 50 hz. (Frequencies outside of this range are
attenuated at 12 db/octave). Velocity sensitivities in the
flat portion of the passband are 328 mm/in/sec ('Rim' site
60 db) and 2276 mm/in/sec (20 Pound Tick at 78 db).
6
LA/4e to geop(it s _e,
CAVE AND SITE COORDINATES
STATION LAT (ft) DEP (ft) DELTA (ft) *
Pinetree Site 9,814 9,985 187
Rim Site 13,380 11,987 3,920
Spinster Cave** 12,374 14,245 4,865
BAD** 12,340 14,546 5,115
20 Pound Tick Cave & Site 12,499 15,270 5,830
No. 3 Site 7,933 4,146 6,210
Groaning Cave & Site 14,434 1,123 9,920
Cattle Guard Cave & Site 2,753 18,163 10,915
Blast Site
* From shot point
** Caves but not sites
10,000 10,000
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The Sinco S-2 vibration monitor system consists of
two 3 -component geophones (velocity sensors 4.5 hz
natural frequency). The records are output on direct
write paper through a system flat to particle velocity
from 6 hz to 150 hz. The system was operated at a
velocity sensitivity of 2 in/in/sec (5.1 mm/in/sec)
at a recording speed of 10 in/sec (50 ft/min) .
OPERATIONS
Field preparation for this monitoring program began
on 17 August 1977. Damage to equipment required further
setup time on 18 August, the original target date. Failure
of MGC instrumentation at 20 Pound Tick Cave caused post-
ponement of the 18 August test until the following day.
On the 19th after several hours of delay the shot was
scheduled for 1300 MDT. .Due to a slow fuse, the detona-
tion did not occur until approximately 1303 MDT. Due to
the 3 minute delay, the Groaning Cave site vibration
monitor, which was actuated at minus 1 minute, ran out
of paper. A new roll was installed but it is uncertain
whether the instrument was in operation at the actual
shot time. The MEQ stations both recorded definite
signals; and both RFT 350 instruments recorded for a
full 5 minutes, but did not register signals above the
instrumental detection thresholds. These latter units
do provide upper bounds on ground motion. The near -field
'Pine Tree' site suffered an instrument failure unrelated
to time of shot, a paper feed problem. Here no record
was obtained.
At the 4 manned remote sites (all except the 'Pine
Tree' station) observers did not perceive ground motion.
At sites manned by MGC personnel, observers were uncer-
tain whether the shot had been detonated. The air wave,
if perceived at all, was indistinguishable from very
distant thunder (a thunderstorm had passed over the site
10 minutes before scheduled shot tine). The CF&I ob-
server at site 43 noted a thin column of dust as a sign
that the shot had indeed occurred.
Figures 7 and 8 are photographs of the water emerging
from 20 Pound Tick Cave. The horizontal chapstick indicates
the 'before' view, and the vertical chapstick the 'after-
ward' view. Turbidity is not evident. The appearance of
the shot area several hours after detonation is shown in
figures 9 and 10. Note the unexpected thickness of the
soil cover which may have absorbed energy in non -elastic
deformation.
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J IN IOIIS
DATA REDUCTION
The MEQ records are reduced directly as they are
flat to velocity. The frequencies of observed signals
are within the passband. Single component readings
are reduced to conservative total (vector sum) read-
ings by multiplication by 1.73.
Where no definite trace deflections are seen (the
RFT 350 units), the upper limit on motion is estimated
by taking the least count minimum discernable deflection
(0.1 mm for the RFT 350's). At Groaning Cave, an upper
limit based on perception, 0.05 in/sec, is possible if
the shot was missed. Whereas, if the shot was re-
corded, then a limit of 0.0125 in/sec (1/40 in least
count) may be assigned for each component.
RESULTS
'Pine Tree' Site:
'Rim' Site:
No record
1 radial component velocity
Maximum radial velocity
0.0024 in/sec
Conservative estimate of
maximum total velocity
0.041 in/sec
Site #3: 1 vertical component
acceleration
Upper limit 0.002 g or
0.007 in/sec @ 12hz
Upper limit total
0.012 in/sec
'20 Pound Tick' Site: 1 vertical component velocity
Maximum vertical velocity
0.0035 in/sec
Conservative estimate of total
velocity 0.006 in/sec
'Groaning Cave': 6 components velocity
Maximum total velocity defini-
tly less than 0.05
Maximum total velocity
probably less than 0.013
in/sec
'Cattle Guard Cave': 3 components acceleration
Upper limit single component
motion 0.0016 g or 0.007
in/sec @ 12hz
Upper limit total velocity
0.012 in/sec
15
JUIieito geoplives
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bollinger, G.A., 1971, Blast Vibration Analysis, Scuthern Illinois University
Press.
Coffman, J.L. , and vonHake, C.A., 1973, United States Earthquakes 1971, J.S.
Dept. Comm., NO: , Envi cn. Data Service Pub., Boulder, Colorado.
Duvall, W.I., and Fogelscn, D.E., 1962, Review cf Criteria for Esti.:ating
Damage to Residences Fra[ Blasting Vibrat:crs , U.S. Pear. of Mines
Rpt. 5968.
Earthquake Data File, 1977, Historical. Seisiricity of Colorado 37 to 41 N
and 102 to 109 W, Environ. Data Service, NMA, U.S. Dept. Commerce.
Gutenberg, B., and Richter, C.W., 1956, EartLqu ke Magnitude, Intensity,
Energy and Acceleration, Bull. Seis. Soc. Am., Vol. 46, No..2.
Hadsell, F.A., 1968, History of Eart c :ke Activity in Colorrde, CSM Q arterly,
Vol. 53, No. 1, pp. 57-72.
Howell, B.F., Jr., 1974, Seismic P,egicnalization in Ncr th ?rerica Based en
Average Regional Seismic Hazard Index, Bull Seis. Soc. Am., Vol. 64,
No. 5, pp. 1509-1523.
Lander,, J.F• ,,A 1971,
19 71 , Seismological `Totes - Januar,.' and February 1371, Eu? .
Seis. . Soc . Am., Vol. 61, No. 5, pp. 1477.
Newmark, N.M., and Rosenbl 'i th, �E�.,, 1971, Feada nt.� s of Ea.. to ake . �cineer`
]...ng, Prentice -Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
Major, M.W. , and Sion, P.B. , 1968, A Seimic. S x_, of the D n'eer (D r v
Earthquakes, CSM Quarterly, Vcl. 63, No. 1, pp. 9-55.
Prescrave, B.W., 1977, The Seismicity of Colorado- :n Est rate of Seise -el:
Hazard Derived From Instremental Data, ;'.S:! st r s Mhesis, in pros ss.
Richhter, C.W., 1353, Eleeentary Seisilclocy, W.F. Free an& Chane, St -
Francisco.
Sanford, A.R., CaWaper� andLong, 196E, High Frequency n z c -
._..�dIl H. tin. a L.T..�. ...w�..
sej aSS` rm A Xncwn Source, Bull. Seis. Scc. Am., 7c1. 58,• No. i,
tt. 325-338.
Simon, R.B. , 1969, Se! sT.izv of Colorado: Ce:SwstencT Cf Recant ^'rt.Taaee
with `_":lose of Hes`cri a1 Re oz , Scien:e, lw• 165, 77. 39/-c39 .
Si':cn, R.E., 1271, CSM Soiamologice7 -: r'r..u-'e 137,
(GOL)
3r...-
(oL) Station.
ars-Grp
hvss, J.F., 1968, Effects of Blasting V brr3vion_s en Bui1dincs and Peceie,
Juiy 1963, pc. 46-43.
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APPENDIX A
HISTORICAL SEISMICITY OF THE
GLENWOOD SPRINGS AREA
Natural seismic activity has occurred at noticeable and
measurable levels in the vicinity of Glenwood Springs. The
earliest reported earthquake occurred during the pre -instru-
mental era:
MAX
LOCAL N W OBSERVED
YEAR DATE TIME LOCALITY LAT LONG MMI
1889. 15 Jan. Glenwood Spgs. 39.5 107.3 V
(From Hadsell, 1968, History of Earthquakes in Colorado, CSM
Quarterly, Vol. 63, No. 1, Jan. 1968)
Here MMI refers, to Modified Mercalli Intensity Csee Table A-1),
which assigns for. MMI V:
V. Felt outdoors; direction estimated;
sleepers wakened. Liquids disturbed,
some spilled. Small unstable objects
displaced or upset. Doors swing,
close, open. Shutters, pictures move.
Pendulum clocks stop, start, change
rate.
During the instrumental era another natural seismic event
occurred near Glenwood Springs:
_ EAP T, "'3
N W
1971 7 Jan. 20:39:52.1 39,486 107.307 33 km 4.3 mb
(From Earthquake Data File 31 August 1977/Envircn:iental Data
Service/National Geophysical and Solar -Terrestrial Data Center)
A-1
}itieo gop(ies
At the Bergen Park (Colorado)
this event is logged as:
Seismological Observatory,
[ARRIVAL) I EPICENTRAL
TIKE DISTANCE]
;GATE h, m s 'DELTA' LAT LONG
Jan 7 11977] 20 40 15 I66km 39.5N 107.3W
ORIGIN
TIME
h m s DEPTH MAG
20 39. 52.1 N133km] 3.5
4Y3jsic]
GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION
Near Glenwood Springs
Colorado
COMMENTS
Probably nearer Dotsero
(.From World Wide Standard Station GOL Data Log, 1971, R. Simon,
CSM Seismological Bulletin)
Other sources note this event with felt reports:
COLORADO, January 7, 1971, 20h39m52.1s,
39.5°N, 107.3°, focal depth about 33 km
restricted (NOS). Some windows cracked
and pictu:e fell from the wall. Reported
felt over a 20 -mile radius from the town.
The sheriff reported the shaking 10 times
worse than the shaking due to the RULISON
nuclear explosion in September 1969.
Magnitude 4.3 (NOS) , 3.8 (NOS ML) .
(From Seismological Notes e January and February 1971, J. F.
Lander, ed., Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., vol. 61, no. 5, pp 1475-
1486, October, 1971)
and
Jan. 7: 13:39:52.1 (20:39). Epicenter
39.5°N., 107.3°W., Colorado, mag. 3.8 V:
At Glenwood Springs, windows cracked and
pictures fell from walls. The shock was
felt over an area with about a 32 -km.
radius of Glenwood Springs..
(From 'United States Earthquakes 1971,' Coffman and von Hake,
eds., U.S. Dept. Commerce, NOAA, Environmental Data Service,
Boulder, Colo., 1973)
A-2
�Jt�l�cxo qop(ies
No other natural seismic events cf historical note are
known to have occurred within 20 miles (32km) of the quarry site.
Both of these events correspond to Modified Mercalli Inten-
sity
nten-sity V, and although the coordinates listed for the 1889 event
are loosely constrained, it will be assumed that both events cor-
respond to the location of the more recent and well constrained
1971 event. This estimation is conservative, in that, it places
the
epicentral region further from the quarry site.
Using the following empirical relationship between maximum
(presumably epicentral) intensity and magnitude (ML):
M + 1 3 Imax
(Gutenberg and Richter, 1956, Earthquake Magnitude, Intensity,
Energy and Acceleration, Bull. Seisrnol. Soc. Am., vol. 46, no. 2,
April 1956)
The 1889 event corresponds to ML M 4.3, this wave corresponds to
the ML= 3.8 and b 4.3 of the 1971 event, The range of M
(UNSPECI �.�_:�,_,;,,,..,.
.f;
will be taken as 3.5 to 4.3 corresponding to the lowest and highest
magnitudes assigned to the 1971 event:
Taking the coordinates of '20 Pound Tick' Cave, the furthest
of the caves from the 1971 event, as:
39°41.1'N Lat, 107°7.37'w Long.
The epicentral distance to the 1971 event is 27.7km (using
'Calculation of Short Distances', from Richter, 1958, Elementary
Seismology, W.H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco and London).
The hypocentral distance (which included the 33km depth of the
earthquake focus) is 43km. Note that the 33km depth estimate is
A-3
J)1iieto C�eo��lystes
very poorly determined and that the actual dept_ is probably less
so that the hypocentral distance is probably less than 43km.
Maximum particle velocities at the quarry site can be esti-
mated by the equation:
V = 15 em (R + 0.17 e0.59M)-1.7
Where -V = maximum ground velocity (cm/sec)
R = hypocentral distance (km)
And M = magnitude
(From Newmark and Rosenblueth, 1971, 'Fundamentals of Earthquake
Engineering', Prentice Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.)
Using the magnitude range of 3.5 - 4.3 the estimated range of
maximum particle velocity is then 0.79 cm/sec to 1.7 cm/sec or
0.31 in/sec to 0.67 in/sec. These motions are in the 'Noticeable'
to 'Unpleasant' range of human perception and approximately 10
times as large as the motions detected from, the 19 August test
shot.
It has been established above that large particle velocities
have occurred at the cave site. To estimate local seismicity,
another approach may be taken. Presgrave, 1977 (CSM Master's
Thesis in Progress) has analyzed Colorado seismicity as recorded
at the Bergen Park (GOL) station operated by the Colorado School
of Mines. His data set covers the period from January 1966 to
Aust 1973, Both Presarave (oTD. cit.) and Sir:,or (19,7)
an earthquake source .region at Baxter Mountain (Fig. A-1).
Of 123 recorded Baxter Mountain events during the 7 2/3 year
period, only 54 are considered natural seismic events with 43 of
these events having magnitudes of 2.5 or larger. Including the
1971 Glenwood Springs event with the Baxter Mountain events, we
A-4
titJ1Le40 gopiic5
HUNNi` a
PfAY\
hit
PawlP
°w1
;TRIANGLe
�MoNTAill
C%u
-- A'r)o. .° ��
SEISMIC
- (SIMON &
• •t'!\- xm's.;s.
--.'".+107°15' W
1
r
4al'r%Qltr•�;-L` - --
.I t'i-
o' 10 •
; �
- lCahins`
1;6457'41
N\' 1. Sy
£UGARlOAF 1,G
' MOUNjAl� -•"}'� PORPN
House,`
Station
•
5 • \-. "8653
S 1 i r.:.'Crr .fi r' ,
r o' W •,LER •••1:1 I: C flin)
7 1 C" _.--- O V,
1/° I NATIONAL FORES '._t c``r+- 1•.• '
�� f°14stService : ,�I AZ,
-.(`� - - Looaa{Tt.lrz93 ' 5 .- 1 ' . �'�--
- - �' CASTLE PEAK!
. .J ,
afny''~-..7-17-1:/.77-'
i 1
•. �. (
—' 7 Iriaiii
tr r l J ,
ti,: C
inc
SOURCE ZONE `
Corr r 4 i } !riu carry
1;
have 44 events of M>2.5 in 7 2/3 years or 5.7 events/year.
Assuming that these events are all natural earthquakes, re-
currence relationships may be estimated for the relationship:
logN = A - bM
Where N = the number of earthquakes with magnitude
as large or larger than M per year
And
A = the log of the number of M = 0 earthquakes
per year
b = an empirical constant describing the
relative frequency of events with
increasing magnitude
Worldwide analysis of earthquake frequency indicates that 'b'
averages at -1.0 +0.3. The best established 'b' for Colorado is
the b = -0.86 associated with the 'Derby' earthquakes at the
Rocky Mountain Arsenal in the late 1960's (Major and Simon, 1968).
Using this b -value and the observed 44 events we have, for Baxter
Mountain, the relationship (see Fig. A-2):
IogN = 2.91 -0.86M
Also plotted on figure A-2 are Intensities at Baxter Mountain
and at the cave and quarry sites, and a scale of return times
(the reciprocal of N per year). The Intensities are calculated
from:
M = 1 + Imax and I = Imp log -1 (- (d/d') lag (I'/Imax)I
Where Imax = Maximum (epicentral) Intensity
d = Distance in kilometers
I = Intensity
And for the Western U.S.
d' = 766 km
I' = 54.37
A-6
citllfCk0 9op(i!jeS
100
LOG N - A -bM
b = 0.86 (ASSUMED FROM DERBY)
A:2.91
w 10
>.
w
0
z
w
IL
0
w
10
z
0.1
0.01
I- 1 `' R
INTENSITY AT QUARRY AND CAVE SITE=40;KM
I i! III IV V VI VII
5YR
10`R
2C°R
SC..YR
0 1 2 3 4
MAGNITUDE
Figure A-2
(Jowell, 1974, Seismic Regionalization of North America). The
distance d is taken to be 40 km assuming a 33 km depth for Baxter
Mountain earthquakes. Using figure A-2 it may be seen that In-
tensities of the order II 1/2 or greater may be expected at return
periods of 6 months.
Using the equation for maximum particle velocity vs. magnitude
and distance previously discussed, we. have:
1 month
6 month
1 year
0.09 in/sec or greater
0.23.in/sec or greater
0.33 in/sec or greater
Using both these methods we can predict that vibrations of the
order of the shot generated velocity of 0.04 in/sec at the Rim site
have occurred naturally at intervals of 1 - 6 months.
ADDENDUM
As another measure of the scale of the observed vibrations,
they may be compared with normal levels of traffic induced vibra-
tion. The subjective scale of earthquake Intensity (Modified
Mercalli Intensity, Table A-1) categorizes 'vibration like pass-
ing of light trucks' as Intensity IIT.
The 0.41 in(sec) at 3 Hz maximum particle velocity at the
'Rim' site (nearer to the shot than the nearest of the caves, BAD
and Spinster) may be converted to Intensity through the following
equations:
And
Where
a = 27,fv (for harmonic motion)
log a = 3 -2 (Richter, 1958)
a = acceleration Lcm/sec?)
v = velo(ity (cm/sec)
A-8
qcop(ies
TABLE A-1.
MODIFIED MERCALLI INTENSITY SCALE OF 1931
(Abridged and Rewritten, 1956, Richter, C.F., 1958)
I. Not felt, marginal and long -period effect of large
earthquakes.
II. Felt by persons at rest, on upper floors, or favor-
ably placed.
III. Felt indoors. Hanging objects swing. Vibration
like passing of light trucks. Duration estimated.
May not be recognized as an earthquake.
IV. Hanging objects swing. Vibration like passing of
heavy trucks - or sensation of a jolt like a heavy
bail striking the walls. Standing motor cars rock.
Windows, dishes, doors rattle. Glasses clink.
Crockery clashes. In the upper range of IV wooden
walls and frame creak.
V. Felt outdoors; direction estimated; sleepers
wakened. Liquids disturbed, some spilled. Small
unstable objects displaced or upset. Doors swing,
close, open. Shutters, pictures move. Pendulum
clocks stop, start, change rate.
VI. Felt by all. Many frightened and run outdoors.
Persons walk unsteadily. Windows, dishes, glass-
ware broken. Knickknacks, books, etc., off shelves.
Pictures off walls. Furniture moved or overturned.
Weak plaster and masonry D cracked. Stall bells
_ring (church, school). Trees, bushes shaken
(visibly, or heard to rustle - CFR).
VII. Difficult to stand. Noticed by drivers of motor
cars. Hanging objects quiver. Furniture broken.
Damage to masonry D, including cracks. Weak
chimneys (also unbraced parapets and architectural
ornaments - CFR). Some cracks in masonry C. Waves
on ponds; water turbid with mud. Small slides and
caving in along sand or gravel banks. Large bells
ring. Concrete irrigation ditches damaged.
VIII. Steering of motor cars affected. Damage to masonry
C; partial collapse. Some damage to masonry B;
none to masonry A. Fall of stucco and some masonry
walls. Twisting, fall of chimneys, factory stacks,
monuments, towers, elevated tanks. Frame houses
moved on foundations if not bolted down; loose panel
walls thrown out. Decayed piling broken off.
Branches broken from trees. Changes in flow or tem-
perature of springs and wells. Cracks in wet ground
and on steep slopes.
A-9
TABLE A-1
(continued)
IX. General panic. Masonry D destroyed; masonry C
heavily damaged, sometimes with complete collapse;
masonry B seriously damaged. (General damage to
foundations - CFR.) Frame structures, if not
bolted, shifted off foundations. Frames racked.
Serious damage to reservoirs. Underground pipes
broken. Conspicuous cracks in ground. In allu-
viated areas sand and mud ejected, earthquake
fountains, sand craters.
X. Most masonry and frame structures destroyed with
their foundations. Some well-built wooden struc-
tures and bridges destroyed. Serious damage to
dams, dikes, embankments. Large landslides.
Water thrown on banks of canals, rivers, lakes,
etc. Sand and mud shifted horizontally on
beaches and flat land. Rails bent slightly.
XI. Rails bent greatly. Underground pipelines com-
pletely out of service.
XII. Damage nearly total. Large rock masses displaced.
Lines of sight and level distorted. Objects
thrown into the air.
The velocity of 0.041 in/sec LQ.104 cm/sec) corresponds with an
acceleration of 1.96 cm/sect and an Intensity of II 1/2. At the
cave sites the vibrations resulting from the test blast are less
than those associated with the passage of a 'light truck'. As a
further measure of test results and 'culturally induced' vibra-
tion levels, direct comparison of particle velocities may be made
for the case of train related vibration. It has been documented
(Sanford, et.al., 1968) that maximum ground
with the passage of a 10 -car freight train at a distance of 6800
feet were 0.7 mm at 3 Hz or 0.5 in/sec particle velocity. These
vibrations are 10 times larger than those associated with the
test shot.
It has been demonstrated that the observed vibrations are
not only below the standard level of perception, 0.05 in/sec,
but also less than the levels associated with urban traffic.
BLAST MONITORI G tiG i` .5 D wTE• / `'-;C:. / OF /D
PROJECT: > �� � "r OSSE'Rc:ER •, 17.
UNIT H67-06700/-5 SERra_r_ '� _ r'z i _`, / •% 1 ' V
SIT" # Rik/ CRIDNTATION INSTRU: ; T S :Tr. SK: w a:i
DESCRI2TION:
oeu
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SHOT DATA: DELA'''. _:.s %D"1 '.F.'
/5 j.v 2
MVTD r , .y -3 -
SHOT POINT LOCATION
RELATIVE TO SENSOR
INS TR. ON Tq ^L"'7C;:cuS
HO T .D01—TP71 2 :STANCE
� �Lw
�ERCEP TION:
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SITE 4.2TG ORIENTATION
DESi RIE ION
(4) G r5 Lib
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rt> Tl ,eJC�
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INSTRUMEN.L SITE. SKETCH
i(,S57—/Z;
�
SHOT DATA: DELAY Ls/DELA\•
SHOT POINT LOCATION
RELATIVE TO SENSOR
` !
3C 3 A-'
I;; s : R . ON TI-M.F.
Pr
SHOT POINT,_, EcT R
7tiTr74
r,:
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PERCEPTION : QCs D MCTwO T ,-- T
'cr:
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SEISMOGRAM ANALYSIS =ET
Instrument Type if ,, r
Contractor/Client { �; 7:-;,_
Location --z-Ir
Page 4' cf
✓
Zato ,410�.
Ynstr'.o:;,en / . /A1'
Rcc c T ^e
Type of Blasting t ' Opera icn
. •� :�T,-•�r'� n(. /F � _. it-�
Hole Depth --- feet N :.rber oz %:
Total Explosive jam, - \ lbs . Bxn l cs ive Type
Max. Explosive per Delay j' -t - No. �of Delays
Recording Site 1
,72
Distance from Blast
Linear
Distance from Blast
to Seismograph
Sca1e�_;(_
l.o l_r 6Lc ui - A
Structure Type ,!/,.
Comments: A.,' �-n�H r,c •
4
/
_set
J' "-4
; TUT.117 = RQ
x
Cm) C:z
Reduced by tji a
(x/n-11) (Ln/seo)
-
L:LAST OONITOEI IG NOTES D? TE: (1 /!( '!r '1 PAGE 5 OF I U
PROJECT: OIlSE:�VaT2• �?T.
I:T2. ;' 5f- _ .4 SERIAL
SITE if 3 ORIENTATION
DESCRY-21:I0N
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SHOT DATA: OELA ths/ DF.: -.AY
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P-5-00
SHOT POINT LOCATION 1
RELATIVE TO SENSOR
1/1;'3 l't/ lir- ` rJ ; Fc, ,v -.
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SECT .TIME
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I,ISTRUM NT SITE_ SKETCH
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SHOT -POINT LOCATION
RELATIVE TO SENSOR
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REDUC::,D 5: DATE
C:iECXED 3Y P=f")•
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DAT 7
4 - ' _a..�....
SER .kL " '5"-C1
DATA
a
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TIMING TRACE __7_27
- /sec
rm
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9 1531. OIWSI3S
Date: 21 November 1975
To:
ur. . David G. Lllingwood
Chief Geologi.t
CF&I Steel Corporation
F. G. Box 316
Pueblo, Colorado 810U2
4,4 ;h '
..L1
J
-3,134
From: Dr. Maurice major end lair. ien Carlson
917 18th Street
Golden, Colorado 80401
Subject.: Ground motions associated .: th quarrying the Leadville
Limestone . The lonarch ,u:rry shut cf 11 September 1975
The objective of this investiatic.r is the prediction of the
round potion to oe expected frcm certain cleating operations
associated with quarrying the Leadville Limestone.
..uarry blastil.p commonly involves the sequential detonation cf
individual charges (or groups cf charges) arranged in some sort of
spatia_ pattern. b suite of parameters ma., be varied, (l) the
geometric arrangement cf t'.:e shot hc1 es, %2J the di 2 tance between the
tibias, (3) the depth of the holes, (4) the total numter cf holes,
(5) the type of explosive, (6i the charge size per hole, and (7) the
tire delay between detonation of t: e first hole (cr group cf holes)
and the next. Very probably all cf t`° e parameters influence, to
acme extent, the ground mctien caused by the blast. However an
important result cf past i .vestig ti.:s, (e.g. Nicholls et a1,
"Blasting Vibrations and Their Lffects cn Structures", U.S.B.U.
Bulletin 656, 1971) is the discover;; t::at, cf all these parameters,
the Iast two dominate in determining the ground Notion, at a point
well away from the shot pattern, so long cis t :u delay times are about
13 .milliseconds or more.
E;mperical relation^ cetween ground velccity, charge size per
delay, end distance frc:^ the shot hive been published (ibid,.
These relaticns, hoeever, do not include any terra characterizing
the geoicgic envircnment, and therefcre it is good practice to make
field observations tc sheee the predicted ground motions, particularly
when such motions ere tc be discuseed in public.
i}e here report e:;: ;I` the resaltr cf :acnitcring a large shot
xhich occurred ie the 0�-;.:i i‘cnaree eeerey :e 13 eptea:ber 1975, and
(2) a reescnaeTe exkr:r..c:_.-__._ cf tee results to t ne predicti.cn cf
Grcuhd ;actions tc oe expected fru: e thirty ton blest at distances of
Cr, -%""t
in a geo:cgi_ e:.viroement similar tc test characterizing
the Monarch 'carry.
j The lcnerch 'euarry s -,ct cf abort 11:35 am on 11 .aepte her 1975
.T.' . t.Ered . y u , U1g tree :cledynb-aectech .strong rr.cticn
= -ce:``_remsters ;ewe L.c:e' ... .
cn_ AFT T e5O) whose
rs.rritiv_te 7:er Homme . g fa7 _ _nc, e. l'heee _nstra ents each
contain three tosioh seis:mcrreters cf free period near 16 hz, are
battery powered, include ; rcvisien fcr or, -site cs1 ibraticn, and
record . hctcgrephiew'2. " c-. ?^ 7n phetegrar:hic film. When the film
c• ..h- r '^ hi_; l'r e:,c~ iee
a factor cf 4.0, the sensitivity
cf the reseltir'' eec:rde le euch th t a 74 nn trace displacement
corresponds tc a ground ecce1 rcticn cf 0.25 g.
The geographic 1oeution of these instruments relative to the
±ct pattern, end certain relevant characteristics of the blast are
shown or. Ff ;:ire '_ . The _n traments were oriented se that the two
Figure 1
Accelerometer Station Locations
Location of Blast
(elevation 10653')
400'
i
Blast Characteristics:
Blast consisted of 30 holes, each
with a 302 pound charge. 15 holes
were shot at 11:30 AM with the re-
maining 15 holes shot 17 millisec-
onds later. Total charge was 9060
pounds. Total weight per delay was
4530 pounds.
o Station #2, near shot rock
(elevation 10646')
2200'
\(o Station #3, at road bend
(elevation 10550')
800'
0 Station #1, in tunnel at BM 5
(elevation 10022')
Scale: 1":500'
North
horizontal accelerometer., detected ttrc 'tion£ 1tnclimi'and "transverse"
components cf ground motion, "lcn6itu,:ieal" being elong a line radial
from the source pattern, shown by the solid lines on Figure 1. The
distances from the censer of the shct pattern to the observat cn
stations were; about 15501 tc Station e2, about 2350' to Station r3,
and about 3250' tc Station 01.
Unfcrtunately the instrument at station #3 failed to operate
properly at shot time. The light source either burned out after the
calibration run or was not properly connected due to operator error.
?e cannot identify the trouble.
The instruments at Stations iu1 ane e2 operated normally. Standard
(x4.0) enlargements cf the T. mm film records from these two instruments
are shrwn on the next two pages. Time increases tc the right.
Table #1 is a summary of readings made on the original film records.
'. axi um acceleration, and maximum particle velocity are calculated
f rcm the oeserved trace deflection.
Toole n2 shcws a comparison oetween the measured values cf particle
velocity and the predicted values based or. the empirical relationships
established by Nichclls, et al (ioib). It was found that five of the
six observed values were lees than the predicted values. It may be
inferred from this that (3) the Leadriile Limestone has a higher
cttenuaticn rate than is ncrmai y expected, cr (2) attenuation due to
the !ayflower Fault may also be a factor contributing to the low
particle velocities observed at Station g1.
Gbcerved particle velocities may be cca.pared to subjective
responses cf perceptibility for giver rtic:e velee tier cee rigere 2).
r
•
site 1
in tunnel
entire record is enlarged 4 times
time marks are at 1/2 second
intervals
vertical scale: 7.4 cm = 1/4 g
._i
transverse
reference
line
vertical
10 'AM dorAlo. Efget. sIsa MP
igionwie eiggiminfor. 1,0171010111W r EfelblitiffR '+ram*+ J
i -.5:
longitudinal
time
• 1
marks
•
Site 2
near shot rock
entire record is enlarged 4 times
arks are at 1/2 second
intervals
vertical scale: 7.4 cm = 1/4 g
[1:
transverse
i eference
line
•
vertical
k
MEMO ONOGIP. 011.0
`.':aer. e/pTas''"e°e°sc'a.�'"°we`�' .",tea malmexxxosiesOdgOboP
t ime
Data from the ! onar. li yn 11—i y Blast of 11 September 1975
f t.rat1or}
#1 (in tunnel, about
3250' from Shot)
,72 (near phot rock,
about 1550' from
shot)
P3 (road bend, about
2350' from shot)
Cor2ponent
tr%nsverse
vertical
longitudinal
transverse
vertical
longitudinal
F rt'i,unnr'y
it maximum
ampllts].?o
14.5 Hz
't2.7 Hz
12.0 146
7.9 HZ
6.4 Hz
6.4 HL
Film trace Maximum
amplitude in acceleration
millimeters in g's
(peak to peski (reak to reek)
0.55
0.43
0.48
1.1
3.3
1.1
0.0075
0.0058
0.0065
0.015
0.045
0.015
h'.aximum
velocity in
inches/sec.
(peak to t k)
0.032
0.027
0.033
0.32
0.43
0.14
No record: film ran and was developed, but records
are blank.
Apparent reason for failure: malfunction of light sourc^.
T A B L L 2
Comparison of b redicted and Measured Velocities
Predicted '!e sal ed
velocityveJoc1ty
§4'tatlon Comoonent inghes/sed, jnches/sec.
1 (in tunnel) transverse 0.052 0.032
vertical 0.077 0.027
longitudinal 0.194 0.033
2 (neer she t rry,kj transverse 0.14 0.12
vertical 0.30 0.43
lcn;,;ttudinal_ 0.70 0.14
3 (at, road 1'n1) No record: film developed, ht records are blank.
Apparent reason fcr fellure: malfunction of light source.
28
10
8
6
4
2
0.8
.6
.4
.2
.10
.08
.06
.04
.02
.01
• 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 1 2 4 6 10 20
NUMBER OF COMPLAINTS/NUMBER OF FAM1LIE3,percent
Figure 2
Particle Velocity and Perceptibility
BUSTING VIBRATIONS AND THEM EFFECTS ON STRUCTURES
Particle velocities
measured at station
=F2 (distance=1550') Jc4�
(near shot rock). 1
'(from USBM Bull.
656, 1971, p.28)
#1, in tunnel eak.o‘e t
1
Particle velocities
measured at station
co
- - - - w
distance
3250'.
1
40 60 100
Pure 3.10.—Complaint history, Saimon Nuclear Event, with superposed subjective response.
Note: The particle velocities in the tunnel were below
the percepibility level. This is confirmed by the
observer in the tunnel who felt nothing.
Pale 10
According to Figure 2, the blast should have been imperceptible to
the observer in the tunnel, which Was indeed the case. The.
instrument cperator kajor) felt nothing; thought he heard a whisper
of sound, but was so uncertain that the shot had been fired that he
continued to operate the instrument for more than one minute after
shot time. Near the shot rock (Station 2) and the road bend
(.taticn 3), the blest was felt, but not noted es being "unpleasant".
In 1973 t ..a Colorodc '.;chocl of lines nd hoc Committee on
Ground P,;oticn Due to Blasting made recce endaticns cn ground motion
Safety limits. The 1►d iicc Committee particularly suggested a change
in section 3 of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Act Inc. 362, July
10, 1957, P. L. 685, as amended July 12, 1961 end January 26, 1966,
as follows:
"In blasting operations except as hereinafter otherwise provided,
the maxinz,im wear: particle velocity cf any cne of three (3)
mutu_]'y ,er cert;:icular ccm_ anent: cf the grcuee mctic:; in the
vertic..l Ead hcr ieoutel directions aha] i not exceed 2 inches
per second at the is r.ediete lcceticn cf En;, public auildieg,
echocl, c:iurc::, ccrn erciel cr inetituticnal bailding neither
ol:ned nor leased by the ..ereen cenductine the bleetirg, and
shell not exceed 0.5 inches per second at ;he imeediate lccaticn
of any cc upied towelling hcuse neither cwned ncr leased by the
person ccnauctin; the blasting."
The Pennsylvania lac originally set two inches per second as the
maximum velocity at a1? sites. The ed hoc Ccrmeittee considered e
peak particle velocity of 0.5 inches per second as En apprcpriete
level fcr residential areas because, while it is "unpleessnt", only
about ten percent of the families subjected to such motion will
bother to complain (Figure 2).
The peals particle velocities generated b;; the ;cnsrch euarry
sect of 11 Septemcer 1975 (Table 1,,
as cheerved et dirtcnces cf
1550' r:nd 3250' from the source, are 1-21 below the upper limits set
by the Pennsylvania ..tete code and are also within the more stringent
guidelines recommended by the Colorado Ad hoc Cc.mzoittee on -Ground
Xotion•.
(2) It is possible to make a reasonable extrapolation of these
observations for the predicticn cf ground motion tc be expected
from a thirty ton blast at distances of about 5000 feet in a geologic
environment similar tc that characterizing, the l+:cnarch kuarry.
First; The dote acquired on 11 September 1975 indicate that
the erpsrical equations from USii. zu1l. 656 1971 (shown here on
Figure 3) are indeed applicable to quarry shots in the Leadville
limestone in the geologic environment that characterizes the
lonarch kuarry.
Second; These equations indicate that the important characteristic
of any curry shct is rcy total weight oi' explosive charge (eg 30 tons) ,
but rather charge weight pe:- delay, cr the weight fired simultaneously.
Third: The x:onarch shot cf 11 Septemeer 1975 involved one delay
of -.017 seconds between two explosions, each totaling about 4530
pounds. We were informed that larger blasts would normally involve
about the sane charge weight per delay arc that the total charge
weight fired is increased by adding more delcys (twelve or thirteen
delays of .017 seconds each, between 4500 pound charges to crake about
60,000 pounds total.) . Under such circumstances the total weight fired
has very little influence on the g:-ound motion; therefore we may use
the onservcticns cf 11 September 1975 directly to predict around
rct.icn from larger shots so long a. th ^'r.ur,e rer ds1,y is urchcnged.
1':i mire 3
Empirical Velocity --Distance Curves for
4500 lbs/delay Blasts
1.0 -
Key _
Dots are measured values- _ 0.6---
Heavy
.6--._-
Heavy solid lines -are 1
empirical curves(see ' 0.5
cauations below) 0
Dashed lines are pro- o . 0.-4 _ .-
jected curves based
on actual measure- ski
ments a, 0.3
Velocity; in inches
0.1
--------------
Approximate locatio
V of the Mayflower
v Fault
\,
-
V
V�
\\
0.08 �\
0.06
-- 0.05 -
Empirical equations-- from-- -0.04 - -
USBM Bull. 656,1971,
vtp=0.071(
w'421
vt=0.035 D521 -.
-1.28
v1=0.05
W.
D -1.63
512
0.03_
0.02
0.8 1
D is distance from shot in
hundreds of feet
W is charge weight per delay in pc:inds
v is the respective velocity
component
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9.
Thousands of Feet
s uL;u .LJ
Figure `3 show;; the observed particle velocities (solid dots)
superimposed on the U.S.S.M. enperical graphs which show particle
velocity versus distance from the source for a charge weight of 4530.
pounds per delay. The observed points fell belc?r the predicted values
in all cases exeee1 the observed vertical component of particle
velocity et 1550', which is aboet 11 times the predicted value
(0.43"/sec vs 0.30"e sec) . h� J. cbserved values fall well below the
predicted longitudinal velocity value,.
The cbserved particle velocities, et 3250' frori the source,
seem low even when compered with the oeservaticns at 1550'. This
may be the effect of abnormal absorption cf energy in passing
through the L`_eyflcwer Fault Zcne, or slight masking of Station #1
by the topographic valley northeast of Staticn #3. k conservative
(pessis iritic) estimate of what the particle velocities might have
been et 3250' rvith:ut the masking effect of either the fault or the
v_l]ey 4e that they might have been almoet twice an biz as the cbserved,
ray 0.04 to 0.04 ;aches per second (i.e. near the "transverse" curve,
a s are VT and VT at 1550') .
Finally, if one then uses either the observed or the anticipated
decay with distance rates (Figure 3) to extrapolate the observations
to a distance cf 5000', one gets perticic ve1oeitiee of abcet 0.037
.U10 inches per second.
In conclusion: (1) The r,onerch eusrry shot of 11 September 1975
produced around motions that were siigytly sraller than those predicted
bx* JiM Bull. 656. (2) Larger shots ch.areeteri.ed by the same charges
per -delay (4500 pounds) s; ou1,i prcdeee eertiele ve.ccities, at 5000'
Page 14
distance, of about 0.037.1 0.010 inches per second. (3) Such
particle velocities are barely "perceptible" by human observers
and are only 1/50 of the velocity (two inches per second) normally
considered to be the lower limit of damaging motion.
la44,z4.1;
•
TO: Garfield County
Planning Department
Date: 2-8-78
4TTACHMENT #2
Excerpts from Dotsero Environmental Report:
Table of Contents
Section I
Section II (Partial)
Section III (Partial)
Section IV.A.
RE: Water System and Use, Sec. II.A.3c.(6), pages 16 and 17
Haulage Method & Description, II.A.3b.(5)(6), pages 8-10
Site Rehabilitation (Reclamation) II.A.3d., pages 20-22
Impact on Water Quality, II.B.5, pages 23-25
III.A.4, pages 26 and 27
IV.A., Page 28
GARFIELD COUNTY
PLANNING DEPARTMENT
GLENWOOD SPRINGS, COLORADO 0'1601
2014 BLAKE AVENUE PHONE 945.8212
April 3, 1978
MEMO TO: Board of County Commissioners
FROM: Planning Department
SUBJECT: Review of CF&I Special Use File
The following is my analysis of the additional material submitted
by CF&I on March 2nd in response to the Board's request for additional
information.
No new information was included in the recent submission concerning
the impact of quarrying activities on the water quality of the area.
Statements by CF&I to the effect that the operations will have no
impact upon surface or subsurface water quality are still unsubstantial
conclusions. No hydrogeologic information on the actual quarry location
has been developed. The presence of groundwater and caverns which
might be affected by the operations is still unknown.
This, in my view, represents a significant omission in the impact
statement, and is one which should be addressed by CF&I before any
decision is made by Garfield County on the special use. Surface
disturbance on the site is likely to produce some impact on water quality.
However, if such impact were to occur, the County could reasonably
expect the applicant to successfully mitigate such impact in the course
of operations. The same thing cannot be said for the possible subsurface
drainage. Thus, before the County makes a decision on what must be
considered an irretrievable resource, Z feel more information is
necessary.
In my opinion, the othdr six categories of requested information
have been addressed to a degree sufficient upon which to ultimately
base a decision. Many points, of course, remain to be considered in the
application. Therefore, a request for additional information in one
area out of seven does not imply approval of the permit, but rather,
indicates what additional analysis must be done before the impact
statement is considered sufficient.
RAW/kay
DOTSERO ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AGE
I ABSTRACT
II DESCRIPTION
A. ACTION PROPOSED
1. Authority for Proposed Action
2. Location of Proposed Action
3. Activities Expected from the Proposed Action
a. Exploration and Preliminary Engineering .
b. Development
c. Production
d. Abandonment
e. Summary of Development Sequences
4. Demand or Relative Urgency
B. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
1. Geology and Topography
2. Climate
3. Soils
4. Vegetation
5. Water Resources
6. Air Quality
PAGE
7. Wildlife
8. Natural Beauty
9. Archeology
10. Near Naturalness of the Land
11. Socio -Economics
12. Nonrenewable Resources
13. People
14. Man's Past Use of the Land
15. Man's Present Use of the Land
III. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
A. IMPACTS FROM THE PROPOSAL
1. Wildlife Habitat
2. Fishery Habitat
3. Roads
4. Water Quality and Consumption
5, Soil . .
6. Air Quality
7. Livestock Grazing
8. Timber and Vegetation
9. Natural Beauty of the Landscape
10. Recreation Use . .
11. Geophysical Phenomena .
12. Cultural Resources
13. Private Landownership
PAGE
14. Public Safety
B. IMPACTS ON COMMUNITY SERVICES
1. Housing
2. School Systems
3. Power
4. Law Enforcement
5. Water Systems
6. Transportation
7. Solid Waste Disposal
8. Economics
9. Forest Service Fire Organization
C. FAVORABLE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
1. Improved Socio -Economic Conditions
2. Power Generation
3. Increased Resource Outputs
IV. ADVERSE IMPACTS WHICH CANNOT BE AVOIDED AND MITIGATIONS.
A. SOIL AND WATER
B. NATURAL BEAUTY
C. AIR QUALITY AND NOISE
D. VEGETATION
E. OPEN SPACE
PAGE
F. RECREATION
G. WILDLIFE
V. OTHER POSSIBLE ADVERSE IMPACTS
A. INCREASED PRODUCTION BY CF&I
B. OTHER MINING OR QUARRYING ACTIVITIES
VI. COMMITMENTS
A. LIMESTONE - A NATURAL RESOURCE
8. SURFACE USES
C. SOIL
D. SOLITUDE
VII. ALTERNATIVES
Alternative #I - Different Locations
Alternative #2 - Different Haul Systems
Alternative #3 - Different Haul Route
PAGE
APPEND' X
EXHIBIT A. Haulage Study
B. Seismic Tests
C. Revegetation Plan
D. Environmental Baseline and Monitoring Programs
E. Soils Survey (USDA, SCS) .
F. BLM Correspondence
G. Agency Responses
H. Public Comment
DOTSERO ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
LIST OF PLATES
FOLLOWING
Plate 1 Colorado Location Map
Plate 2 Area Location Map 1" = 4 mi
Plate 3 Area Map with Topography 1" = 2000'
Plate 4 Land Status Map 1" = 2000'
Plate 5 Initial Development Mining Profiles
Plate 6 Plan View of Initial Quarry Development
Plate 7 Facility Flowsheet
Plate 8 Plant Area Layout
Plate 9 Tram Line (Pictures)
Plate 10 Tram Line Machinery (Pictures)
Plate 11 Railroad Area Layout
Plate 12 Typical Cross -Section of Abandoned Quarry
After Reclamation
Plate 13 Regional Geology
Plate 14 Geology Cross -Section
Plate 15 Columnar Section - Area Rocks
Plate 16 Cave Locations
Plate 17 Soils Map
Plate 18 Vegetation Map
DOTSERO ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE # TITLE
1 BLM Affected Lands
2 Project Timetable
3 Estimate of Existing Climate
4 Estimated Storm Frequency and Intensity
5 Plant Species List
6 Manurial Species List
7 Bird Species List
8 Affected Area Soil Classification
FOLLOWING PAGE
CF&I DOTSERO LIMESTONE PROJECT
I SUMMARY
The Dotsero limestone is a deposit of high-grade metallurgical limestone
which CF&I Steel Corporation intends to develop as a needed raw material
for its Pueblo, Colorado, steel plant.
The deposit is located at 9200 feet elevation fourteen miles northeast of
of Glenwood Springs in Garfield County, Colorado. The quarry itself will
be an approximately 80 -acre open mining site. After quarrying, the stone
will be crushed and screened at a site adjacent to the quarry. The
resulting product will then be transported down the hill four miles by an
aerial tram line to a loading point on the Colorado River one-half mile
north of Dotsero Junction.
The facility will be designed to operate about seven months out of the
year to produce some 350,000 tons of crushed, screened limestone annually.
The product will be hauled by rail to Pueblo, Colorado. The operation will
employ some 30 to 35 persons.
The quarry, plant site, overburden dump, and rail -loading facility, are all
located on private ground. A 2.8 -mile portion of the aerial tram will cross
BLM-administered lands and will cross the Forest Service Coffee Pot Road
at several points. The rail -loading facility and 2.4 miles of the tram line
are located in Eagle County. The amount of disturbed area in both counties
will total about 230 acres.
I.
The Dotsero site was chosen after some 20 years of searching and is the
only one found in that time that was suitable from both economic and
environmental standpoints. When plans for the project were initially
made public in the summer of 1975, there were two major objections
raised by local citizens and environmental groups. These were the
possible damaging effect on nearby caves and what was feared would be
a large amount of dust resulting from truck operation on a proposed
six -mile long, 65 -foot wide haul road.
To find out what possible effects the quarry blasting might have on
nearby caves (1 to 2 miles away), CF&I contracted for two independent
seismic tests. The first test was done at CF&I's Monarch Limestone
Quarry with an actual production blast and a monitoring of ground
motion in an underground tunnel 3200 feet away. The second test was
done with a production scale blast at the proposed Dotsero quarry site
and with monitoring in three of the closest known cave sites. The
maximum ground motion at any of the sites was well below the human
perception level and was of a magnitude of about 1/30 of the lower limit
that might cause structural damage.
As for the potential fugitive dust problem, this was resolved by changing
the product transport system from truck and haul road to an aerial tram.
In addition to being virtually dust free, the tram system, as compared to
the haul road, will disturb only 25 percent as much land, will be virtually
silent, will present no hazard to wildlife, and will be a net producer vs.
consumer of energy.
In addition to the above measures taken to protect the environment, the
company has initiated programs for meteorological monitoring, air quality
monitoring, surface and underground water quality monitoring, and an
archeological survey. Wildlife and soils surveys are yet to be contracted
for. Colorado State University has been working for two years under contract
with test plots at Monarch Quarry to develop a practical revegetation program.
Development of this limestone deposit at this time is necessary to replace
CF&I's almost depleted Monarch Pass Quarry. The project will provide
economic benefits to the community and it will be accomplished in an
environmentally acceptable manner.
I.
DOTSERO ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT
II DESCRIPTION
A. ACTION PROPOSED
A large deposit of metallurgical limestone is known to exist in
the Willow Peak area of the White River uplift in Garfield County,
Colorado. The specific location of the portion of this deposit that
is.a part of this proposed action is in section 28, T4S,R68W. The
area is 15 miles northeast of Glenwood Springs, and 5.7 miles north-
west of the Eagle -Colorado River confluence at Dotsero. The area is
on private ground (both surface and mineral) and is 4 -mile east of
the White River National Forest boundary.
It is proposed to mine this limestone by surface quarrying methods,
crush and screen it at an adjacent location and transport the
product to a rail -loading point on the Colorado River.
1. Authority for the Proposed Action.
The operating areas of the proposed action can be divided into
three logical units:
Quarry operations site, (including crushing and
screening).
The haulage and utility transmission corridor.
The railroad -loading facility site.
Authority for quarry operations is primarily by virtue of private
ownership of the surface and minerals. Prior to the commencement
of any construction work, it will be necessary to obtain a special
use permit and building permits from Garfield County.
The haulage corridor crosses 1.3 miles of private land and 2.8
miles of land that is under Bureau of Land Management administra-
tion. This corridor lies 1.7 miles in Garfield County and 2.4
miles in Eagle County. A right-of-way permit will be required
from BLM and special use and building permits will be required
from Eagle and Garfield Counties.
II.A.1
DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION
The rail -loading facility will be located on private ground and
will require special use and building permits from Eagle County.
Prior to beginning operations, the following additional permits
will be obtained:
>Mining Permit from State of Colorado, Mined Land
Reclamation Board.
>Fugitive Dust Permit from Colorado Department of Health.
>If necessary, a waste -water discharge permit will be
obtained from the Colorado Department of Health.
Plate 4 is a map showing the operating areas and land classi-
fications.
2. Location
The location of the proposed action is in eastern Garfield and
western Eagle counties, Colorado. Specifically, in sections 27,
28, 33, 34, 35, and 36, T4S,R87W, and in sections 31 and 32 of
T4S,R86W, sixth principal meridian.
The eastern terminus is a rail -loading facility on the D&RGW
Railroad adjacent to the Colorado River. This point is about 2 -
mile north of Dotsero Junction on I-70 and 15 miles west of Eagle,
Colorado. The other end of the operation where the mining is to
be done is 41/2 miles to the northwest. Elevations range from 9300'
at the quarry site to 6200' at the railroad.
The portion of the project that is on BLM-administered lands can
be seen on Plate 4, and is described in Table 1.
3. Activities Expected from the Proposed Action.
The activities expected from this proposed action will be those
associated with a surface mining or quarrying operation, a crushing,
screening, and stockpiling facility, an aerial tram haulage system,
and a railroad product loading point. These activities are more
specifically defined as follows:
a. Exploration and preliminary engineering.
The exploration phase has been largely completed. A few
additional relatively shallow test holes up to 200' depth may
be required to prove stone quality and mining characteristics
II.A.2-3a.
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5979
7. 7;27
/Dotsero
/
CFU STEEL CORPORATION
DOTSERO AREA MAP
With Topography
1" = 2000' Affected Area Pi-Aar.;5
,N .
DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION
in the exact quarry location. All of this work would be
on private land. The drilling would be done by mobile
truck -mounted drill rigs. This activity would have little
environmental impact because the site is served by existing
roads and is in an area eventually to be disturbed by mining,
The preliminary engineering will consist of field survey
work, aerial mapping hydrogeological testing and some soils
testing for foundation analysis. The field survey work will
be concerned with locating reference points or monuments
on the ground in the quarry, plant site and railroad tipple
areas and in monumenting the aerial tram centerline. Access
will be by existing roads and trails and the environmental
impact will be limited to whatever line brushing is required.
Brushing will be done by knife, axe, or chainsaw, and no bull-
dozer work will be done. No rehabilitation will be done as
impact will be minor and in most cases it will be overrun by
construction activities.
The aerial survey work will require some field survey as
described above.
A few soil test sites will be picked to test foundation
characteristics in the plant area, along the tram corridor
and at the tipple site. These locations will be reached
from existing roads or short extensions therefrom. The
testing equipment is a pickup -mounted mobile drill rig and
requires no more than the road to set up in. Any road
extensions that are required outside of what would eventually
become a construction or operating area will be reclaimed by
procedures outlined in Appendix Exhibit C.
Two to three 200- to 300 -foot test holes in the immediate quarry
vicinity may be required to provide baseline data on the hydro-
logy of the area.
II.A,3a.
DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION
b. Development
The development phase will involve disturbance, displacement,
and reshaping of the surface to accommodate the planned
facilities and structures and the erection of these facilities
and structures. Beginning with the quarry, the development of
the specific operating areas is as follows:
(1) Quarry Area
The initial area of quarry development will be about
15 acres (approximately 1800' long x 350' wide). Trees
over about 6" in diameter will be cut up and stacked for
firewood. Smaller trees and brush will be cleared,
stacked, and burned with proper permits being obtained
prior to burning. Then topsoil will be scraped off by
bulldozer tractors, picked up with end loaders, and
transported to a topsoil retention area. The next
operation will be to remove an average 10' thickness of
shale rock which overlies the limestone. The shale will
be ripped with crawler tractors, picked up with front-end
loaders, and transported to the plant site area to be used
as fill or to the waste rock disposal area.
The exposed limestone surface will then be terraced,
using bulldozer -ripper tractors, to accommodate crawler
mounted blast hole drills. The drilling and blasting
to follow comes under the production phase.
The land for this site is private under CF&I control.
(2) Waste Rock (Stripping) Disposal Area
The waste rock dump will lie about 1 -mile south of the
quarry. Any strip rock which is not required for fill
material as described in I.A.3b(1) as well as subsequent
stripping material will be deposited in this area.
For development of the area, the vegetation and topsoil
will be disposed of as in I.A.3b(1) above prior to deposit
of any waste material. The area to be developed will be
approximately 50 acres (1500' x 1500').
The land for this site is private under CF&I control.
II.A.3b.
(3)
DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION
Plant Site Area
This area is to be located Z --mile to the southeast
of the quarry. The facilities to be located here are_
crusher, screen unit, stockpiling conveyors, tramway
loading terminal, office building, shop building, fuel
storage tanks and power distribution center. A yard
area will be provided for storage of limestone products
and mining materials and supplies. Explosive and cap
magazines will be provided at a point nearby the plant
and quarry locations.
Development of the area will begin by removing vegeta-
tion and topsoil as previously described. Shaping of
the land to provide level terraced ground will be done by
cut and fill methods. This will include drilling, blasting,
and bulldozer work. Fill needed in excess of the cut
volume available will come from quarry stripping.
When site preparation is complete, construction of the
facilities will begin.
The affected area will be about 25 acres all of which are
private and controlled by CF&I.
(4) Fines Disposal Area
A reject product from the screening plant will be lime-
stone fines of less than 3/8' size. This material will
be placed immediately south of the plant area. Surface
preparation will be as described in I.A.3b(2) for the
waste rock disposal area.
The affected area will be about 25 acres all of which
are private and controlled by CF&I.
(5) Aerial Tram and Utility Corridor
This will be a corridor approximately 21,000' long x 200'
wide in a straight line between the plant site and the
railroad -loading point. Tramway support towers will be
located at about 500' intervals along the line. For
development, it will be necessary to clear and do some
excavation at each tower site to provide for proper footings.
Tower design is not complete, but a 20' x 20' area should
suffice. Topsoil around these tower sites will be saved
and redistributed at the site when construction is complete.
II.A.3b.
DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION
Sufficient clearing of vegetation between tower
stands will have to be done to provide tram vehicle
clearance. The ground cover growth will not have to
be removed; however, some trampling of the area between
towers will occur during rigging of the tramway ropes.
Parallel to the tram line will be a 24,900 -volt power
line to transmit power to and from the mine site. (The
tram, when in use, will generate power that will be fed
back into the utility system.) This line will require
a cleared area beneath. Pole spacing will be at about
200' intervals. The line will be four -wire with single
wooden pole support. Line capacity will be 2,000 KVA.
A communication line for both public telephone and mine
phone will also be hung on this power line.
The land for this corridor is 31 percent private under
CF&I control, 63 percent under BLM administration, and
6 percent private on which rights are being negotiated.
Roadway access to the tram towers and utility lines
will be necessary and this is covered under Paragraph
I.A.3b(7) of this section on roads.
(6) Tram Lower Terminal, Tipple and Railroad Facility
Development of this area will consist of reshaping the
ground to provide for construction of the following:
Tramway lower terminal, two storage bins of about 1500 -
ton capacity each, a rail car loading tipple, and
approximately 4500' of railroad track siding. Design of
this area is only conceptual at this time, but it is
certain that a large amount of fill material will be
required to construct the rail siding. The source of
this material would be the rocky, hilly ground to the
east of the railroad. Construction disturbance to the
agricultural ground between the railroad and the Colorado
River will be minimal and temporary. The entire construc-
tion area, including the borrow areas, would be stripped
of topsoil which would be preserved for redistribution when
construction was complete.
II.A.3b.
Or'Ginat sor¢Cice.
MINING L1KI1}
\—
gJOrry CtcOr
PROFILE PRIOR TO MINING —
Limes -1-0,16
SHALE OVERBURDEN STRIPPED
AND DRILLING FOR INITIAL BENCH~`—
_ZsmIONNIw
,Drikl
LOADING SHOT ROCK FROM INITIAL
BENCH AND DRILLING FOR SECOND BENCH
INITIAL DEVELOPMENT MINING PROFILES
Scale 1" = 100' approx.
5=yv��=`'. J,r_ HCI O- _L -J e
�� 5t,3t C'oc c_ llr...
''''''4'"`„„41'.--446•P''.4:;7:..
Area stripped of overburden
Drilling in progress for first
blast on second level bench 5So'
0 0
O
• 0
0
p r
o • 0
0 0 0
Block drilled for
• • ° " 4 : e" next initial bench shot
s o o • • 0 a e
O 0 0 a 0 0 0 a 0 0
0 o 0 0 q 61
tidocer
PLAN VIEW OF INITIAL QUARRY DEVELOPMENT AREA
scale 1" = 100' approx
DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION
Most of the affected ground in this area is within the
railroad (D&RGW) 100' wide right of way. Outside of this
right of way is other private ownership on which purchase
or rights are being currently negotiated with the land-
owners. Negotiation on use of the railroad land has also
been initiated.
(7) Roads
Access to the plant site will be by use of Forest Service
Road 600 from its origin westward about 10.5 miles to a
point near the center of section 34, T4S,R6814. No major
improvements to the Road are planned; however, prior to
development, a maintenance agreement with the Forest Service
would be negotiated. From the aforementioned point, a
gravel general -duty road would be constructed across
generally level ground to the plant site. This road would
be 30' wide and one mile in length. Due to the gentle
nature of the terrain, no disturbance outside of a 50'
wide right of way would occur. There would be no signi-
ficant cuts or fills. This road would be on private ground
controlled by CF&I.
A short (2000' x 50' wide) haul road will connect the
quarry site with the waste rock disposal area. This will
be a 5 -percent grade road with little disturbance outside
of its width. The land is private under CF&I control.
A 4000' long x 50' wide haul road will be developed to
connect the quarry site with the plant site. This road
will be constructed on an 8 -percent grade on a gentle
side hill. Because of this side hill, some cut and fill
outside of the roadway width will occur. The total width
of the disturbed area should not exceed 100'. This road
will be on private property controlled by CF&I.
Access roads to the tramway tower sites and the power line
will be required both during and after construction. This
roadway access does not need to be continuous. These would
be narrow low-grade roads suitable for four-wheel drive use.
Since the tower locations are not known at this time, the
exact location of the roads cannot be shown. Maximum use
of F.S. Road 600 and existing jeep roads would be made.
About 40 percent of the route would be served by roads on
CF&I controlled land and 60 percent by roads on BLM-admini-
stered land.
II.A.3b.
DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION
Access to the railroad tipple site will be by a road
developed within the railroad right of way. This road
would take off from Highway 6-24 and proceed north about
3/4 mile to the site.
In construction of all of the principal roads, topsoil
would be preserved and prominent cut and fill slopes would
be revegetated. All roads except the tramway access roads
would be considered principal.
c. Production
The production phase description will be divided into eight
categories:
1. Mining
2. Crushing, screening, and stockpiling
3. Reclaiming and haulage
4. Railroad loading
5. Waste dumps
6. Buildings, utilities, and service
7. Scheduling and operating levels
8. Equipment list
(1) Mining
After the surface has been stripped of the shale over-
burden as outlined in the development description, the
actual mining or quarrying can begin.
The surface will have been left benched or terraced so
that crawler mounted, blast hole drills can be moved in.
Six- to nine -inch holes will be drilled from the surface
to the level of the bench floor which is to be established
below. This will be about 25' which will be the normal
bench height. Hole spacing will vary with the size hole
selected and the local character of the rock, but it
would be expected to average about 15'. Drilling rigs
will be equipped with dust collection or suppression
equipment to keep fugitive dust emission to a suitable
level. Initial blasting will be with block shots
(multiple rows) after a working bench face is established.
Shooting may be either single or multiple delay rows.
Average blasts will probably be about 50 holes with an
average charge of about 250 pounds of explosive per hole.
The blasting will be electrically initiated and the
II.A.3c.
DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTIONS
blasting agent or explosive will be prilled ammonium
nitrate, or if the holes are wet, a gelled ammonium
nitrate mix. Delayed and sequenced hole initiation
will be used to improve rock fragmentation and to
reduce blast noise and ground shock.
The sketches in plates 5 and 6 (following Page ) will
be helpful in visualizing the drilling and blasting and
mining sequence.
The objective of the blasting is to reduce the stone
to a coarse mix of rocks having a maximum size of about
24 inches square and a minimum of material less than
3/8 -inch in diameter. In practiceain order to minimize
the latter and also the magnitude of the explosion,
some boulders too large to handle are produced. These
boulders are broken by drilling 12" diameter holes and
blasting with small amounts of explosives, usually less
than one pound.
Primary blasting will occur about once every four weeks.
Secondary blasting may occur once to twice a week.
The quarry area will be fenced beyond the perimeter of
the blasting danger area and will be posted as to the
hazards. Blasting is done at the end of the working shift
and operating personnel are warned by siren and cleared
from the area. The shot rock will be loaded by electric
mining shovel or front-end loader into 35 -ton capacity
end dump haul trucks. These trucks will haul the stone
approximately 1/2 -mile over a 50' wide 8 -percent downhill
grade haul road to the crushing site. Haul road dust
will be controlled by water sprinkled on the road surface.
Over a quarry life of 30 years, an average of not over
two acres per year would be disturbed.
(2) Crushing, Screening, and Stockpiling
Rock hauled from the quarry will be dumped into a hopper/
feeder feeding a 48" x 60" jaw crusher set to crush to a
maximum size of 6'. This crushed stone will move via
belt conveyor to a screening unit which will produce five
products. The first product, which will be all stone over
II.A.3c.
DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTIONS
4" in size, will go to a smaller crusher which will
reduce it to minus 4" in size and return it to the
screen. Three products 4" x 2" stone, 2" x 1" stone
and 1" x 3/8" stone will move via belt conveyor
stackers to open stockpiles. The fifth product, -3/8"
stone will be transferred by truck to a fines dump
area. This fine -size material is not a useful product
for the steel mill. These fines will find some use as
fill and road -surfacing material and there is an occa-
sional small market for them. The fines not used or
sold will remain in the dump area.
A layout sketch of the crushing, screening, and stock-
piling area is shown on Plate 8 (following page ).
(3) Reclaiming and Haulage
Material from the three -coarse -size stockpiles will
be reclaimed (picked up) by a six- to ten -yard capacit-
front-end loader and transported several hundred feet
to the feed hopper for the aerial tram system. Alterna-
tively, the loader may load 35 -ton trucks which will
haul the material to the feeder.
The coarse stone stockpiles will vary from zero to
about 5,000 tons each.
The drive end of the tram system is at the top where
the material is loaded. When the system is loaded,
this drive will actually be a retarding mechanism and
should generate sufficient electricity to furnish about
one half of the power required for simultaneous opera-
tion of all of the electric equipment in the operation.
(Shovel, drill, crusher, screen, conveyors, etc.)
Surplus power which should be a frequent occurrence
will feed back in to the public utility system.
The tram will be designed to operate at a capacity of
about 300 tons per hour. The length will be about
2.1,000' in a straight line from the upper end to the
lower terminal. The elevation drop is about 3000'.
Support towers will be spaced at about 500' intervals.
Average height of these towers is expected to be about
50' with a maximum of 130'.
1I.A.3c.
QUARRY
Plant Area
End Loader
Truck Haul
OVERBURDEN DUMP
FEEDER
LIMESTONE STOCKPILE
1
Plant Area
CRUSHER
SCREEN
11, (fines)
c27-g1P
FINES DUMP
To Pueblo
DOTSERO LIMESOJNE OPERATION
FACILITY FLOWSHEET
U
1500 T0N BIN
RAILROAD CARS
PLATE 7
���
owl
our' mai
°1®" •
DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION
The lower end or terminal of the system will be on
the D&RGW Railroad adjacent to the Colorado River about
2 -mile north of Dotsero Junction. Here material will be
discharged from the buckets into one of two bins of about
1500 tons capacity each. The buckets will then pass back
up the hill empty on the return side of the system.
The theoretical power developed by the system at full
load and 60 -percent mechanical and electrical efficiency
would be 550 -horsepower or 410 -KW.
Pictures of the tram equipment which may be used are
shown on plates 9 and 10 (following Page ).
(4) Railroad Loading
The tipple will consist of the tram bucket discharge
system and two 1500 -ton product bins. These bins will
be located in-line over a railroad siding track. The
planned railroad cars will be 80- to 100 -ton capacity.
There will be space both above and below the loading
point for about 40 cars of storage (2200 feet each way).
Both ends of the loading track will switch on to the
main line D&RGW track. Cars will be loaded by dropping
material directly from the bins. The grade on this
section of track is inadequate for gravity movement of
cars so they will be spotted by mechanical means.
Normal train service would be once daily five days per
week. Plate 11 (following Page ) is a sketch of the
railroad -loading facility and tram terminal.
(5) Waste Dumps
There will be two principal waste dump areas and one
area in which topsoil will be dumped for retention for
use in future reclamation of disturbed areas.
One waste dump site will be for placement of stripping
or waste rock from the quarry. The material placed
here will be primarily the shale overburden which lies
on top of the limestone. In the selected quarry site
this is expected to be about 10' average thickness.
The average deposition rate should be about 40,000
cubic yards of broken material per year or 55,000 tons.
Initially, this material will range in size from 36"
diameter to zero. The larger pieces will gradually break
down in size from the action of weathering and vehicle
traffic. This dump will be constructed by end dumping
II.A.3c.
DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION
into a shallow draw located t2 -mile south of the
quarry. Compaction of the material will be by
truck traffic. Because of the nature of the terrain
and the way in which the dump will be placed, there
will be no possibility of water impoundment. This
waste dump, as depicted on the maps of this report,
shows a 30 -year accumulation of material or about
1,200,000 cu yds.
The second waste dump will be for fine reject material
from the screening operation (3/8" x 0 size), This
reject material is expected to be about 20 percent of
the quarry production. Some of this material will be
used in the operation for fill or road surfacing, and
at times a small market exists for sale of the material,
If 30 percent of this material is used on the property
or sold, then about 50,000 tons per year would be added
to the dump volume. The fines dump as depicted on the
attached maps in this report show a 1.5 million -ton
pile or about a 30 -year accumulation.
Placement of the fines dump will be on a side -hill slope
4 -mile south of the screening operation. Material will
be transported by 20 -ton dump truck and end dumped to
extend the pile. If it is reclaimed for use or sale, it
will be by front-end loader and 20 -ton trucks. There
is no possibility of water impoundment by this dump.
The principal topsoil retention dump will be located
adjacent to the quarry -to -plant haul road. Material
from the quarry, waste dump and plant sites will be
placed here. This will be a relatively small volume of
material and will be about 200,000 cubic yards if top-
soil averages one -foot thick.
(6) Buildings, Utilities, and Service
Service buildings, attendant facilities and utilities
required for the operation will include the following:
>Office, warehouse, changehouse, and shop
building or buildings.
>Fuel storage tanks, both diesel and gasoline,
>Material storage yard.
>Explosive and cap magazines.
>Water system.
>Transformer and power distribution centers.
>Power transmission lines.
>Communications line.
>Roads.
II.A.3c.
Hopper or Bin
Batch Loader
Loading Terminal
Car trips latch of the loader
1
0
HOISTING MACHINERY
,( I till I
tw4
_ . J
Loading Terminal
Moving car receives its load
Discharge Terminal
Load is discharged from the moving car
LOADING & DISCHARGE
TYPE I AERIAL TRAM
pLATE
uESCRIPTIOU OF PROPOSED ACTION
Buildings
The main building will be about 4,000 square feet,
single -story slab, prefab metal construction. It will
house the office, changehouse, shop, and small supplies
warehouse. A second building of similar construction
and about 5000 square feet will be for heavy -equipment
maintenance and large parts warehousing. Buildings
will be well insulated and heated by fuel oil with electric
standby. These buildings will be located in the plant
area near the crushing and screening location,
Fuel
Fuel storage will be in underground tanks. Diesel fuel
10,000 gallons, heating fuel 5,000 gallons, and gasoline
2,000 gallons. Lubricants such as oil and grease will
be kept in a small building adjacent to the equipment
maintenance building.
Materials
There will be a materials storage area for such things
as drill steel, pipe, structural steel, electric cable,
and very large parts such as a spare shovel bucket, etc.
This area will be adjacent to the maintenance building,
Explosives
Separate explosive and cap magazines will be constructed
and located to conform to state and federal codes. These
will be located in bunkers which will be accessible from
the quarry -to -plant haul road. The blasting agent used
will be some form of ammonium nitrate. Storage will be
in an above -ground building, or in a drop trailer. The
storage site will be close to the quarry, These facili-
ties will all be kept locked and will be within fenced
areas.
Water System
Water for the project will come from the Coffee Pot
and Broken Rib Creeks via the Coffee Pot ditch on
which CF&I controls an 11.8 -CFS water right. The major
water requirement is for watering down of the quarry
II,A.3c.
DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION
floor, haul road, and yard areas where traffic is
frequent. This use would not exceed 150,000 gallons
per day. Other water use will be for drill -dust
suppression, plant -dust suppression, equipment wash -
down and sanitary use. Total water consumption should
be under 150,000 gallons per day (0.23 sec. -ft); water
will be stored in a 150,000 -gallon tank with 50,000
gallons protected by standpipe for fire protection;
water will be pumped to the tank which will be located
to provide sufficient gravity head for all uses. Any
water required at the rail -loading site (dust suppression)
will be pumped from the Colorado River; requirements here
would not exceed 5,000 gallons per day. A right to use
this water is being acquired.
A separate 5,000 -gallon tank will be used to store water
for drinking and sanitary purposes. This water will be
treated using an activated charcoal, iodine system. It
is planned to treat the sewage water in a 5,000 -gallon per
day aerobic system with the effluent being used for dust -
suppression water.
Note: If an onsite well proves to be a feasible alternative,
it will be developed as a water source in lieu of Broken
Rib Creek water.
Transformers and Power Distribution
There will be one transformer center at the railroad
loading area (about 50 KVA); one at the plant area
(about 400 KVA), and one at the quarry site (about
500 KVA). All will be located inside locked fenced
enclosures. A skid -mounted circuit breaker and distri-
bution box will be used for quarry mobile equipment (shovel
and drill). Primary voltage will be 24.9 KV and distri-
bution voltages 4160 and 480 volts.
Power Transmission
Primary voltage power at 24,900 volts will come to the
quarry and plant site via a single -pole, three-phase,
four -wire power line located adjacent to the aerial tram
line. Line capacity will be about 2,000 KVA. This line
will also serve to export energy if the mine is using
less than what the tram system is generating.
II,P„3c,
DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION
Communication
Public telephone, TWX, and mine phone lines will be
carried on the power line poles to the plant site.
Radio communications will be available between the
office, quarry, tipple, and supervisory vehicles.
Roads
A 4000' haul road 50' wide will connect the quarry and
plant area. This road will be used by 35 -ton trucks and
various service vehicles. The road will be maintained by
frequent blading with a road grader and dust will be
controlled by sprinkling with a water truck or by
bituminous treatment. These same comments apply to the
1/4 -mile haul road connecting the quarry and stripping dump
site. An estimated 200- to 250 -vehicle movements per day
would occur over these two roads combined.
The one mile plant access road would be used by service,
freight, and personal transportation vehicles. It would
be maintained by a road grader, but not normally wetted.
Traffic would be infrequent, at about 30 -vehicle move-
ments per day.
Further description of these roads and the minor service
roads of the project can be found in Paragraph I.A.3b.(7)
on Page of this report.
Scheduling and Operating Levels
The anticipated rate for quarry production is 350,000
tons of crushed and screened 4" x 3/8" limestone per
year. The average limestone tonnage produced by CF&I's
Monarch Quarry which Dotsero will replace, has been
301,000 tons per year over the last thirty years. The
maximum annual tonnage was 479,094 tons in 1948. The high
for the last ten years was 320,112 in 1969.
The planned production operating schedule is 160 days
per year with work beginning around May first, and extending
till mid-November. Operations would be one 8 -hour, some-
times 10 -hour shift per day; 5, sometimes 6, days per week.
The tram line will be designed for a capacity of about 300
tons per hour.
II.A.3c.
DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION
Railroad trains will be loaded five days per week
during the operating season. Production will be 2,000
to 2,500 tons per day which will be 25 to 30 cars. Rail -
yard design capacity will be about 40 cars.
Employment during the production season will be about 30
persons. During the five -month -off season, some equip-
ment maintenance work will be done and an administrative
and maintenance force of about five persons will be working.
During nonworking times, a watchman will be on duty.
(8) Equipment List
The following is a list of the major mobile equipment and
machinery items planned:
5
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
Item
- 35 -ton off-highway haul trucks
D-8 type tractor dozer
- 4- to 5 -yard electric shovel
- R.R. - 10E -type blast -hole drill
- Air track drill with 900 -CFM comp.
- Explosives truck (11 -ton flatbed)
- Lubricant truck
- 48" x 60" jaw crusher
- 41/2' cone crusher
- 3 -deck vibrating screen
- Belt conveyor system
- 6- to 10 -yard capacity front-end loader
- 20 -ton end dump trucks
- 1/2 -cubic yard loader
- D-7 type tractor dozer
- 300-TPH 21,000' long aerial tram
1 Railroad car mover
1 - Cat 16E -type road grader
1 - 8,000 -gallon water truck
1 - Skid- or track -mounted winch
1 - 35 -ton mobile crane
1 - 12 -ton flatbed utility truck
3 - 3/4 -ton pickup trucks
1 - Hydroseeder
Location
Quarry
Quarry
Quarry
Quarry
Quarry
Quarry
Quarry
Plant
Plant
Plant
Plant
Plant
Plant
Plant
Plant
Plant to Tipple
Tipple
General
General
General
General
General
General
General
II,A.3c.
Duty
Duty
Duty
Duty
Duty
Duty
Duty
DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION
Note:
Operating practices described in the foregoing are preliminary and conceptual
at this stage. Some detail will change as engineering and construction plans
are put in final form and some procedures will be modified by actual operating
conditions. However, the general methods of mining, sizing, and haulage and
the general sequence of events and the types of equipment to be used are
close approximations of the final form. Any significant changes in the above
would be the subject of a revision of this report.
d. Abandonment
The limestone reserves in the area controlled by CF&I are
very large. Production from this proposed operation is
expected to continue beyond 50 years.
(1) Quarry Area
Reclamation of some areas of the quarry can be accomplished
during the operating life of the property.
As areas of the quarry are abandoned, shale overburden,
and/or limestone fines will be placed on the quarry floor
and covered with topsoil to form a soil base for a grassy
meadow -type environment. Overburden and soil will also be
placed on the quarry benches which will be planted with
small trees and shrubs. The quarry highwall faces, which
are too steep and rocky to carry soil and/or support
vegetation will be left bare. The final effect will be a
sheltered flat grassy area semicircularly bordered by a
terraced, cliff -like limestone face. There is not nearly
enough reject material to fill the mining area back up and
backsloping the highwall would only result in much more
land disturbance and create a land area of doubtful utility.
The action, as proposed, will result in an aesthetically
acceptable and very useful land area not unlike much of
the surrounding terrain. Plate 12 (following Page ) shows
a typical quarry section after abandonment.
(2) Stripping Dump
If this material is naturally fine enough or weathers to
a fine condition, it can be placed back on the pit floor
to help form the soil base. If it is too coarse, it
II.A.3d.
Original Ground
Bench - Trees F Shrubs
A
Limestone Face (cliff) - No Vegetation
Level Quarry Floor - Grasses
TYPICAL CROSS SECTION OF ABANDONED QUARRY AFTER RECLAMATION
Original Ground
Approx Scale 1" = 100'
DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION
will be left at the dump site. If left at the dump,
the banks will be sloped to a maximum steepness of
2:1 and the top surface will remain flat. Topsoil
will be reclaimed from the retention areas and placed
on top of all dump final surfaces. Depth of soil
will depend on amount available. Revegetation will
follow.
(3) Fines Dump
Once the quarry is sufficiently developed so that
some areas can be considered finally abandoned, any
surplus fines will be backhauled and placed on the
quarry floor to help form the soil base.
At the abandonment of the project, all of the fines
will have been disposed of either by sale, use or
backfilling and no dump will remain. The area under
the interim dump will have the topsoil replaced and
will be revegetated.
(4) Plant Area
Upon abandonment, all buildings and structures with the
exception of foundations will be removed from the site.
Buried tanks will also be removed. The area will be
left in the terraced condition. Topsoil will be
replaced and revegetation will follow.
(5) Tram/Utility Corridor
Upon abandonment, all tower and pole structures will be
removed. Revegetation of the areas disturbed in the
salvage operation will be accomplished.
(6) Railroad Loading Site
All buildings and structures will be removed and the land
restored to conform to the adjacent land use character.
(7) Roads
On the principal roads such as the quarry haul road and
the plant access road available topsoil will be replaced
and revegetation will follow. Minor roads will be re-
claimed and revegetated as necessary.
II.A.3d.
DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION
Notes on Abandonment
More detail on the reclamation and revegetation of the specific
areas is contained in the appendix section, Exhibit C,
Dismantling of facilities such as roads, powerline, and even the
tram would not be done if all governments, agencies, and private
parties involved were in concurrence of some further use of
the facilities. In which case, ownership or responsibility
would be transferred to some party other than CF&I,
II.A.3d.
DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
The following community types are elements the site vege-
tation mosaic and are identified on Plat- 4.
Meadow Community
Aspen Community
Subalpine Forest Con
Sagebrush Communit
Scrub Oak Communy
1ty
A partial species list able 5) has been prepared from speci-
mens obtained during ` eld investigation. Due to the diversity
and complexity of site vegetation, no attempt has been made
to correlate spe -s with community type.
In addition the communities and life zones mentioned, two
ecozones a represented in the altitudinal range of the site.
An ecozo' is an area of transition between two adjacent,
natura plant communities, usually at different elevations.
One r.y expect intergrading of species and communities in these
zo►•s. (Lower Montane - Upper Montane) Ecozone 6200 - 8000';
•pper Montane - Subalpine) Ecozone 8000 - 9300'.
The affected BLM lands are almost all sagebrush community.
5. Water Resources
Ground water - Little is known about the ground water situation
in the area at this time. Twelve diamond drill holes were put
down to depths ranging from 125 to 385 feet. Six of these
holes were noted to have water at unrecorded depths, this water
may have been introduced during drilling. In 1976, six test
blast holes were sunk to a 35 -foot depth on the proposed quarry
site. These holes were dry.
There is a possibility of underground solution channels carrying
water in the limestone. One of the limestone caves, 20# tic cave,
which is 1.6 miles northeast of the quarry site, has a permanent
flow which is estimated to average 0.25 cfs,
In order to develop site specific ground water data, a hydro -
geologic investigation has been contracted for with the work
to be done in the spring of 1978. Two or three test holes will
be put down at the proposed quarry site.
11.8.5.
DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
These holes will be the full depth of the Leadville limestone
(about 200') and will be used to measure the water condition
and hydraulic gradient. If all three holes are dry, it will
be assumed that no ground water will be encountered to the
mining depth which will be about 100'. As a part of this
same program, the flow from 20# tic cave will be monitored and
baselined.
Surface water - There are no permanent streams on the affected
lands. The nearest such streams are Deep Creek and the Colorado
River. Deep Creek, which drains approximately 50 square miles
to the northwest of the project, flows roughly parallel to and
one mile north of the affected lands. The Colorado River flows
in a southerly direction and will be crossed by the proposed
tram line at the east end of the project. Runoff from the quarry
and plant site area will be into the Deep Creek drainage. Of
the total drainage area of Deep Creek'97.7% is above the quarry
site. The total area of drainage that could be affected by the
project is 1,932 acres or three square miles.
The nature of the surface soils and rock is such that heavy
runoff probably produces little stream sedimentation until
getting down to about the 7,500' elevation. At this point,
nearing the Colorado River, the soils became sandy and shaly and
vegetative cover is sparse.
There are no known recorded flow observations on Deep Creek
though it is a substantial stream. An average estimated flow
would be one to two cfs. A water quality monitoring and base-
line data gathering program has been set up and Deep Creek
water will be sampled above and below the point at which the
proposed operations could have an effect. An initial sampling
of this flow in December of 1977 showed it to be a high -purity
stream with analyses as shown on the following page.
If feasible, an onsite well will be developed near the quarry -
plant area to supply the maximum ].50,000 -gallon -per -day facility
requirement. If this well is not feasible, water will come to
the site from Broken Rib Creek via the Coffeepot Ditch, The
diversion point is five miles west of the plant site on the
Coffeepot Road, CFI controls an 11,8 cfs water right on this
stream.
11.5.5.
DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
DEEP CREEK WATER ANALYSIS
December 1977
Mg/Liter Mg/Li ter
Calcium 44 Cyanide -0.01
Magnesium 12 Fluoride 0.01
Sodium 1.3 Chromium -0.01
Potassium -1.0 Iron -0.05
Carbonate 12 Lead 0.03
Bicarbonate 165 Manganese -0.05
Sulfate -4.0 Mercury -0.001
Chloride -1.0 Molybdenum -0.1
Silica 5.1 Nickel -0.01
Nitrate 1.2 Vanadium -0.1
Aluminum 0.2 Zinc -0.1
Arsenic -0.01 Silver -0.01
Barium 0.5 Selenium -0.01
Boron -0.1 Phenols -0.001
Cadmium -0.01
Cobalt -0.01 TDS 265
Copper -0.1 TSS -1.0
Disolved 02 6.2
Fecal Coliforms - 2/100 ml
Specific Conductance 305 micromhas/cc
PH 8.3
Water is safe for human consumption
- = Less than
The flow rates on Deep Creek and 20# tic cave will be verified at
a later date.
11.8.5.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
The discharge from sanitary and domestic water consumption is
expected to be 2,000 to 3,000 gallons per day. This water
will be run through an aerobic -treatment system, the effluent
from which will be used as dust -suppression water.
There will be no surface water discharge from the operation
and the only possible effect on nearby surface waters would
be from increased sedimentation or siltation into the Deep
Creek drainage. Because of the amount and nature of the
proposed land disturbance, this latter effect is expected to
be totally insignificant.
It is not known if the quarry operations will encounter any
significant ground water. At a similar limestone quarrying
operation at CF&I's Monarch Quarry, no groundwater flows have
ever been encountered in 50 years of operation.
In order to more thoroughly evaluate both the ground water
and surface water situations, a hydrogeologic study and
baseline program has been established. Whatever mitigating
measures that this study indicates as necessary to protect the
water quality, will be taken.
Air Qualit
Ai quality will be affected by the project from the following sources:
a. Fu ive dust from—
'lling and blasting.
Sho,-1 loading of shot rock into trucks.
Vehic - traffic on quarry floor and haul roads.
Truck di
Crushing .•.d screening.
Product sto ailing and reclaiming.
Tram car loadi
Tram car dischar•-.
Railroad car loadi
Incidental vehicle t •ffic to and from facility site.
b. Exhaust emissions from gasoline .gid diesel engines.
Fugitive dust from all sources excep ncidental vehicle
traffic will be controlled by water app cation. The vehicle
exhaust emissions will be controlled by m..ntenance of the
normal internal combustion engine pollution +ntrol devices.
11
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
There will be no water discharge from this projec nto Deep Creek
and the amount and character of the land distur'.nce will not
result in any significant increase in stream ltation or sedi-
mentation during run-off periods.
A person located at any point on Deep reek would be completely
unaware of any quarry activity exc for a low-level sound from
a once -a --week quarry blast.
3. Roads
There are two roads in e affected area. The paved county road
from Dotsero to Bur :, and the gravel Forest Service Road 600,
The impact on the ounty road would be minor with an increase in
vehicle moveme of 10 to 20 per day. No work on this road
should be ne d, Some minor improvement and increased main-
tenance wi be required for the Forest Service Road to assure
reliable .ccess to the quarry. A co-operative agreement between
CF&I a'• the Forest Service would be necessary to accomplish this.
It be practical to utilize a small bus for transport of quarry
p• onnel from the county road to the plant site. This would
rther reduce vehicle movements on USFS Road 600.
4. Water Quality and Consumption
Water use on the project will consist of the following:
Control of fugitive dust from—
Quarry floor operations.
One mile of haul road.
Crushing, screening, and material transfer points,
Crusher cooling.
Sanitary, and domestic use.
Fugitive dust control is expected to consume a maximum of 140,000
gallons of water per day. This water would be applied by spray
tankers on the roads and by spray nozzles at material handling points.
All of this water would be absorbed or evaporated at the point of
application.
The crusher cooling water will be a recirculating system or will be
incorporated into the dust suppression flow so that no discharge or
added net consumption will result,
III.A,3,-4.
ADVERSE IMPACTS AND MITIGATIONS
IV. ADVERSE IMPACTS WHICH CANNOT BE AVOIDED AND MITIGATIONS
A. SOIL AND WATER
Soil disturbance and displacement will occur as a result of
construction of roads, facilities, and the quarry and dump sites.
Those areas in which the disturbance is short term will be re -
vegetated. Those areas which must be left barren because of
continued use, will lose some amount of surface material during
runoff periods. The result will be an increase in turbidity of
surface waters. As a practical matter, the impact will probably
be too slight to measure. There are no permanent streams in the
affected area and only during times of heavy runoff would any
effect on nearby streams be possible.
The permanent stream that drains the affected area is Deep Creek
which runs parallel to and one -mile north of the project. Deep
Creek drains approximately 50 square miles, 97.7 percent of which
is outside of the project area of influence. Deep Creek is about
16 miles long and about four miles at the lower end would be in
the project drainage area.
Some water will be used in the quarry operations, mainly for dust
control. This water will all be absorbed or evaporated at the
point of application and will result in no discharge. Other
incidental water consumption such as for sanitary, cooling, or wash -
down use, will be properly treated and recycled into the dust -control
consumption supply so that there will be no effluent discharge here
either. These facilities are described in the project description
section of this report.
Water quality monitoring of Deep Creek has already begun and this
will be a continuing program at points both above and below the
area of quarry influence. The water quality =nd flow from one of
the cave sites will also be monitored.
Mitigation of the impact on soils will be by revegetation of all
affected areas as soon as possible after disturbance. The revege-
tation plan is a part of this report in appendix, Exhibit C.
Mitigation of possible effects on water quality will be by aerobic
treatment of sewage water and a system design which will result in
no water discharge of any kind.
It should be noted that the erosion potential on 80 percent of the affected
land is classified as slight, by the USDA/SCS. Only 6 percent of the land
has a high classification, (See Table 8).
IV.A.
TO: Garfield County
Planning Department Date: 2-8-78
ATTACHMENT #4
Dotsero Revegetation Plan
DOTSERO RECLAMATION SUMMARY
Rec Cost
Area Acres Per Acre Total Cost
Quarry Floor 80 - $3,116 $249,280
Quarry Benches 5 $3,250 $ 16,250
Plant 25 $1,180 $ 29,500
Dumps 75 $1,180 $ 88,500
Roads (6,000' to 3 $1,247 $ 3,741
7,500' elev)
Roads (7,500' to 8 $1,250 $ 10,000
9,500' elev)
TOTAL 196 $2,027 Avg. $397,271
PropcsA Revegetatian Program for
Dotsero Quarry Floor
Site Preparation
Limestone fines and overburden will be hauled from the refuse dumps
to the lower quarry and plant area. This material, approximately
three feet thick, will be placed over the entire area to form a
subbase for revegetation. A 1 -.to 2 -foot thick layer of topsoil
will then be spread over the subbase and graded as final preparation
for revegetation of the site.
Planting Sequence
Recommended Plant Soecies and Soil Treatment*
Fertilizer
50 lbs nitrogen per acre, apply prior to seeding and
again after the first growing season.
85 lbs phosphorus per acre, apply prior to seeding and
mix into the upper six to 10 inches of the soil.
60 lbs K20 per acre, apply prior to seeding and mix into
the upper six to 10 inches of the soil.
Grasses
Forbs
Lbs of Pure
Live Seed/Acre
Critana Thickspike Wheatgrass (Agror-;ron dczsystachyum) 2
Slender Wheatgrass (A_gropyron tracrucau7um) 3
Manchar Smooth Brome (Bromus inermis) 4
Small Burnet (Sanguisorba minor) 3
Total 12
Mulch
Quarry Floor, cont'd.
2
Double seed rates for broadcast seeding.
Area should be fenced fo; 2-3 years before grazing is
allowed.
Straw Mulch - 3,000 lbs per acre crimped in with a disc.
Estimate of Affected Area - 80 acres
Estimate of Cost - $3,116/acre Total $249,280.
Proposed Post -Reclamation Use - Grazing Area
*Per recommendation from Colorado State University based on high-altitude
test plots at CF&I's Monarch Limestone Quarry.
Proposed Revegetation Program for
Quarry Benches on the Highwall
Site Preparation
Limestone fines and overburden will be hauled from the refuse dumps
to the flat benches on the highwall (the actual steep rock highwall
will not be seed.) This material, approximately three ft thick,
will be placed over the entire area to form a subbase for revegetation.
A 1- to 2 -foot thick layer of topsoil will then be distributed over
the subbase and graded as final preparation for revegetation of the
site.
Planting Sequence
Recommended Plant Species and Soil Treatment*
Fertilizer
50 lbs nitrogen per acre, apply prior to seeding and
again after the first growing season.
86 lbs phosphorus per acre, apply prior to seeding
and mix into the upper six to 10 inches of the soil.
60 lbs K90 per acre, apply prior to seeding and mix into
thr upper six to 10 inches of the soil.
Lbs of Pure
Live Seed/Acre
Grasses
Slender Wheatgrass(Agropyron trachycaulum) 1
Critana Thickspike (A. dasystacnyum) 2
Chewings Fescue (Festuca rubra comnrutata) 1
Creeping Red Fescue (F. rubra stoZonifera) 1
Durar Hard Fescue (F. ovina duriuscula) 0.5
Quarry Benches, cont'd.
2
Forbs and Legumes
Lutana Cicer Mi1kvetch (Astragalus cicer)
Rocky Mountain Pensteion (Penstemon strictua)
Small Burnet (Sanguisorba minor)
Birdsfoot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus)
Shrubs
Common Choke Cherry (Prunus virginana)
Saskatoon Service Berry (Amelanchi er alnifolia)
Double seeding rates for broadcast seeding.
Transplants
Engelmann Spruce (Picea engelmanii)
Lodgepole Pine (Pinus contorta)
White Fir (Abies concoZor)
Mulch
Density will be 100 trees/acre.
Lbs of Pure
Live Seed/Acre
2
1
1.5
2
2
Total 15.0
Straw mulch - 3,000 lbs/acre crimped in with a disc.
Estimate of affected area - 5 acres
Estimate of cost - 53,250/acre
Total S16,250.
Proposed Post-eclamation Use - Wildlife Habitat
*Per recommendation from Colorado State University based on high-altitude
test plots at CF&I's Monarch Limestone Quarry.
Proposed Revegetation Program For
Dotsero Plant Areas
Site Preparation
A one- to trio -foot thick layer of toosoil will be distributed over the
plant area in preparation for revegetation.
Planting Sequence
Recommended Plant Species and Soil Treatment*
Fertilizer
50 lbs nitrogen per acre, apply prior to seeding and
again after the first growing season.
86 lbs phosphorus per acre, apply prior to seeding and
mix into the upper six to 10 inches of the soil.
60 lbs, K20 per acre, apply prior to seeding and mix
into the upper six to 10 inches of the soil.
Lbs of Pure
Live Seed/Acre
Grasses
Critana Thi ckspi ke !lheatgrass (Aarooron aasystachyum) 2
Slender Uheatgrass !- . trachucaulu) 3
Nanc,har Smooth Brome (Tromus inermis) 4
Forbs
Small Burnet (Sanguiacr a minor) 3
Total 12
Double seed rates for broadcast seeding.
Area should be fenced for 2-3 years before
grazing is allowed.
Mulch
Plant Areas, cont'd.
2
Straw mulch - 3,000 lbs per acre crimped in with a disc.
Estimate of affected area -- 25 acres
Estimate of cost - 31,180/acre
Proposed Post -Reclamation Use - Grazing Area
Total S29,500
Per recommendation from Colorado State University based on high-altitude
test plots at CBI's Monarch Limestone Quarry.
Proposed Revegetation Program for
Dotsero Overburden and Fines Dumps
Site Preparation
Any remaining dump material or disturbed ground beneath the dumps
will be covered with a 1- to 2 -foot layer of topsoil in preparation
for revegetation.
Planting Sequence
Recommended Plant Species and Soil Treatment*
Fertilizer
50 lbs nitrogen per acre, apply prior to seeding and
again after the first growing season.
86 lbs phosphorus per acre, apply prior to seeding
and mix into the upper six to 10 inches of the soil.
60 lbs K20 per acre, apply prior to seeding and mix
into the upper six to 10 inches of the soil.
Lbs of Pure
Grasses Live Seed Per Acre
Critana Thickspike Wheatgrass (Agropyron dasystachyum) 2
Slender Wheatgrass (A. trachycauZum) 3
ilanchar Smooth Brome (Bromus inermis) 4
Forbs
Small Burnet (Sanguisorba minor) 3
Total 12
Overburden and Fines Dumps, cont`d.
2
Double seed rates for broadcast seeding.
Area should be fenced for 2-3 years before grazing is
allowed.
Mulch
Straw mulch - 3,000 lbs per acre crimped in
with a disc.
Estimate of affected area - 75 acres
Estimate of cost - $1,180/acre Total $88,500
Proposed Post -Reclamation Use - Grazing Area
*Per recommendation from Colorado State University based on high-altitude
test plots at CF&I `s Monarch Limestone Quarry.
Proposed Revegetation Program for
Roads and Minor Disturbed Areas (6,000-7,500' Elevation)
Site Preparation
A one- to two -foot thick layer of topsoil will be distributed over
the roads and other disturbed areas in preparation for revegetation.
Planting Sequence
Recommended Plant Species and Soil Treatment*
Fertilizer
50 lbs nitrogen per acre, apply prior to seeding
and again after first growing season.
86 lbs phosphorus per acre, apply prior to
seeding and mix into the upper six to 10 inches
of the soil.
50 lbs K20 per acre, apply prior to seeding
and mix into the upper six to 10 inches of the
soil.
Lbs of Pure
Grasses Live Seed/Acre
Slender wheatgrass (Agropyron trachjcaulum) 1
Critana thickspike wheatgrass (A. dasystachyum) 2
Green needlegrass (Stipa viridula) 2
Russian wild rye (Elymus junceus) 1
Regar meadow brome (Bromus eretus) 2
Paloma Indian rice grass (Oryzopsis hymenoides) 1.5
Forbs
Lutana Cicer Milkvetch (Astragalus cicer) 1.5
Lewis Flax (Linum lewisii) 1
Palmer Penstemon (Penstemon paimeri) 1
Emerald Crownvetch (Coronilla varia) 1
Small Burnet (Sanguisorba minor) 1
Shrubs
Minor Disturbed Areas (cont'd.)
2
Common Chokecherry (PPunus virg > na) 2
Saskatoon Service Berry (Ameianc > r ainifoZia) 2
Total 15.0
Mulch
Double seed rate for broadcast seeding.
Straw mulch - up to 4- to 1 -slope, 3,000 lbs
per acre crimped in with a disc.
Woodfiber (or silvafiber) - 3 to 1 and greater
3,000 lbs per acre svayed on.
Estimate of affected area - 8 acres
Estimate of cost S1,250/acre - Total $10,000
Proposed Post -Reclamation Use - Wildlife Habitat
*PEI- recommendation from Colorado State University based on high-altitude
test ploys at CFI's Monarch Limestone Quarry.
Proposed Revegetation Program for
Roads and Minor Disturbed Areas (7,500'-9,500' Elevation)
Site Preparation
A one- to two -foot thick layer of topsoil will be distributed
over the roads and other disturbed areas in preparation for
revegetation.
Planting Sequence
Recommended Plant Species and Soil Treatment*
Fertilizer
50 lbs nitrogen per acre, apply orior to seeding
and again after first growing season.
86 lbs phosphorus per acre, apply prior to seeding
and mix into the upper six to 10 inches of the soil.
60 lbs K20 per acre, apply prior to seeding and
mix into the upper six to 10 inches of the soil.
Lbs of Pure
Grasses Live Seed/Acre
Forbs
Slender wheatgrass (.4gropyron :trachycauZum)
Critana thickspike rA. dasystachuum)
Chewings fescue (Festuca ruba commutata)
Creeping red fescue ('. ruba stolonifera)
Durar hare. fescue (f. ovina duriuscula)
and Legumes
1
2
1
((��
1
0.5
Lutana cicer milkvetch (Astragalus cicer) 2
Rocky mountain penstemon (Penstemon strictus) 1
Small burnet (Sanauisorba minor) 1
Birdsfoot trefoil 4(Lotus corniculatus) 1.5
Shrubs
Mulch
Minor Disturbed Areas (cont'd.)
2
Lbs of Pure
Live Seed/Acre
Winterfat ("eratoides 7anata) 1
Four Wing Salt Bush (^trio".ex aaneseens) 2
Total 13.f
Double seed rate for broadcast seeding
Straw mulch - up to 4- to 1 -slope, 3,000 lbs
per acre crimped in with a disc.
Wood fiber (or silva Fiber) - 3 to 1 and great'
3,000 lbs per acre sprayed on.
Estimate of affected area - 3 acres
Estimate of costs S1,247/acre Total $3,741
Proposed Post -Reclamation Use - Wildlife Habitat
*Per recommendation from Colorado State University based on high-altitude
test plots at CFI's Canon Dolomite Quarry.
DOTSERO RECLAMATION SUMMARY
Rec Cost
Area Acres Per Acre Total Cost
Quarry Floor 80 $3,116 S249,280
Quarry Benches 5 $3,250 $ 16,250
Plant 25 $1,180 $ 29,500
Dumps 75 $1,180 $ 88,500
Roads (6,000' to 3 $1,247 $ 3,741
7,500' elev)
Roads (7,500' to 8 $1,250 $ 10,000
9,500' elev)
TOTAL 196 $2,027 Avg. 5397,2.71