HomeMy WebLinkAboutSubsoils StudyI (+rf ii'e;h:'triffÉtrr iiiå' *"
An Employee Owned Gompony
5020 County Road 154
Glenwood Springs, CO 81601
phone: (970)945-7988
fax: (970) 945-8454
email : kaglenwood@kumarusa.com
www.kumarusa.com
Office Locations: Denver (IIQ), Parker, Colorado Springs, Fort Collins, Glenwood Springs, and Summit Cowrty, Colorado
PRELIMINARY GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING STUDY
PROPOSED RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
LAST CHANCE DRIVE AND MEGHAN AVENTIE
RTFLE, COLORADO
PROJECT NO. 22-7- 43s
DECEMBF.Rt,2022
PREPARED FOR:
ECODWELLING
ATTN: FERNANDO ARGIRO
15400 NW 15rH A\rENUE, UNrT B
MIAMI, FLORIDA 33169
fern ando@ ecodwellin g.us
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF STUDY ..
PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT
SITE CONDITIONS
GEOLOGIC SETTING
FIELD EXPLORATION
SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS ...
PRELIMINARY DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS
FOUNDATIONS
FLOOR SLABS
UNDERDRAIN SYSTEM .............
SURFACE DRAINAGE......
PAVEMENT SECTION DESIGN
LIMITATIONS
REFERENCE
FIGURE I - LOCATION OF EXPLORATORY BORINGS
FIGURE 2 - LOGS OF EXPLORATORY BORINGS
FIGURE 3 - LEGEND AND NOTES
FIGURES 4 through 7 - SWELL-CONSOLIDATION TEST RESULTS
FIGURE 8 - GRADATION TEST RESULTS
FIGURE 9 - IryEEM STABILOMETER TEST RESULTS
TABLE I- SUMMARY OF LABORATORY TEST RESULTS
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Kumar & Associates, lnc. @ Project No.22-7-435
PT]RPOSE AND SCOPE OF STT]DY
This report presents the results of a preliminary geotechnical study for the proposed residential
development to be located north of Last Chance Drive and west of Meghan Avenue in Rifle,
Colorado. The project site is shown on Figure l. The pu{pose of the study was to evaluate the
subsurface conditions and their potential impact on the project. The study was conducted in
general accordance with our proposal for geotechnical engineering services to EcoDwelling,
dated June 14, 2022, Proposal No.P7-22-445.
A field exploration program consisting of a reconnaissance and exploratory borings was
conducted to obtain information on the site and subsurface conditions. Samples of the subsoils
obtained during the field exploration were tested in the laboratory to determine their
classification, compressibility or swell and other engineering characteristics. The results of the
field exploration and laboratory testing were analyzedto develop recommendations for project
planning and preliminary design. This report summarizes the data obtained during this study and
presents our conclusions and recommendations based on the proposed development and
subsurface conditions encountered.
PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT
The proposed residential development consists of a 7l-lot subdivision as shown on Figure l. The
construction will consist of single-family homes accessed by private streets and driveways. We
understand the residences will be single-story steel frame structures. Ground floors will be
structural over crawlspace. The development will be serviced with municipal water and sewer.
If development plans change significantly from those described above, we should be notified to
re-evaluate the recommendations presented in this report.
SITE CONDITIONS
The proposed project site consists of about I acres of ranchland located as shown on Figure l.
Existing development includes two residences and outbuildings with associated utilities and
disturbed areas from past site use. The terrain is variable and typically gently to moderately
sloping down to the north with the Last Chance ditch of moderate side slopes following the south
property line. The site elevation ranges from about 5360 feet to 5330 feet in the proposed
building areas. Vegetation consists of field grass and weeds, brush and scattered trees.
GEOLOGIC SETTING
The project site is underlain by the Tertiary-age Shire member of the Wasatch Formation (Tws)
The Shire member of the'Wasatch Formation consists of interbedded sandstone and claystone.
Kumar & Associates, lnc. o Project No.22-7.435
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Surficial deposits at the subject site consist of older terrace alluvium (Qto), alluvial and colluvial
deposits (Qac), and sheetwash deposits (Qsw) (Shroba and Scott, 1997).
FIELD EXPLORATION
The field exploration for the project was conducted on July 6 and7,2022. Eight exploratory
borings were drilled at the locations shown on Figure I to evaluate the subsurface conditions.
The borings rñrere advanced with 4-inch diameter continuous flight auger powered by a truck-
mounted CME 45B drill rig. The borings were logged by a representative of Kumar &
Associates, Inc.
Samples of the subsoils were taken with 1%-inch and 2-inch I.D. spoon samplers. The samplers
were driven into the subsoils at various depths with blows from a 140-pound hammer falling 30
inches. This test is similar to the standard penetration test described by ASTM Method D-1586.
The penetration resistance values are an indication of the relative density or consistency of the
subsoils. Depths at which the samples were taken and the penetration resistance values are
shown on the Logs of Exploratory Borings, Figure 2. The samples were returned to our
laboratory for review by the project engineer and testing.
SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS
Graphic logs of the subsurface conditions encountered at the site are shown on Figure 2.
Beneath about Yzto I foot of topsoil or fill materials, the subsoils generally consist of roughly
stratified silty sandy clay to siþ clayey sand down to the boring depths of 2l to 25 feet. At
Borings I and 8, located in the downhill, north part of the property, relatively dense, silty sandy
gravel with cobbles was encountered at depths of 18 to 19% feet.
Laboratory testing performed on samples obtained from the borings included nafural moisture
content and density, gradation analyses and liquid and plastic limits. Results of swell-
consolidation testing performed on relatively undisturbed drive samples, presented on Figures 4
through 7, indicate low to moderate compressibility under conditions of loading and wetting.
The results of gradation and HVEEM 'R' value testing performed on a combined sample of the
upper soils are presented on Figures 8 and 9. The laboratory testing is summarizedin Table l.
Free water was encountered in the borings at the time of drilling and when checked the next day
at about 6 to 12 feet below ground surface. The upper soils were typically moist to very moist
with depth.
PRELIMINARY DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS
The conclusions and recoÍrmendations presented below are based on the proposed development,
subsurface conditions encountered in the exploratory borings, and our experience in the area.
Kumar & Associales, lnc. @ Project No.22-7-435
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The recommendations are suitable for planning and preliminary design but site-specific studies
should be conducted for individual lot development.
FOUNDATIONS
Bearing conditions could vary depending on the specific location of the building on the property.
Based on the nafure of the proposed construction, spread footings bearing on the upper natural
soils should be suitable at the building sites. 'We expect the footings can be sized for an allowable
bearing pressure of 1,500 psf with relatively low risk of excessive post-construction movement.
The topsoil, existing fill and soft soils encountered in building areas should be removed and the
footing bearing level extended down or structural fill placed to reestablish design bearing level.
Foundation walls should be designed to span local anomalies and to resist lateral earth loadings
when acting as retaining structures. Below grade areas greater than 3 feet deep and retaining
walls should be protected from wetting and hydrostatic loading by use of an underdrain system.
The footings should have a minimum depth of 36 inches for frost protection.
FLOOR SLABS
Slab-on-grade construction should be feasible for bearing on the natural soils or compacted
structural fill. There could be some post-construction slab movement due to the variable soil
conditions. To reduce the effects of some differential movement, non-structural floor slabs
should be separated from all bearing walls and columns with expansion joints. Floor slab control
joints should be used to reduce damage due to shrinkage cracking. A minimum 4-inch thick
layer of free-draining gravel should underlie basement level slabs (if any) to facilitate drainage.
UNDERDRAIN SYSTEM
Although free water was generally encountered in the exploratory borings at an elevation lower
than proposed finished grades, it has been our experience in the area that local perched
groundwater can develop during times of heavy precipitation or seasonal runoff. An underdrain
system should be provided to protect below-grade construction, such as retaining
walls, crawlspace deeper than 3 feet and basement areas from wetting and hydrostatic pressure
buildup. The drains should consist of slotted PVC drainpipe surrounded above the invert level
with free-draining granular material. The drain should be placed at each level of excavation and
at least I foot below lowest adjacent finish grade and sloped at a minimum Yzo/o to a suitable
gravity outlet or sump and pump.
SURFACE DRAINAGE
The grading plan for the subdivision should consider runoff from uphill slopes through the
project andat individual sites. Water should not be allowed to pond which could impact slope
Kumar & Associates, Inc. @ Project No.22-7-435
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stability and foundations. To limit infiltration into the bearing soils next to buildings, exterior
backfill should be well compacted and have a positive slope away from the building for a
distance of at least 5 feet. Roof downspouts and drains should discharge well beyond the limits
of all backfill and landscape irrigation should be restricted.
PAVEMENT SECTION DESIGN
We understand asphalt pavement is proposed for the streets. Traffic loadings for the streets were
not provided to us. The subgrade soils encountered at the site are generally low plasticity sandy
clay which are considered a relatively poor support for pavement sections. Imported fill could be
needed for the roadway construction. The import soil should be a granular soil with a minimum
Hveem stabilometer 'R' value of 25. Based on our experience and test results, an Hveem
stabilometer 'R' value of 5 for the native soil encountered at the site, an l8 kip EDLA of 15, a
Regional Factor of 1.7 5 and a serviceability index of 2.0 (for low volume traffic), we recommend
the minimum pavement section thickness consist of 3 inches of asphalt on 6 inches of base
course on I inches ofgranular subbase or 4 inches ofasphalt on 8 inches ofbase course.
The asphalt should be a batched hot mix, approved by the engineer and placed and compacted to
the project specifications. The base course and subbase should meet CDOT Class 6 and Class 2
specifications, respectively. All base course, subbase and required subgrade fill should be
compacted to at least 95Yo of the maximum standard Proctor density at a moisfure content within
2% of optimum.
Required fill to establish design subgrade level can consist of the on-site soils or suitable
imported granular soils and evaluated for suitabilrty by the geotechnical engineer. Prior to fill
placement the subgrade should be stripped of vegetation and topsoil, scarified to a depth of
8 inches, adjusted to near optimum moisture and compacted to at least 95Yo of standard Proctor
density. In soft or wet areas, the subgrade may require drying or stabilization prior to fill
placement. A geogrid and/or subexcavation and replacement with aggregate base soils may be
needed for the stabilization. The subgrade should be proof rolled. Areas that deflect excessively
should be corrected before placing pavement materials. The subgrade improvements and
placement and compaction of base and asphalt materials should be monitored on a regular basis
by a representative of the geotechnical engineer. Once traffic loadings are better known, we
should review our pavement section recommendations.
LIMITATIONS
This study has been conducted according to generally accepted geotechnical engineering
principles and practices in this area at this time. 'We make no warranty either express or implied.
The conclusions and recommendations submitted in this report are based upon the data obtained
Kumar & Associates, lnc. @ Project No.22-7-435
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from the field reconnaissance, review of published geologic reports, the exploratory borings
located as shown on Figure 1, the proposed type of construction and our experience in the area.
Our services do not include determining the presence, prevention or possibility of mold or other
biological contaminants (MOBC) developing in the future. If the client is concerned about
MOBC, then a professional in this special field of practice should be consulted. Our findings
include interpolation and extrapolation of the subsurface conditions identi{ied at the exploratory
borings and variations in the subsurface conditions may not become evident until excavation is
performed. If condilions encountered during construction appear different from those described
in this report, we should be notified so that re-evaluation of the recommendations may be made.
This report has been prepared for the exclusive use by our client for planning and prèliminary
design pu{poses. We are not responsible for technical interpretations by others of our
information. As the project evolves, we should provide continued consultation, conduct
additional evaluations and review and monitor the irnplernentation of our recommendations.
Significant design changes may require additional analysis or modifications to the
recommendations presented herein. We recommend on-site observation of excavations and
foundation bearing strata and testing of structural fill by a representative of the geotechnical
engineer.
Respectfully Submitted,
Kumar & .Åssoeiateso
Steven L. Pawlak, P.
Reviewed by:
Daniel E. Hardin, P.E.
SLP/kac
cc: Kuersten Construction - John Kuersten (iohn(ilkuersto$sonstruction.gs)q1)
REFERENCE
Shroba, R.R. and Scott, R.8., 1997, Revised Preliminary Geologic Map of the Rifle Quadrangle,
Garfield County, Colorado, U.S. Geological Survey, Open-File Report OF-97-852.
Kumar & Associateg, lnc.6'Project No,22.7.435
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22-7-435 Kumar & Associates LOCATION OF EXPLORATORY BORINGS Fig. 1
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22-7-435Kumar & AssociatesLAST CHANCE DR ANO MEGHAN AVELOGS OF EXPLORAIORY BORINGSFis. 2BORING 1ÊL. 5554'BORING 2EL. s541'BORING 3EL. 5349'BORING 4EL. 5356'BORING 5EL- 53sJ'BORING 6EL. 55¡13'BORING 7EL. 5339'BORING 8EL. 555t'012o.36/12WC=20.912017/12WC=7.0DD=1 09-2OO=72DD=1 0220/1213/12s6/12LL=21Pl= I16/1212/12wc=11.5DD=1104/12WC=18.5DD=99-2Oo=728/ 12WC= 1 5.1DD=1 1 112=17.67 /12WC= 1 5.3DD=1f211 /125/ 12wc= 1 8.7DD=1 07s/128/12wc=l1 .2DD=f15DD=1 04-2Oo=79LL=22Pl=8UC= 1 ,200t03/122/12l0+=2/123/12wc=18.6DD= 1 04-2OO=7 12/ 121 /121 /12WC=20.8s/12+=DD= 1 02-200=68FITFÈo156/ 123/1215UIIFÈô3/12e/121o/123/122/126/122092/12206/12s/124/1 23/122/121/ 12s2/62525
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LEGEND
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TOPSOIL; ORGANIC SANDY SILT AND CLAY, MOIST, DARK BROWN.
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FILL: SANDY SILTY CLAY, FIRM, MOIST, MIXED BROWN
CLAY (CL); SILTY, SANDY, STIFF AND SLIGHTLY MOIST TO VERY SOFT AND WET WITH DEPTH,
LIGHT BROWN TO BROWN, LOW PLASTICITY.
SAND AND CLAY (SC-CL); SILTY, MEDIUM-DENSE/STIFF AND MOIST TO VERY SOFT AND WET
WITH DEPTH, LIGHT BROWN, LOW PLASTICITY.
GRAVEL (GM); SILTY SANDY, COBBLES, DENSE, WET, BROWN, ROUNDED ROCK.
DRIVE SAMPLE, 2_INCH I.D. CALIFORNIA LINER SAMPLE.
I DR|VE SAMPLE, 1 3/9-|NCH t.D. SPLTT SPOON STANDARD PENETRATTON TEST.
I DISTURBED BULK SAMPLE
671e DRIVE SAMPLE BLOW COUNT. INDICATES THAT 6 BLOWS OF A 140-POUND HAMMER-,.- FALLING 50 INCHES WERE REQUIRED To DRIVE THE SAMPLER 12 INCHES.
!4 orpru ro wATER LEVEL AND NUMBER oF DAys AFTER DRTLLTNG MEASUREMENT wAS MADE.
--+ DEPTH AT WHICH BORING CAVED
NOTES
1 THE EXPLORATORY BORINGS WERE DRILLED ON JULY 6 AND 7, 2022 WITH A 4-INCH DIAMETER
CONTINUOUS-FLIGHT POWER AUGER.
2. THE LOCATIONS OF THE EXPLORATORY BORINGS WERE MEASURED APPROXIMATELY BY PACING
FROM FEATURES SHOWN ON THE SITE PLAN PROVIDED.
3. THE ELEVATIONS OF THE EXPLORATORY BORINGS WERE OBTAINED BY INTERPOLATION BETWEEN
CONTOURS ON THE SITE PLAN PROVIDED.
4, THE EXPLORATORY BORING LOCATIONS AND ELEVATIONS SHOULD BE CONSIDERED ACCURATE
ONLY TO THE DEGREE IMPLIED BY THE METHOD USED.
5. THE LINES BETWEEN MATERIALS SHOWN ON THE EXPLORATORY BORING LOGS REPRESENT THE
APPROXIMATE BOUNDARIES BETWEEN MATERIAL TYPES AND THE TRANSITIONS MAY BE GRADUAL.
6, GROUNDWATER LEVELS SHOWN ON THE LOGS WERE MEASURED AT THE TIME AND UNDER
CONDITIONS INDICATED. FLUCTUATIONS IN THE WATER LEVEL MAY OCCUR WITH TIME.
7. LABORATORY TEST RESULTS:
WC = WATER CONTENT (%) (ASTM D2216);
DD = DRY DENSITY (PCt) (ASTU D2216);
_2OO= PERCENTAGE PASSING NO. 2OO SIEVE (ASTM DlIAO);
LL = LIQUID LIMIT (ASTM D4518);
PI = PLASTICITY INDEX (ASTM D4318);
Uc = UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (psf) (ASTM D 2166)
22-7-43s Kumar & Associates LEGEND AND NOTES Fig. 3
SAMPLE OF: Sondy Silty Cloy
FROM:Boringl@2.5'
WC = 20.9 %, DD = 102 pcf
NO MOVEMENT UPON
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SAMPLE OF: Sondy Silty Cloy
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22-7-435 Kumar & Associates SWELL-CONSOLIDATION TEST RESULTS Fig. 4
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SAMPLE OF: Very Silty Cloyey Sond
FROM:Boring4@5'
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22-7-435 Kumar & Associates SWELL-CONSOLIDATION TIST RESULTS Fig. 5
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SAMPLE OF: Sondy Silty Cloy
FROM:Boring6@5'
WC = 18.7 %, DD = 107 pcf
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22-7-435 Kumar & Associates SWELL_CONSOLIDATION TEST RESULTS Fig. 6
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SAMPLE OF: Sondy Silty Cloy
FROM:BoringT@-2.5'
WC = 11.5 %, DD = 110 pcf
ADDITIONAL COMPRESSION
UNDER CONSTANT PRESSURE
DUE TO WETÏING
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LIQUID LIMIT 26
SAMPLE OF: Sondy Sllty Cloy
SAND 24 %
PLASTICITY INDEX
SILT AND CLAY
15
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FROM: Borings 3, 4, 5 O l'-5' Combined
Th¡sc lcsl rosull3 qpply oñly lo lhr
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.xccpl ¡n full, wlthoul lh. wrlttonqpprcvql ot Kumor & A!!oclql!e, lnc.
Slevc onolysls l.ttlng lt psrformsd lnqcsordqnco wfth ASTM D6915, ASTI¡| 07928,
ASTM C156 qnd/or ASIM D1140,
HYDROMETER ANALYSIS SIEVE ANALYSIS
TIME REAOII{GS
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22-7-435 Kumar & Associates GRADATION TEST RESULTS Fig. 8
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TEST SPECIMEN 1 2 3 4 R -VALUE(300 psi)
MOTSTURE CONTENT (%)
DENSITY (pcf)
EXPANSION PRESSURE (psi)
EXUDATION PRESSURE (psi)
R VALUE LESS THAN 5*
*SAMPLE EXTRUDED AROUND FOLLOWER. PER ASTM SÏANDARDS, THE SAMPLE IS ASSIGNED WITH AN R-VALUE OF LESS THAN 5
100
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EXUDATION PRESSURE (psi)
SOIL TYPE Sondy Silty Cloy Combined
LOCATI ON:Boring 5,4,5 @ 1'-5' Combined
DATE SAMPLED:8-26-2022 DATE RECEIVED 8-26-2022 DATE TESTED:8-26-2022
GRAVEL:2 %SIND: 24 z
PLASTICITY INDEX
SILT AND CLAY 74 %
These lssl rosulls opply only lo lho sqmplos
which w6.. loslcd. Ths lrsllng r€porl shall nol
b€ r€producod, €xc.pl ln full, w¡lhout lho
wr¡ll€¡ qpprovql of Kumor il Assoc¡ql€s, lnc.
R-volu! parformsd lñ occordoncr wllh ASTM
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with ASTM 0,1318. SÌcvs onolys€s prrform.d ln
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13LIQUID LIMIT: 26
22-7-435 Kumar & Associates HVEEM STABILOMETER TIST RESULTS Fig.9
Kt f imïfiTffifr:ffifni'ifü*'"TABLE 1SUMMARY OF LABORATORYTEST RESULTSProject No.22.7.435IBORING52%LOCATIONDEPTH3,4 &,5combined54J2t-52Y2105557.318.615.317.6l5.l18.520.9t20104r72t0411199102GRADATIONNATURALMOISTURECONTENTNATURALDRYDENSITYGRAVEL("/"1SAND$t22474727l7972262t22IaJIIr,200LIQUID LIMITPERCENTPASSING NO,200 stEVEPLASTICINDEXUNCONFINEDCOMPRESSIVESTRENGTH5Sandy Silty ClaySandy Silty ClaySandy Silty ClayVery Silty Clayey SandSandy Silty ClaySandy Silty ClaySandy Siþ ClaySandy Siþ ClaySOIL TYPEHVEEMRVALUE1 o12
I (+lI åffifi'.ffifr:ffin,iÍå*' "TABLE 1SUMMARY OF LABORATORY TEST RESULTSProject No.22-7-4358718.7107LIQUID LIIIIT6BORING5DEPTHt%lGRAVEL(%)SANDLnflTSNATURALMOISTURECONTENTNATURALDRYDENSIWPERCENTPASSING NO.200 stEvEPLASTICINDÐ(52Y2I02%tt.27.020.8l l.51151091021107268lpsflUNCONFINEDCOMPRESSIVESTRENGTHSandy Silty ClaySandy Silty ClaySandy Silty ClaySandy Silty ClaySandy Siþ ClaySOIL TYPE2of 2