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HomeMy WebLinkAbout01.07 Soils ReportUnited Stales Department of Agriculture Forest Service White River National Forest, Aspen, Dillon, Eagle, Holy Cross, Rifle, and Sopris Ranger Districts Soil and Ecological Land Unit Survey. Holy Cross Area, Colorado < o . <.'lit4:^ .... ;., z, �ft.f ....:.i2f'2 ::--isa2':2ii-'•J: C171)>)�C.i.. < i �C<Q�t3l.,t ti t 1 fit : f� /3ij )f % ��:�? <ci Si 1>3t2t ���2 '" " ,T illi )��i <O>Stl` �i<<V�iiZ(� t••s•Y�. Af�'i).,;ist �� >: o c �'C o>2.,>\\. g -t ;i' -''.�Y4;i� ;. .,> 41).Nr (a `ft .44 fir, > • �>;c�`��u?�i�i?.�:,;:� `i�'_ . ' `, ..... • §> tom( < .. • `�:�i��y r �'��.,(�,.wi -. j jl``I' . hiteRiver:National Forest • White River National Forest. Colorado Map Unit: 104A—Cryoborolls - Cryaquolls association, 0 to 15 percent slopes. Ecological Land Unit: 104A—willows and sedges on montane and subalpine, valleys. MAP UNIT SETTINGS Location: throughout the survey area. Landform: valleys. Parent material: alluvium. Geologic symbol: Qa. Elevation range: 9000 to 11800 feet. Aspect: all. Climatic zone:. montane and subalpine. Mean annual precipitation: 20 to 40 inches. Mean annual air temperature: 34°F. to 42°F. Average annual snowfall: 200 to 400 inches. COMPOSITION 65 percent Cryoborolls and similar soils. 30 percent Cryaquolls and similar soils. Contrasting Inclusions 5 percent Typic Cryochrepts under spruce, fir and pine. TYPICAL PROFILES: Cryoborolls Surface Iayer(s): 0 to 2 inches - grayish brown, channery silt loam. 2 to 12 inches - brown, silt loam. Subsurface layer(s): 12 to 20 inches - pale brown, silt loam. Subsoil layer(s): 20 to 47 inches - pale brown, channery silt loam. Substratum Iayer(s): 47 to 60 inches - grayish brown, channery silt loam. Cryaquolls Surface covering layer: 2 to 0 inches - sedge litter and duff. Surface Iayer(s): 0 to 15 inches - very dark gray, silt loam. Subsoil layer(s): 15 to 22 inches - light gray, gravelly sandy clay loam. 22 to 60 Inches - reddish yellow, clay loam. SOIL PROPERTIES AND DUALITIES Cryoborolls Effective rooting depth: greater than 60 inches. Drainage class: well. Depth to seasonal high water table: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: moderate. Permeability: moderate. Runoff: moderate. Cryaquolls Effective rooting depth: greater than 60 inches. Drainage class: 0 to 1 feet. Available water capacity: moderate. Permeability: moderate. Runoff: moderate. VEGETATION Potential natural communities: Cryoborolls: aspen/mountain snowberry (Potr1 /Syor1) moist site and mountain big sagebrush/Thurber fescue (Artry/Feth) and Thurber fescue/Idaho fescue (Feth/Feid). Cryaquolls: planeleaf willow/water sedge (Saphp/Caaq) and Booth willow- willow/bluejoint reedgrass (Sabo 1-SALI/Caca) and (Vete/Hesp) clayey soil. Seral stages: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities Present vegetation: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities USE AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS Major uses: homesites, livestock grazing, wildlife habitat, aquatic habitat, scenic vistas and watershed. Mass movement potential:- Landslides: otential:-Landslides: low. Debris flows: low. Snow avalanche: low. Road and trail limitations: Cut and fill slope stability Cryoborolls: moderate- variable textures. Cryaquolls: severe- high water table and saturated soil. Improved unsurfaced roads: Cryoborolls: moderate- variable textures and proximity to wetlands. Cryaquolls: severe- high water table. Offroad vehicle roads and trails: Cryoborolls: moderate- variable textures, proximity to wetlands and surface compaction and rutting. Cryaquolls: severe- high water table. Foot balls and paths: Cryoborolls: slight. Cryaquolls: severe- high water table. Revegetation limitations: Page 3 DRAFT 8/31/94 Cryoborolls: slight. Cryaquolls: moderate- high water table. Revegetation considerations: Revegetating Cryaquolls soil with riparian vegetation requires maintaining a high water table. Buffer zones are required on adjacent map units to minimize impacts to wetlands. soli and ecological land unit survey Timber management considerations: Buffer zones are required on adjacent map units to minimize impacts to wetlands. Wildlife management considerations: This map unit provides food, shelter and water to upland game animals. Where streams occur, this map unit provides aquatic habitat.. Acid precipitation buffering capacity: high. Pepe 4 DRAFT 8/31/94 i Map Unit: 220B-Leadville family, till substratum, 5 to 40 percent slopes. Ecological Land Unit: 2208—subalpine fir and Engelmann spruce on montane and subalpine, pound and lateral moraines. MAP UNIT SETTINGS Location: glaciated parts of the survey area where sedimentary rocks predominate. Landform: gound and lateral moraines. Parent material: glacial till. Geologic symbol: Qd. Elevation range: 9000 to 11000 feet. Aspect: all. Climatic zone:. montane and subalpine. Mean annual precipitation: 20 to 40 inches. Mean annual air temperature: 34°F. to 42°F. Average annual snowfall: 200 to 400 inches COMPOSITION 95 percent Leadville and similar soils. Contrasting Inc/usions 5 percent Cryaquolls on ponded drainages. TYPICAL PROFILES: Leadville Surface covering layer: 1.5 to 0 inches - spruce, fir and pine litter and duff. Surface layer(s): 0 to 1 inches - dark yellowish brown, loam. 1 to 7 inches - yellowish brown, gravelly silt loam. Subsurface layer(s): 7 to 15 inches - pink, very cobbly silt loam. 15 to 20 inches - pink, very cobbly very fine sandy loam. Subsoil layer(s): 20 to 31 inches - pink, extremely cobbly sandy clay loam. 31 to 40 inches - pink, extremely cobbly clay loam. 40 to 60 inches - pink, very cobbly clay loam. SOIL PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES Leadville —Effective rooting depth: greater than 60 inches. • Soil and ecological land unit survey Drainage class: well. Depth to seasonal high water table: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: moderate. Permeability: moderate. Runoff: moderate. VEGETATION Potential natural communities: - Leadville: subalpine fir -Engelmann spruce/Rocky Mountain whortleberry (Abia- Pien1Namy) below 11,000 feet and subalpine fir -Engelmann spruce/grouse whortleberry (Abla-Pian 1 Nasci above 11,000 feet. Seral stages: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities Present vegetation: dominated by plants of the -respective potential natural communities USE AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS Major uses: timber harvest, limited livestock grazing, wildlife habitat and watershed. Mass movement potential: Landslides: low. Debris flows: low. Snow avalanche: low. Road and trail limitations: Cut and fill slope stability Leadville: slight. Improved unsurfaced roads: Leadville: slight. Offroad vehicle roads and trai/s: Leadville: moderate- cobbles and stones. Foot trails and paths: Leadville: slight. Revegetation limitations: Leadville: moderate. Revegetation considerations: Mulch will conserve soil moisture and protect seedling establishment.. Timber management considerations: Inclusions of Cryaquolls soil require buffer zones to protect wetlands. Wildlife management considerations: This map unit provides shelter for upland game animals. _ Acid precipitation buffering, capacity: moderate. Page 18 DRAFT 8/31/94 Map Unit: 223B—Leighcan family - Rock outcrop - Cryaquolls complex, 0 to 40 percent slopes. Ecological Land Unit: 223B—subalpine fir, Engelmann spruce, willows and sedge on montane and subalpine, ice scoured glacial valley bottoms. MAP UNIT SETTINGS Location: glaciated parts of the survey area where igneous and metamorphic rocks predominate. Landform: ice scoured glacial valley bottoms. Parent material: glacial till. Geologic symbol: Qd. Elevation range: 9500 to 11800 feet. Aspect: all. Climatic zone:. montane and subalpine. Mean annual precipitation: 20 to 40 inches. Mean annual air temperature: 34°F. to 42°F. Average annual snowfall: 200 to 400 Inches. COMPOSITION 40 percent Leighcan and similar soils. 30 percent Rock outcrop. 20 percent Cryaquolls and similar soils. Contrasting inclusions 7 percent Hechtman family on ice scoured residuum. 3 percent Handan family under meadows. TYPICAL PROFILES: Leighcan Surface covering layer: 1.5 to 0 Inches - spruce, fir and pine litter and duff. Surface layer(s): 0 to 2 inches - yellowish brown, very cobbly silt loam. Subsurface layer(s): 2 to 7 Inches - very pale brown, very cobbly loamy coarse sand. 7 to 14 inches - very pale brown, very cobbly sandy loam. Subsoil layer(s): 14 to 24 inches - very pale brown, extremely stony sandy loam. 24 to 32 Inches - yellowish brown, extremely cobbly sandy loam. Substratum layer(s): 32 to 72 inches - light gray, extremely - cobbly sandy loam. Rock outcrop Soil and ecological land unit survey Cryaquolls Surface covering layer: 2 to 0 inches - sedge litter and duff. Surface layer(s): 0 to 15 inches - very dark gray, silt loam. Subsoil layer(s): 15 to 22 inches - light gray, gravelly sandy clay loam. - 22 to 60 inches - reddish yellow, clay loam. SOIL PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES Leighcan Effective rooting depth: greater than 20 inches. Drainage class: somewhat excessively. Depth to seasonal high water table: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: low. Permeability: moderately rapid. Runoff: slow. Rock outcrop Landform: Ice scoured knobs, benches and cliffs. Parent material: residuum. Rock type: igneous and metamorphic. Runoff: rapid. Cryaquolls Effective rooting depth: greater than 60 inches. Drainage class: well. Depth to seasonal high water table: 0 to 1 feet. Available water capacity: moderate. Permeability: moderate. Runoff: slow. VEGETATION Potential natural communities: - Lelghcan: lodgepole pine/Rocky Mountain whortleberry (PlcoNamy) below 10,000 feet and subalpine fir -Engelmann spruce/Rocky Mountain whortleberry (Abla-PIen1Namy). below 11,000 feet and subalpine fir - Engelmann spruce/grouse whortleberry (Abla- Pien 1 Nasc) above 11,000 feet. Cryaquolls: planeleaf willow/water sedge (Saphp/Caaq) stream drainagesbelow 11,000 feet and grayleaf willow-willow/sedges (Sag11- SALI/CARE) stream drainages above 11,000 feet and (Caaq/Caut) seeps and bogs. Seral stages: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities Present vegetation: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities Page 20 DRAFT 8/31/94 White River National Forest, Colorado USE AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS Major uses: wildlife habitat, limited livestock grazing, recreation and watershed. Mass movement potential: Landslides: low. Debris flows: low. Snow avalanche: low. Road and trail limitations: Cut and fill slope stability Leighcan: slight. Rock outcrop: severe- bedrock. Cryaquolls: severe- wetlands and high water table. Improved unsurfaced roads: Leighcan: slight. Rock outcrop: severe- bedrock. Cryaquolls: severe- wetlands and high water table. Offroad vehicle roads and trails.- Leighcan: rails.Leighcan: slight. Rock outcrop: severe- bedrock. Cryaquolls: severe- wetlands and high water table. Foot trails and paths: Leighcan: slight. Rock outcrop: severe- bedrock. Cryaquolls: severe- wetlands and high water table. Revegetation limitations: Leighcan: slight- low available water capacity and low inherent fertility. Rock outcrop: slight- bedrock. Cryaquolls: severe- wetlands and high water table. Revegetatlon considerations: Revegetating Leighcan soil requires mulch to retain soil moisture and fertilizer to supplement low Inherent fertility. Revegetating Cryaquolls soil with riparian vegetation requires maintaining a high water table.. Timber management considerations: Cryaquolls soil require buffer zones to protect wetlands. Wildlife management consider ations: This map unit provides food, shelter and water to upland game animals. Where streams occur, this map unit provides aquatic habitat.. Acid precipitation buffering capacity: low. Page 21 DRAFT 8131194 Map Unit: 302D—Subwell family - Ustochrepts - Rock outcrop complex, 40 to 150 percent slopes, eroded. Ecological Land Unit: 3020—Gambel oak and mountain mahogany on lower montane, south facing steep to very steep mountain slopes. MAP UNIT SETTINGS Location: throughout the survey area. Landform: steep to very steep mountain slopes. Parent material: colluvium and residuum. Geologic symbol: Tgl, Kd, Pm, PPm, TrPs. Elevation range: 7000 to 8500 feet. Aspect: south. Climatic zone:. lower montane. Mean annual precipitation: 16 to 25 inches. Mean annual air temperature: 42°F. to 48°F. Average annual snowfall: 100 to 200 inches. COMPOSITION 40 percent Subwell and similar soils. 30 percent Ustochrepts and similar soils. 20 percent Rock outcrop. Contrasting inclusions 10 percent Duffymont family on residuum. TYPICAL PROFILES: Subwell Surface covering layer: . 2 to 0 inches - oak, grass and forb litter. Surface layer(s): 0 to 6 inches - reddish brown, bouldery loam. 6 to 13 inches - reddish brown, very cobbly loam. Subsoil layer(s): 13 to 22 inches - red, very cobbly loam. 22 to 31 inches - red, very cobbly sandy clay loam. 31 to 60 inches - reddish brown, sandy clay loam. Ustochrepts Surface layer(s): 0 to 3 inches - reddish brown, sandy loam. Subsoil layer(s): 3 to 11 inches - light red, gravelly sandy loam. 11 to 22 inches - light reddish brown, extremely gravelly sandy loam. Unweathered bedrock: 22 inches - hard fractured sandstone. Rock outcrop SOIL PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES Soil and ecological land unit survey Subwell Effective rooting depth: greater than 20 inches. Drainage class: well. Depth to seasonal high water table: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: moderate. Permeability: moderate. Runoff: moderate. Ustochrepts Effective rooting depth: greater than 10 inches. Drainage class: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: low. Permeability: moderately rapid. Runoff: moderate. Rock outcrop Landform: cliffs and talus. Parent materia!: residuum and colluvium. Rock type: sedimentary rock. Runoff: rapid. VEGETATION Potential natural communities: Subwell: Gambel oak/Saskatoon serviceberry (Quga/Amal). - Ustochrepts: mountain-mahogany/bluebunch wheatgrass (Cemo/Rosy). Seral stages: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities Present vegetation: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities USE AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS Major uses: wildlife habitat, senic vistas and watershed. Mass movement potential: Landslides: low. Debris flows: moderate. Snow avalanche: moderate. Road and trail limitations: Cut and fill slope stability Subwell: moderate- slope. Ustochrepts: moderate- slope. Rock outcrop: slight- bedrock. Improved unsurfaced roads: Subwell: severe- slope. Ustochrepts: severe- slope. Rock outcrop: severe- cliffs and unstable talus. Offroad vehicle roads and trails: Subwell: severe- slope and erosion hazard. Ustochrepts: severe- slope and erosion hazard. Page 42 DRAFT 8131/94 ( White River National Forest, Colorado Rock outcrop: severe- cliffs and unstable talus. Foot trails and paths: Subwell: moderate- slope. Ustochrepts: severe- slope and erosion hazard. Rock outcrop: severe- cliffs and unstable talus. Revegetation limitations:- Subwell: moderate- slope and erosion hazard. Ustochrepts: severe- slope, erosion hazard and low inherent fertility. Rock outcrop: severe- bedrock. Revegetation considerations: Plant drought tolerant plants tosurvive south facing slopes. Mulch will conserve soil moisture and protect seedling establishment. Surface netting will reduce the erosion hazard. Wildlife management considerations: This map unit provides food, shelter and winter habitat for upland game animals. Fire management considerations: Suseptible to shrub and grass fires. Acid precipitation buffering capacity: high. Pepe 43 DRAFT 8/31/94 Map Unit: 3136—Scout family - Rubble land - Seitz family complex, 5 to 40 percent slopes. Ecological Land Unit: 3138—subalpine fir and Engelmann spruce on subalpine, collapsed basalt plateaus and landslides. MAP UNIT SETTINGS Location: Four Mile, Basalt and Sheephcrn areas. Landform: collapsed basalt plateaus and landslides. Parent material: till. Geologic symbol: Qta, Od, Tb. Elevation range: 9000 to 1 1000 feet. Aspect: all. Climatic zone:: subalpine. Mean annual precipitation: 25 to 40 inches. Mean annual air temperature: 34°F. to 38°F. Average annual snowfall: 300 to 400 inches. COMPOSITION 45 percent Scout and similar soils. 30 percent Rubble land. 20 percent Seitz and similar soils. Contrasting Inclusions 5 percent cryaquolls on ponded drainages. TYPICAL PROFILES: Scout Surface covering layer: 1.5 to 0 inches - spruce, fir and pine litter and duff. Surface layer(s): 0 to 7 inches - light brown, very cobbly loam. Subsurface Iayer(s): 7 to 19 inches - light reddish brown, extremely cobbly fine sandy loam. 19 to 30 inches - light reddish brown, extremely gravelly sandy loam. Subsoil layer(s): 30 to 39 inches - red, extremely gravelly sandy loam. 39 to 57 inches - red, extremely cobbly sandy loam. 57 to 72 inches - red, extremely cobbly sandy clay loam. Rubble land Seitz Surface covering layer: 1 to 0 inches - spruce, fir and pine litter and duff. Surface Iayer(s): Soil and ecological lend unit survey 0 to 3 inches - pale brown, stony silt loam. 3 to 17 inches - brown, cobbly silt loam. Subsurface Iayer(s): 17 to 22 inches - pale brown, very cobbly silty clay. 22 to 45 inches - yellowish brown, very cobbly clay. Subsoil Iayer(s): 45 to 63 inches - light yellowish brown, extremely stony clay. 63 to 72 inches - pale brown, extremely cobbly clay. to inches - , extremely channery coarse sand. SOIL PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES Scout Effective rooting depth: greater than 60 inches. Drainage class: somewhat excessively. Depth to seasonal high water table: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: low. Permeability: moderately rapid. Runoff: moderate. Rubble land Landform: boulder fields. Parent material: till. Rock type: igneous. Runoff: slow. Seitz Effective rooting depth: greater than 40 inches. Drainage class: well. Depth to seasonal high -water table: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: high. Permeability: slow. Runoff: moderate. VEGETATION . Potential natural ccmmunities: Scout: subalpine fir -Engelmann spruce/Rocky Mountain whortleberry (Abla-Pien1Namy). Seitz: 0. Seral stages: dominated with plants of the potential natural community Present vegetation: dominated by plants of the potential natural community USE AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS Major uses: wildlife habitat and watershed. Mass movement potential: Lands/ides: low. Page 50 DRAFT 8/31/94 White River National Forest, Colorado Debris flows: low. Snow avalanche: low. Road and trail limitations: Cut and fill slope stability Scout: slight. Rubble land: moderate- variable materials. Seitz: moderate- fine textured materials. Improved unsurfaced roads: Scout: slight. Rubble land: moderate- cobbles, stones and boulders. Seitz: moderate- low load bearing strength. Offroad vehicle roads and trails: Scout: slight. Rubble land: severe- cobbles, stones and boulders. Seitz: moderate- mud during seasonal wet periods, low load bearing strength, surface compaction and rutting. Foot trails and paths: Scout: slight. Rubble land: moderate- cobbles, stones and boulders. Seitz: slight. Revegetation limitations: Scout: slight. Rubble land: severe- cobbles, stones and boulders. Seitz: slight. Revegetation considerations: Mulch will conserve soil moisture and protect seedling establishment.. Timber management considerations: Rubble land makes planting difficult. Wildlife management considerations: This map unit provides shelter for upland game animals. Acid precipitation buffering capacity: moderate. Page 51 DRAFT 8131(94 Map Unit: 317C—Stonyridge - Eyre families complex, 40 to 65 percent slopes. Ecological Land Unit: 317C—Douglas fir on lower montane, north facing steep mountain slopes. MAP UNIT SETTINGS Locatlon: lower elevations of the survey area. Landform: steep mountain slopes. - Parent material: colluvium and residuum. - Geologic symbol: Two, Kmv, Kp. Elevation range: - 7500 to 9500 feet. Aspect: north. -Climatic zone:. lower montane. - Mean annual precipitation: 16 to 25 inches. - Mean annual air temperature: 42°F. to 48°F. --Average annual snowfall: 100 to 200 inches. COMPOSITION 60 percent Stonyridge and similar soils. 25 percent Eyre and similar soils. —Contrasting inclusions 10 percent Leadville family under dense stands of Douglas fir. 5 percent cliffs and talus. TYPICAL PROFILES: Stonyridge Surface covering layer: 3 to 0 inches - oak, grass and forb litter and duff. Surface Iayer(s): 0 to 7 inches - dark grayish brown, silt loam. 7 to 13 inches - dark grayish brown, gravelly silt loam. Subsurface layer(s): 13 to 24 inches - pale brown, very gravelly sandy loam. Subsoil Iayer(s): 24 to 52 inches - brown, very flaggy clay loam. 52 to 60 inches - , extremely flaggy day loam. Eyre Surface covering layer: 1 to 0 inches - aspen, grass and forb litter. Surface Iayer(s): 0 to 5 inches - reddish gray, gravelly loam. 5 to 12 inches - reddish brown, very gravelly loam. Subsoil layer(s): Soil and ecological land unit survey 12 to 17 inches - light red, extremely cobbly sandy clay loam. Unweathered bedrock: inches - hard sandstone. SOIL PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES Stonyridge Effective rooting depth: greater than 20 inches. Drainage class: well. Depth to seasonal high water table: greater - than 6 feet. Available water capacity: moderate. Permeability: moderate. Runoff: moderate. Eyre — Effective rooting depth: Tess than 20 inches. Drainage class: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: low. Permeability: moderate. Runoff: . VEGETATION Potential natural communities: Stonyridge: Douglas fir/Gambel oak (Psme/Quga). Eyre: Douglas fir/Gambel oak (Psme/Quga). Seral stages: dominated with plants of the potential natural community Present vegetation: dominated by plants of the potential natural community USE AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS Major uses: limited timber harvest, limited livestock grazing, wildlife habitat and watershed. Mass movement potential: Landslides: low. Debris flows: low. Snow avalanche: low. Road and trail limitations: Cut and fill slope stability Stonyridge: moderate- slope. Eyre: slight. Improved unsurfaced roads: Stonyridge: severe- slope. Eyre: severe- slope and shallow depth to bedrock. Offroad vehicle roads and trails: Stonyridge: severe- slope and erosion hazard. Eyre: severe- slope, shallow depth to bedrock and erosion hazard. Foot trails and paths: Page 54 DRAFT 8/31/94 White River National Forest, Colorado Stonyridge: moderate- slope and erosion hazard. Eyre: moderate- slope and erosion hazard. Revegetation limitations: Stonyridge: moderate- slope low available water capacity, and erosion hazard. Eyre: severe- slope, low available water — capacity, shallow depth to bedrock and erosion hazard. Revegetation considerations: Plant drought tolerant plants to survive south facing slopes. Mulch will conserve soil moisture and protect seedling establishment. Surface netting will reduce the erosion hazard. Timber management considerations: Tree establishment requires shade from shrub canopy cover. Wildlife management considerations: This map unit provides food, shelter and winter habitat for livestock and upland game animals. Acid precipitation buffering capacity: high. Page 55 DRAFT 8131194 White River Nadonel Forest, Colorado Map Unit: 331 C—Peeler - Leadville families complex, 40 to 65 percent slopes. Ecological Land Unit: 331C—subalpine fir and Engelmann spruce on subalpine, north facing landslide and slump scarp faces. MAP UNIT SETTINGS Location: Four Mile part of the survey area. Landform: landslide and slump scarp faces. Parent material: residuum and colluvium. Geologic symbol: Two. Elevation range: 9000 to 10500 feet. Aspect: north. Climatic zone:. subalpine. Mean annual precipitation: 25 to 40 inches. Mean annual air temperature: 34°F. to 38°F. Average annual snowfall: 300 to 400 inches. COMPOSITION 50 percent Peeler and similar soils. 35 percent Leadville and similar soils. Contrasting inclusions - 10 percent Hechtman family an residuum. TYPICAL PROFILES: Peeler Surface covering layer: 1 to 0 inches - spruce, fir and pine litter and duff. Surface layer(s): 0 to 1 inches - very dark gray, silt loam. Subsurface Iayer(s): 1 to 15 inches - pale brown, loam. Subsoil Iayer(s): 15 to 44 inches - very pale brown, gravelly clay loam. 44 to 60 inches very pale brown, sandy loam. Leadville Surface covering layer: 1.5 to 0 inches - spruce, fir and pine litter and duff. Surface Iayer(s): 0 to 1 inches - dark yellowish brown, loam. 1 to 7 inches - yellowish brown, gravelly silt loam. Subsurface Iayer(s): 7 to 15 inches - pink, very cobbly silt loam. 15 to 20 inches - pink, very cobbly very fine sandy loam. Subsoil layer(s): 20 to 31 inches - pink, extremely cobbly sandy day loam. 31 to 40 inches - pink, extremely cobbly clay loam. 40 to 60 inches - pink, very cobbly clay loam. SOIL PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES Peeler Effective rooting depth: greater than 40 inches. Drainage class: well. Depth to seasonal high water table: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: moderate. Permeability: moderate. Runoff: moderate. Leadville Effective rooting depth: greater than 40 inches. Drainage class: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: moderate. Permeability: moderate. Runoff: moderate. VEGETATION Potential natural communities: Peeler: subalpine fir -Engelmann spruce/elk sedge (Abla-Pien1/Cagel). Leadville: subalpine fir -Engelmann spruce/elk sedge (Abla-Pien1/Cagel) and subalpine fir - Engelmann spruce/Rocky Mountain whortleberry (Abla-Pien 1 Namy) . Seral stages: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities Present vegetation: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities USE AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS Major uses: wildlife habitat and watershed. Mass movement potential: - Landslides: low. Debris flows: moderate. Snow avalanche: moderate. Road and trail limitations: Cut and fill slope stability Peeler: severe- slope, fine grained materials. Leadville: moderate- slope. Improved unsurfaced roads: - Peeler: severe- slope. Leadville: severe- slope. Offroad vehicle roads and trails: Peeler: severe- slope and erosion hazard. Leadville: severe- slope and erosion hazard. Foot trails and paths:— Peeler: moderate- slope. Page 59 DRAFT 8/31/94 Leadville: moderate- slope. Revegetation limitations: Peeler: moderate- slope and erosion hazard. Leadville: moderate- slope and erosion hazard. Revegetation considerations: Mulch will conserve soil moisture and protect seedling Soil end ecological lend unit survey establishment. Surface netting will reduce the erosion hazard. Timber management considerations: Limited by slope and erosion hazard. Wildlife management considerations: This map unit provides shelter for upland game animals. Acid precipitation buffering capacity: moderate. Page 60 DRAFT 8/31/94 White River National Forest. Colorado Map Unit: 332B—Echemoor family, 5 to 40 percent slopes. Ecological Land Unit: 3328—aspen on montane, south facing slumps, landslides and structural benches. MAP UNIT SETTINGS Location: Four Mile part of the survey area. Landform: slumps, landslides and structural benches. Parent material: residuum and slope wash. Geologic symbol: Two. Elevation range: 8000 to 10000 feet- Aspect: south. Climatic zone:. montane. Mean annual precipitation: 20 to 30 inches. Mean annual air temperature: 38°F. to 42°F. Average annual snowfall: 200 to 300 inches. COMPOSITION 85 percent Echemoor and similar soils. Contrasting inclusions 10 percent Wetopa family on shale high in clay content. 3 percent Tampico family on residuum. 2 percent Cryaquolls on seeps and ponded drainages. TYPICAL PROFILES: Echemoor Surface covering layer: .5 to 0 inches - aspen, grass and forb duff. Surface layer(s): 0 to 16 inches - dark brown, silt loam. Subsurface layer(s): 16 to 22 inches - brown, clay loam. Subsoil layer(s): 22 to 34 inches - brown, sandy clay loam. Weathered bedrock: 34 to 60 inches - soft weathered shale. SOIL PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES - Echemoor Effective rooting depth: greater than 40 inches. Drainage class: well. Depth to seasonal high water table: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: high. Permeability: moderately slow. Runoff: moderate. VEGETATION Potentia! natural communities.-= Echemoor: aspen/mountain snowberry (Potr1 /Syor1) typical site and aspen/Saskatoon serviceberry-chokecherry (Potr1 /Amal-Pavi1) below 9,500 feet and aspen/lingusticum (Potr1 /LIGU) moist site. Sera/ stages: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities Present vegetation: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities USE AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS - Major uses: timber harvest, livestock grazing, senic vistas, wildlife habitat and watershed. Mass movement potential: Landslides: low. Debris flows: low. Snow avalanche: low. Road and trail limitations: Cut and fill slope stability Echemoor: moderate- fine grained material. Improved unsurfaced roads: Echemoor: moderate- low load bearing strength. Offroad vehic/e roads and trails: Echemoor: moderate- surface rutting and compaction. Foot trails and paths: Echemoor: slight. Revegetation limitations:- Echemoor: slight. Revegetation considerations: Aspen regenerates naturally. Mulch will conserve soil moisture and protect seedling establishment.. Timber management considerations: Aspen will regenerate naturally. Mechanical equipment can cause compaction. Wildlife management considerations: This map unit provides food and shelter for livestock and upland game animals. Acid precipitation buffering capacity: high. Page 81 DRAFT 8131/94 Map Unit: 3368—Gateview - Handran - Duffymont families complex, 0 to 25 percent slopes. Ecological Land Unit: 3368—Gambel oak and aspen on lower montane, benchs and mesas. MAP UNIT SETTINGS Location: Four Mile, Divide Creek and Woody Creek parts of the survey area. Landform: benchs and mesas. Parent material: residuum and colluvium. Geologic symbol: Kmvu, Pm. Elevation range: 7500 to 8500 feet. Aspect: all. Climatic zone:. lower montane. Mean annual precipitation: 16 to 25 inches. Mean annual air temperature: 42°F. to 48°F. Average annual snowfall: 100 to 200 inches. COMPOSITION 40 percent Gateview and similar soils. 30 percent Handran and similar soils. 25 percent Duffymont and similar soils. Contrasting inclusions - 5 percent Quander family on shale and siltstone. TYPICAL PROFILES: Gateview Surface covering layer: 3 to 0 inches - aspen, grass and forb litter and duff. Surface Iayer(s): 0 to 19 inches - dark reddish gray, gravelly loam. Subsoil layer(s): 19 to 29 inches - reddish brown, very cobbly loam. 29 to 38 inches - light reddish brown, very cobbly sandy clay loam. 38 to 60 inches - light reddish brown, extremely cobbly sandy clay loam. Handran Surface covering layer: 2.5 to 0 inches - grass litter and duff. Surface Iayer(s): 0 to 5 inches - reddish brown, gravelly loam. 5 to 12 inches - reddish brown, very gravelly loam. Subsurface Iayer(s): 12 to 16 inches - reddish brown, very gravelly sandy loam. Subsoil layer(s): Soil end ecological land unit survey 16 to 27 inches - light reddish brown, very gravelly sandy loam. 27 to 36 inches - reddish brown, very cobbly sandy loam. Substratum layer(s): 36 to 60 inches - light reddish brown, extremely cobbl / sandy loam. Duffymont Surface covering layer: 1 to 0 inches - shrub and grass litter. Surface layer(s): 0 to 4 inches - reddish brown, very gravelly— very fine sandy loam. 4 to 12 inches - reddish brown, very gravelly loam. Subsoil layer(s): 12 to 15 inches - reddish brown, extremely channery loam. Unweathered bedrock: 15 inches - hard, platy sandstone. SOIL PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES Gateview Effective rooting depth: greater than 40 inches. Drainage class: well. Depth to seasonal high water table: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: moderate. Permeability: moderate. Runoff: moderate. Handran Effective rooting depth:- greater than 20 inches. Drainage class: greater than 6 feet. Available water cnpacity: low. Permeability: moderately rapid. Runoff: moderate. Duffymont Effective rooting depth: less than 20 inches. Drainage class: somewhat excessively. Depth to seasonal high water tab/e:- greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: low. Permeability: moderately rapid. Runoff: rapid. VEGETATION Potential natural communities: Gateview: aspen/mountain snowberry (Poul /Syor1).and aspen/Thurber fescue (Potr1 /Feth) and aspen/Saskatoon serviceberry-chokecherry (Potr1 /Amal-Favi l ). Page 68 DRAFT 8/31/94 White River National Forest, Colorado Handran: aspen/mountain snowberry (Potrl /Syorl) and aspen/Saskatoon serviceberry-chokecherry (Potrl /Amal-Pavi 1 ). Duffymont: Gambel oak/Saskatoon serviceberry (Quga/Amal) and Gambel oak- switchgrassfThurber fescue (Quga-Pavi/Feth) and Gambel oak/mountain snowberry (Quga/Syorl ). Seral stages: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities Present vegetation: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities USE AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS Major uses: livestock grazing, senic vistas, wildlife habitat and watershed. Mass movement potential: Landslides: low. Debris flows: low. Snow avalanche: low. Road and trail limitations: Cut and fill slope stability Gateview: slight. Handran: slight. Duffymont: slight. Improved unsurfaced roads: Gateview: slight. Handran: slight. Duffymont: moderate- shallow depth o bedrock. Offroad vehicle roads and trails: Gateview: slight. Handran: slight. Duffymont: slight. Foot .trails and paths: Gateview: slight. Handran: slight. Duffymont: slight. Revegetation limitations: Gateview: slight. Handran: slight. Duffymont: moderate- shallow depth to bedrock. Revegetstion considerations: This map unit can be manipulated to support either tree, shrub or grass plant associations. Mulch will conserve soil moisture and protect seedling -- establishment.. Wildlife management considerations: This map unit provides food, shelter and winter habitat for upland game animals. Fire management considerations: Suseptible to shrub and grass fires. Acid precipitation buffering capacity: high: Pepe 87 DRAFT 8/31/94 Map Unit: 338B—Wetopa - Doughspon - Echemoor families complex, 5 to 40 percent slopes. Ecological Land Unit: 3388—aspen on montane, south facing slumps and landslides. MAP UNIT SETTINGS Location: Four Mile part of the survey area. Landform: slumps and landslides. Parent material: till. Geologic symbol: Two, Km. Elevation range: 8000 to 10000 feet. Aspect: south. Climatic zone:. montane. Mean annual precipitation: 20 to 30 inches. Mean annual air temperature: 38°F. to 42°F. Average annual snowfall: 200 to 300 inches. COMPOSITION 40 percent Wetopa and similar soils. 30 percent Doughspon and similar soils. 20 percent Echemoor and similar soils. Contrasting inclusions - 10 percent Cryaquolls on seep and ponded drainages. TYPICAL PROFILES: Wetopa Surface covering layer: .25 to 0 inches - aspen, grass and forb litter. Surface layer(s): 0 to 13 inches - dark gray, silty clay loam. Subsoil layer(s): - 13 to 17 inches - grayish brown, silty clay loam. 17 to 45 inches - light brown, silty clay. 45 to 60 inches - brown, cobbly silty clay loam. Doughspon Surface covering layer: .5 to 0 inches - aspen and forb litter and duff. Surface layer(s): 0 to 4 inches - dark grayish brown, loam. 4 to 14 inches - grayish brown, cobbly silt loam. Subsoil layer(s): 22 to 28 inches - grayish brown, very cobbly silty day loam. 28 to 39 inches - brown, very cobbly clay loam. 39 to 60 inches - brown, very cobbly clay. Soil and ecological lend unit survey Echemoor Surface covering ayer: .5 to 0 inches - aspen, grass and forb duff. Surface layer(s): 0 to 16 inches - dark brown, silt loam. Subsurface Iayer(s): 16 to 22 inches - brown, clay loam. Subsoil Iayer(s): 22 to 34 inches - brown, sandy clay Weathered bedrock: 34 to 60 inches - soft weathered shale. SOIL PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES Wetopa Effective rooting depth: greater than 60 inches. Drainage class: well. Depth to seasonal high water table:greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: high. Permeability: slow. Runoff: moderate. Doughspon Effective rooting depth: greater than 60 inches. Drainage class: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: high. Permeability: moderately slow. Runoff: moderate. Echemoor Effective rooting depth: greater than 60 inches. Drainage class: well. Depth to seasonal high watertable: greater - than 6 feet. Available water capacity: high. Permeability: moderately slow. Runoff: moderate. VEGETATION Potential natural communities: — Wetcpa: aspen/lingusticum (Potr1 /LIGU) moist site and aspen/mountain snowberry (Potr1 /Syor 1) and aspen/Fendler meadow -rue (Potr1 / Thfel ). Doughspon: aspen/lingusticum (Potrl /LIGU) moist site and aspen/mountain snowberry (Potr1 /Syor1) ano aspen/Fendler meadow -rue (Potr1 /Thfe1). Echemoor: aspen/lingusticum (Potr1/LIGU) moist site and aspen/mountain snowberry (Potr1 /Syorl ). • Sera/ stages: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities Page 68 DRAFT 8/31/94 White River National Forest, Colorado Present vegetation: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities USE AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS Major uses: timber harvest, livestock grazing, senic vistas, wildlife habitat and watershed. Mass movement potential: Landslides: low. Debris flows: low. Snow avalanche: low. Road and trail limitations: Cut and fill slope stability Wetopa: moderate- fine grained material. Doughspon: moderate- fine grained material. Echemoor: moderate- fine grained material. Improved unsurfaced roads: Wetopa: moderate- low load bearing strength. Doughspon: moderate- low load bearing strength. Echemoor: moderate- low load bearing strength. Offroad vehicle roads and trails: Wetopa: moderate- low load bearing strength, mud during seasonal wet periods, surface rutting and compaction. Doughspon: moderate- low Toad bearing strength, mud during seasonal wet periods, surface rutting and compaction. Echemoor: moderate- low Toad bearing strength, mud during seasonal wet periods, surface rutting and compaction. Foot trails and paths: Wetopa: moderate- mud during seasonal wet - periods. Doughspon: moderate- mud during seasonal wet periods. Echemoor: moderate- mud during seasonal wet periods. Revegetation limitations:- Wetopa: imitations-Wetopa: slight. Doughspon: slight. Echemoor: slight. Revegetation considerations: Aspen regenerates naturally. Mulch will conserve soil moisture and protect seedling establishment.. Timber management considerations: Aspen will regenerate naturally. Wildlife management considerations: This map unit provides food and shelter for livestock and upland game animals. Acid precipitation buffering capacity: high. Page 89 DRAFT 8/31194 White River National Forest, Colorado Map Unit: 345B—Doughspon family, 5 to 40 percent slopes. Ecological Land Unit: 3456—aspen on montane, south facing slumps and landslides. MAP UNIT SETTINGS Location: Four Mile, Basalt and Sheephorn areas. Landform: slumps and landslides. Parent material: till. Geologic symbol: Two, Km, Kp. Elevation range: 8000 to 10500 feet. Aspect: south. Climatic zone:. montane. Mean annual precipitation: 20 to 30 inches. Mean annual air temperature: 38°F. to 42°F. Average annual snowfall: 200 to 300 inches. COMPOSITION 90 percent Doughspon and similar soils. Contrasting inclusions 10 percent Cryaquolls on seeps and ponded drainages. TYPICAL PROFILES: Doughspon Surface covering layer: .5 to 0 inches - aspen and forb litter and duff. Surface layer(s): 0 to 4 inches - dark grayish brown, loam. 4 to 14 inches - grayish brown, cobbly silt loam. - Subsoil layer(s): 22 to 28 inches - grayish brown, very cobbly silty clay loam. 28 to 39 inches - brown, very cobbly day loam. 39 to 60 inches - brown, very cobbly clay. SOIL PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES Doughspon Effective rooting depth: greater than 60 inches. Drainage class: moderately well. Depth to seasonal high water table: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: high. Permeability: moderately slow. Runoff: moderate. VEGETATION Potential natural communities: Doughspon: aspen/mountain snowberry (Potrl lSyorl) typical site ar.d aspen/lingusticum (Potr1 /LIGU) moist site and aspen/Saskatoon serviceberry-chokecherry (Potr1/Amal-Pavi1) below 9,500 feet. Serol stages: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities Present vegetation: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities USE AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS Major uses: timber harvest, livestock grazing, senic vistas, wildlife habitat and watershed. Mass movement potential: Landslides: low. Debris flows: low. Snow avalanche: low. Road and trail limitations: Cut and fill slope stability Doughspon: moderate- fine grained material. Improved unsurfaced roads:- Doughspon: moderate- low load bearing strength. Offroad vehicle roads and trails: Doughspon: moderate- low Toad bearing strength, mud during seasonal wet periods, surface rutting and compaction. Foot trails and paths: Doughspon: moderate- mud during seasonal wet periods. Revegetation limitations: — Doughspon: slight. Revegetation considerations: Aspen regenerates -- naturally. Mulch will conserve soil moisture and protect seedling establishment.. Timber management considerations: Aspen will regenerate naturally. Wildlife management considerations: This map unit provides food and shelter for livestock and upland game animals. Acid precipitation buffering capacity: high. Page 71 DRAFT 8/31/94 White River National Forest, Colorado Map Unit: 352C—Scout family, shale substratum, 40 to 65 percent slopes. Ecological Land Unit: 352C—subalpine fir and Engelmann spruce on montane and subalpine, north facing steep mountain slopes. MAP UNIT SETTINGS Location: throughout the survey area. Landform: steep mountain slopes. Parent material: residuum and colluvium. Geologic symbol: Km, Kp. Elevation range: 8500 to 11800 feet. Aspect: north. Climatic zone:. montane and subalpine. Mean annual precipitation: 20 to 40 inches. Mean annual air temperature: 34°F. to 42°F. Average annual snowfall: 200 to 400 inches. COMPOSITION 85 percent Scout and similar soils. Contrasting inclusions - 10 percent cliffs and talus. 5 percent Hechtman family on residuum. TYPICAL PROFILES: Scout Surface covering layer: 1.5 to 0 inches - spruce, fir and pine litter and duff. Surface layer(s): 0 to 7 inches - light brown, very cobbly loam. Subsurface layer(s): 7 to 19 inches - light reddish brown, extremely cobbly fine sandy loam. 19 to 30 inches - light reddish brown, extremely gravelly sandy loam. Subsoil layer(s): 30 to 39 inches - red, extremely gravelly sandy loam. 39 to 57 inches - red, extremely cobbly sandy loam. 57 to 72 inches - red, extremely cobbly sandy clay loam. SOIL PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES Scout Effective rooting depth: greater than 20 inches. Drainage class: somewhat excessively. Depth to seasonal high water table: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: low. Permeability: moderately rapid. Runoff: moderate. VEGETATION Potential natural communities Scout: subalpine fir -Engelmann spruce/Rocky Mountain whortleberry (Abla-Pien 1 Namy) typical site and lodgepole pine/Rocky Mountain whortleberry (PicoNamy) below 10,000 feet. Serol stages: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities Present vegetation: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities USE AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS Major uses: limited timber harvest, wildlife habitat and watershed. Mass movement potential: Lands/ides: low. Debris flows: moderate. Snow avalanche: moderate. Road and trail limitations: Cut and fill slope stability Scout: moderate- slope and fine grained materials. Improved unsurfaced roads: — Scout: severe- slope, low load bearing strength and unstable shale bedrock. Offroad vehicle roads and trails: Scout: severe- slope, erosion hazard and mud during seasonal wet periods. Foot trails and paths: Scout: moderate- slope, erosion hazard and mud during seasonal wet periods. Revegetation /imitations: Scout: moderate- slope and. erosion hazard. _ Revegetation considerations: Mulch will conserve soil moisture and protect seedling establishment. Surface netting will reduce the erosion hazard. Timber management considerations: Harvest is limited by slope, unstable shale bedrock and erosion hazard. Wildlife management considerations: This map unit provides shelter for upland game animals. Acid precipitation buffering capacity: moderate. Page 85 DRAFT 8/31/94 Map Unit:_382B—Seitz - Tellura families - Cryaquolls complex, 0 to 40 percent slopes. Ecological Land Unit: 382B—subalpine fi , Engelmann spruce, aspen, grass and sedges on montane and subalpine, landslides and slumps. MAP UNIT SETTINGS Location: Four Mile, Basalt and Sheephorn areas. Landformr landslides and slumps. Parent materia/: till. Geologic symbol: Tt, Two, Kd, Kc,Kp. Elevation range: 9000 to 1 1000 feet. Aspect: all. Climatic zone:: montane and subalpine. Mean annual precipitation: 20 to 40 inches. Mean annual air temperature: 34°F. to 42°F. Average annual snowfall: 200 to 400 inches. COMPOSITION 45 percent Seitz and similar soils. 25 percent Tellura and similar soils. 20 percent Cryaquolls and similar soils. Contrasting inclusions - 5 percent rubble land where landslide debris has accumulated. 5 percent Cowdrey family where there are no coarse fragments. TYPICAL PROFILES: Seitz Surface covering layer: 1 to 0 inches - spruce, fir and pine litter and duff. Surface Iayer(s): 0 to 3 inches - pale brown, stony silt loam. 3 to 17 inches - brown, cobbly silt loam. Subsurface layer(s): 17 to 22 inches - pale brown, very cobbly silty clay. 22 to 45 inches - yellowish brown, very cobbly clay. Subsoil layer(s): 45 to 63 inches - light yellowish brown, extremely stony clay. 63 to 72 inches - pale brown, extremely cobbly clay. to inches - , extremely channery coarse sand. Tellura Surface layer(s): 0 to 2 inches - brown, cobbly loam. 2 to 8 inches - brown, cobbly silt loam. Soil and ecological land unit survey Subsurface layer(s): 8 to 14 inches - brown, very cobbly clay loam. Subsoil layer(s): 14 to 18 inches loam. 18 to 35 inches cobbly clay. 35 to 44 inches - brown, very cobbly clay - light yellowish brown, very - light yellowish brown, very cobbly clay loam. Substratum Iayer(s): 44 to 60 inches - very pale brown, very gravelly sandy clay loam. Cryaquolls Surface covering layer: 2 to 0 inches - sedge litter and duff. Surface layer(s): 0 to 15 inches - very dark gray, silt loam. Subsoil layer(s): 15 to 22 inches - light gray, gravelly sandy clay loam. 22 to 60 inches - reddish yellow, clay loam SOIL PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES Seitz Effective rooting depth: greater than 60 inches. Drainage class: well. Depth to seasonal high water table: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: high. Permeability: slow. Runoff: moderate. Tellura Effective rooting depth: greater than 60 inches. Drainage class: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: high. Permeability: slow. Runoff: . Cryaquolls Effective rooting depth: greater than 60 inches. Drainage class: well. Depth to seasonal high water table: 0 to 1 feet. Available water capacity: moderate. Permeability: moderate. Runoff: moderate. VEGETATION Potential natural communities: Seitz: subalpine fir -Engelmann spruce/Rocky Mountain whortleberry (Abla-Pien1Namy). Page 100 DRAFT'S/31/94 • t White River National Forest, Colorado Tellura: 0. Cryaquolls: () and (Abla-Pien1/Setr). Seraf stages: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities Present vegetation: dominated by seral vegetation USE AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS Major uses: limited timber harvest, limited livestock grazing, wildlife habitat and watershed. Mass movement potential: Landslides: low. Debris flows: low. Snow avalanche: low. Road and trail limitations: Cut and fill slope stability - Seitz: moderate- fine grained material. Tellura: moderate- fine grained material. Cryaquolls: severe- high water table and saturated soil. Improved unsurfaced roads: Seitz: moderate- low load bearing strength. Tellura: moderate- low Toad bearing strength. Cryaquolls: severe- high water table ans saturated soil. Offroad vehicle roads and trails:- Seitz: rails:Seitz: moderate- mud during seasonal wet periods, surface compaction and rutting. Tellura: moderate- mud during seasonal wet periods, surface compaction and rutting. Cryaquolls: severe- high water table. Foot trails and paths: - Seitz: moderate- mud during seasonal wet periods. Tellura: moderate- mud during seasonal wet -- periods. Cryarjuolls: severe- high water table.. Revegetation limitations: Seitz: slight. Tellura: slight. Cryaquolls: moderate- high water table. Revegetation considerations: Grass and forb plant associations have the best chance of survival, Mulch will conserve soil moisture and protect seedling establishment. Revegetating Cryaquolls soil with riparian vegetation requires maintaining a high water table. Timber management considerations: Trees are unlikely to re-establish naturally. Cryaquolls soil require buffer zones to protect wetlands. Wildlife management considerations: This map unit provides food, shelter and water to upland game animals. Where streams occur, this map unit provides aquatic habitat.. Acid precipitation buffering capacity: high_ Page 101 DRAFT 8/31/94 White River National Forest, Colorado Map Unit: 385D—Scout family - Rock outcrop - Hechtman family complex, 40 to 150 percent slopes. Ecological Land Unit: 385D—subalpine fir and Engelmann spruce on subalpine, steep to very steep mountain slopes. MAP UNIT SETTINGS Location: mountainous areas where sedimentary rocks predominate. Landform: steep to very steep mountain slopes. Parent material: colluvium and residuum. Geologic symbol: Pm, PPm, TrPs. Elevation range: 10000 to 11800 feet. Aspect: all. Climatic zone:. subalpine. Mean annual precipitation: 25 to 40 inches. Mean annual air temperature: 34°F. to 38°F. Average annual snowfall: 300 to 400 inches. COMPOSITION 50 percent Scout and similar soils. 25 percent Rock outcrop. 20 percent Hechtman and similar soils. Contrasting inclusions - 5 percent Cryoborolls on avalanche chutes. TYPICAL PROFILES: Scout Surface covering layer: 1.5 to 0 inches - spruce, fir and pine litter and duff. Surface Iayer(s): 0 to 7 inches - light brown, very cobbly loam. Subsurface layer(s): 7 to 19 inches - light reddish brown, extremely cobbly fine sandy loam. 19 to 30 inches - light reddish brown, extremely gravelly sandy loam. Subsoil layer(s): 30 to 39 inches - red, extremely gravelly sandy loam. - 39 to 57 inches - red, extremely cobbly sandy loam. 57 to 72 inches - red, extremely cobbly sandy clay loam. Rock outcrop Hechtman Surface covering layer: 1.5 to 0 inches - spruce, fir and pine litter and duff. Surface Iayer(s): 0 to 1 inches - grayish brown, cobbly loam. Subsurface layer(s): 1 to 6 inches - light yellowish brown, cobbly sand" loam. Subsoil layerls): 6 to 15 inches - light yellowish brown, very cobbly sandy loam. Unweathered bedrock: 15 inches - Hard igneous and metamorphic rock. SOIL PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES Scout Effective rooting depth: greater than 20 inches. Drainage c/ass: somewhat excessively. Depth to seasonal high water table: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: low. Permeability: moderately rapid. Runoff: moderate. Rock outcrop Landform: cliffs and talus. Parent material: residuum and colluvium. Rock type: sandstone. Runoff: rapid. Hechtmon Effective rooting depth: less than 20 inches. Drainage class: somewhat excessively. Depth to seasonal high water table: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: low. Permeability: moderately rapid. Runoff: rapid. VEGETATION Potential natural communities: Scout: subalpine fir -Engelmann spruce/Rocky Mountain whortleberry (Abia-PienlNamy) typical site and subalpine fir -Engelmann spruce/common juniper (Abia-Pien1/Juco) south slopes. Hechtman: subalpine fir -Engelmann spruce/Rocky Mountain whortleberry (Abla- PienlNamy) typical site and subalpine fir - Engelmann spruce/common juniper (Abia- Pien1 /Juco). Seral stages: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities Present vegetation: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities USE AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS Major uses: wildlife habitat and watershed. Page 103 DRAFT 8/31/94 Mass movement potential: Landslides: moderate. Debris (lows: high. Snow avalanche: high. Road and trail limitations: Cut and t711 slope stability Scout: moderate- slope. Rock outcrop: slight. Hechtman: slight. Improved unsurfaced roads: Scout: severe- slope. Rock outcrop: severe- cliffs and unstable talus. Hechtman: severe- slope and shallow depth to bedrock. Offroad vehicle roads and trails: Scout: severe- slope and erosion hazard. Rock outcrop: severe- cliffs and unstable talus. Hechtman: severe- slope and erosion hazard. Soil and ecological land unit survey Foot trails and paths: Scout: moderate- slope and erosion hazard. Rock outcrop: severe- cliffs and unstable talus. Hechtman: severe- slope and erosion hazard. Revegetation limitations Scout: moderate- slope, low available water -- capacity and erosion hazard. Rock outcrop: severe- bedrock.- Hechtman: severe- slope, shallow depth to bedrock, low available water capacity and erosion hazard. Revegetaiion considerations: Mulch will - conserve soil moisture and protect seedling establishment. Surface netting will reduce the erosion hazard. Timber management considerations: Limited by scope, rock outcrop and erosion hazard. Wildlife management considerations: This map unit provides shelter for upland game animals. Acid precipitation buffering capacity: moderate. Page 104 DRAFT 8/31/94 Map Unit: 449C—Tampico - Echemoor families complex, 30 to 65 percent slopes. Ecological Land Unit: 449C—aspen on montane, south facing landslide and slump scarp faces. MAP UNIT SETTINGS Location: Four Mile area. Landform: landslide and slump scarp faces. Parent material: residuum and slope wash. Geologic symbol: Two. Elevation range: 9000 to 10500 feet. Aspect: south. Climatic zone:. montane. Mean annual precipitation: 20 to 30 inches. Mean annual air temperature:- 38°F. to 42°F. Average annual snowfall: 200 to 300 inches. COMPOSITION 50 percent Tampico and similar soils. 35 percent Echemoor and similar soils. Contrasting inclusions 15 percent Eyre family on sandstone residuum. TYPICAL PROFILES: Tampico Surface covering layer: 1 to 0 inches - aspen, grass and forb litter and duff. Surface layer(s): 0 to 3 inches - brown, loam. 3 to 13 inches - grayish brown, day loam. Subsoil layer(s): 13 to 18 inches - very pale brown, sandy clay loam. Substratum layer(s): 18 to 24 inches - very pale brown, sandy clay loam. Weathered bedrock: 24 to 60 inches - soft weathered sandstone. Echemoor Surface covering layer: .5 to 0 inches - aspen, grass and forb duff. Surface layer(s): 0 to 16 inches - dark brown, silt loam.. Subsurface layer(s): 16 to 22 inches - brown, clay loam. Subsoil layer(s): 22 to 34 inches - brown, sandy clay loam. Weathered bedrock: 34 to 60 inches - soft weathered shale. SOIL PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES Soil and ecological land ,snit survey Tampico Effective rooting depth: greater than 20 inches. Drainage class: well. Depth to seasonal high water table: greater -- than 6 feet. Available water capacity: moderate. - Permeability: moderate. Runoff: rapid. Echemoor Effective rooting depth: greater than 60 inches. Drainage class: greater than 6 feet. Available water capacity: high. Permeability: moderately slow. Runoff: rapid. VEGETATION Potential natural communities:- Tampico: ommunities-Tampico: aspen/mountain snowberry (Potrl /Syorl) and aspen/Saskatoon serviceberry-chokecherry (Potr1 /Amal-Pavi1) below 9,500 feet and Thurber fescue/Idaho fescue (Feth/Feid) ridgeline. Echemoor: aspen/mountain snowberry (Potr1/Syor1) and aspen/Saskatoon serviceberry-chokecherry (Potr1 /Amal-Pavi1) below 9,500 feet and aspen/lingusticum (Poul /LIGU) moist site. Seral stages: dominated with plants of the potential natural community Present vegetation: dominated by plants of the respective potential natural communities USE AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS — Major uses: limited livestock grazing, wildlife habitat and watershed. Mass movement potential: Landslides: moderate. Debris flows: moderate. Snow avalanche: moderate.- Road oderate_Road and frail /imitations: Cut and fill slope stability Tampico: moderate- slope and fine grained material. Echemoor: moderate- slope and fine grained material. Improved unsurfaced roads: Tampico: severe- slope and low load bearing strength. Echemoor: severe- slope and low load bearing strength. Offroad vehicle roads and trails: • Tampico: severe- slope and erosion hazard. Page 120 DRAFT 8/31/94 White River National Forest, Coloredo Echemoor: severe- slope and erosion hazard. Foot trails and paths: Tampico: moderate- slope. Echemoor: moderate- slope. Revegetation limitations: Tampico: moderate- slope and ersoion hazard. Echemoor: moderate- slope and ersoion hazard. Revegetation considerations: Plant drought tolerant plants to survive south facing slopes. Mulch will conserve soil moisture and protect seedling establishment. Surface netting will reduce the erosion hazard. Wildlife management considerations: This map unit provides food and shelter for livestock and upland game animals. Acid precipitation buffering capacity: high. Page 121 DRAFT 8/31/94