HomeMy WebLinkAbout1.14 Geologic EvaluationCTLITYiOMPSON
May 17, 2024
Storied Development, LLC
1103 Ryan Pass
Athens, GA 30606
Attention: Jeff Butterworth
Subject: Colorado Geological Survey Comments
Spring Valley Ranch
County Road 115
Garfield County, Colorado
Project No. GS06730.000-115
CTLIThompson, Inc. (CTLIT) has performed multiple geologic and geotechnical
investigations regarding the Spring Valley Ranch parcel in Garfield County, Colorado. Recently,
we were asked to generally evaluate geologic conditions on the property with respect to the
currently -proposed PUD Amendment and Conceptual Plan. We provided a geologic evaluation
for the property under our Project No. GS06730.000-115 (report dated February 23, 2023). In a
letter dated February 23, 2024, the Colorado Geological Survey (CGS) provided several
comments regarding our report. CTLIT agrees with the CGS opinion that further studies are
needed during the subdivision phases of the project. The comments and responses from CTLIT
are below.
CGS Comment 1:
CGS recognizes that a PUD has previously been approved for this property, and that the
proposed modification maintains "the same density in a more compact and clustered format. "
However, since CTL's original geological evaluations were completed in 1998-2003, more
detailed geologic mapping has been completed. Areas of mapped landslides are more
extensive than shown on CTL's February 2023 Geologic Hazard Maps and in the 31112023
Spring Valley Ranch Impact Analysis by Western Bionomics.
CTLIT Response:
CTLIT has overlayed geologic mapping by the Colorado Geological Survey (dated 2008) on the
aerial photograph of the site. This newer geologic mapping is reflected on the attached Figures
1 and 2. The mapping on these figures will be used to update boundaries of our mapped
geologic hazards with respect to the proposed development.
CGS Comment 2:
A revised geologic hazards evaluation specifically addressing landslide and development -
related slope instability hazards, and demonstrating that existing slopes and proposed
constructed slopes will have a factor of safety of at least 1.5 under developed conditions. The
evaluation should include slope stability analysis of proposed road, driveway and building pad
cuts, fills, and retaining walls exceeding four feet. The impact on stability of changes in grading,
loading, groundwater levels, precipitation and infiltration, vegetation, etc. must be hazards.
CTLIThompson, Inc.
Denver, Fort Collins, Colorado Springs, Glenwood Springs, Pueblo, Summit County - Colorado
Cheyenne, Wyoming and Bozeman, Montana
CTLIT Response:
Prior to the Applicant's submittal for Preliminary Plan, CTLIT will provide a revised geologic
hazards evaluation that addresses slope stability. Our analyses will evaluate existing
topography, as well as the effects of the proposed road and site grading.
CGS Comment 3:
Slope stability, rockfall, debris inundation, and evaporite-related subsidence risks should be
evaluated and reviewed at a phase- or filing -specific scale once a lot layout is proposed, and
prior to preliminary plat approval.
CTLIT Response:
Prior to the Applicant's submittal for Preliminary Plan, CTLIT will provide a revised geologic
hazards evaluation that addresses potential geologic hazards, such as slope stability, rockfall,
debris flow, and subsidence with respect to the development proposed in the Plan.
CGS Comment 4:
Site -specific geotechnical recommendations should include strategies for mitigating local slope
instability, including maximum allowable temporary and permanent cut and fill heights and slope
angles, based on site -specific, undisturbed and residual shear strength and friction angle
values.
CTLIT Response:
Prior to the Applicant's submittal for Preliminary Plan, CTLIT will perform site -specific
geotechnical engineering investigations to develop recommendations for roads proposed in the
Plan. This will include potential mitigation to maintain stability of road cuts and fill slopes.
Design -level geotechnical investigations will need to be performed on a lot -by -lot basis after
architectural plans for residences and buildings are available.
We are available to discuss the contents of this letter. Please contact us if you have
questions or need additional information.
CTLITHOMPSON, INC. ���0 LIC
00�50 K�<<p�,r�4
38298 �'
anus D. Kellogg, P.
rincipal Engineer -'
jkellogq(cDctlthompson.co S�ONAL�c�'
Attachment: Figures 1 and 2 — Geologic Maps
Reviewed by:
Ryan Barbone, P.
Division Manager
P
O•
ro 61683 m
SS�pNAL eNC\�
STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTLIT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000.115
Page 2 of 2
NOTES: 1) SATEUITE IMAGE FROM GOGGLE EARTH (COPYRIGHT 2023)
2) GEOLOGIC MAPPING FROM THE FOLLOWING COLORADO GEOLOGIC SURVEY (CGS) MAPS:
"GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE SHOSHONE QUADRANGLE, GARFELD COUNTY, COLORADO" BY KIRKHAM, STREUFERT, AND CAPPA (DATED 2008)
"GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE CARBONDALE QUADRANGLE, GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO" BY KIRKHAM AND WIDMANN (DATED 2008)
"GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE GLENWOOD SPRINGS QUADRANGLE, GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO- BY KIRKHAM, STREUFERT, CAPPA, SHAW, ALLEN, AND JONES (DATED 2008)
0 1,000 2,000
imp —�
SCALE: 1' m 2,000'
LEGEND:
APPROXIMATE PROPERTY BOUNDARY
APPROXIMATE SUB -PARCEL BOUNDARY
w• •
of ARTIFICIAL FILL
QSW QUATERNARY AGED SHEETWASH DEPOSITS
(�C QUATERNARY AGED COLLUVIUM DEPOSITS
(�t QUATERNARY AGED TALUS DEPOSITS
Q�S QUATERNARY AGED LANDSLIDE DEPOSITS
Qdfy QUATERNARY AGED DEBRIS FLOW DEPOSITS (YOUNGER)
QpC QUATERNARY AGED ALLUVIUM AND COLLUVIUM (UNDIFFERENTIATED)
Qdfm QUATERNARY AGED DEBRIS FLOW DEPOSITS (INTERMEDIATE)
Qdfo QUATERNARY AGED DEBRIS FLOW DEPOSITS (OLDER)
Q� QUATERNARY TO AGED LACUSTRINE DEPOSITS
Tb TERTIARY AGED BASALT FLOWS
PIPm PENNSYLVANIAN AGED MAROON FORMATION
{PeU PENNSYLVANIAN AGED EAGLE VALLEY FORMATION
AND EAGLE VALLEY EVAPORITE
APPROXIMATE FAULT LOCAITION
"D" NDCATES DOWN THROWN BLOCK
U "U" NDICATES UP THROWN BLOCK
STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC GEOLOGIC
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTL[F PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115 MAP FIG. 1
I
0 1,000 2.000
SCALE: 1" 2,000'
LEGEND:
APPROXIMATE PROPERTY BOUNDARY
APPROXIMATE SUB -PARCEL BOUNDARY
C1 f ARTIFICIAL FILL
QSW QUATERNARY AGED SHEETWASH DEPOSITS
(�C QUATERNARY AGED COLLUVIUM DEPOSITS
(�t QUATERNARY AGED TALUS DEPOSITS
Q�S QUATERNARY AGED LANDSLIDE DEPOSITS
Qdfy QUATERNARY AGED DEBRIS FLOW DEPOSITS (YOUNGER)
QQC QUATERNARY AGED ALLUVIUM AND COLLUVIUM (UNDIFFERENTIATEI
Qdfm
QUATERNARY AGED DEBRIS FLOW DEPOSITS (INTERMEDIATE)
Qdfo
QUATERNARY AGED DEBRIS FLOW DEPOSITS (OLDER)
QUATERNARY TO AGED LACUSTRINE DEPOSITS
Tb
TERTIARY AGED BASALT FLOWS
PfPm
PENNSYLVANIAN AGED MAROON FORMATION
fPeU
PENNMVANIAN AGED EAGLE VALLEY FORMATION
AND EAGLE VALLEY EVAPORITE
APPROXIMATE FAULT LOCATION
"D" INDICATES DOWN THROWN BLOCK
U "U" INDICATES UP THROWN BLOCK
STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTL/T PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
NOTES: 1) SATELLITE IMAGE FROM GOOGLE EARTH (COPYRIGHT 2023)
2) GEOLOGIC MAPPING FROM THE FOLLOWING COLORADO GEOLOGIC SURVEY (CGS) MAPS:
"GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE SHOSHONE QUADRANGLE, GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO" BY KIRKHAM. STREUFERT, AND CAPPA (DATED 2008)
"GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE CARBONDALE QUADRANGLE, GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO- BY KIRKHAM AND WIDMANN (DATED 2008)
"GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE GLENWOOD SPRINGS QUADRANGLE, GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO- BY KIRKHAM. STREUFERT, CAPPA, SHAW, ALLEN, AND JONES (DATED 2008)
GEOLOGIC
MAP FIG. 2
CTLITHOMPSON
December 14, 2023
Storied Development, LLC
1103 Ryan Pass
Athens, GA 30606
Attention: Jon Fredericks
Subject: Garfield County Comments
Spring Valley Ranch
County Road 115
Garfield County, Colorado
Project No. GS06730.000-115
CTLIThompson, Inc. (CTLIT) has performed multiple geologic and geotechnical
investigations regarding the Spring Valley Ranch parcel in Garfield County, Colorado. Recently,
we were asked to generally evaluate geologic conditions on the property with respect to the
currently -proposed development plan. We provided a geologic evaluation for the property under
our Project No. GS06730.000-115 (report dated February 23, 2023). In a letter dated October
25, 2023, Garfield County made two comments regarding our report. The comments and
responses from CTLIT are below.
Garfield County Comment 1:
Additional geo-hazard analysis on avalanche hazard. The application materials did not mention
or include avalanches in the geo-hazard analysis.
CTLIT response:
Avalanches rarely occur on slopes that are flatter than 30 percent or steeper than 45 percent.
Most of the grades within the Spring Valley property are flatter than 30 percent. Slopes of 30 to
45 percent are limited to the incised section of the Landis Creek drainage that separates the
Aspen Ridge parcel from the North Mountain parcel. This section is generally from Hopkins
Reservoir down to the power lines that cross the drainage. These slopes are forested with
aspen and spruce trees and there are no open areas above the slopes. Current plans indicate
that lots and/or buildings are not proposed in this area. We judge that avalanche hazard risk is
low for buildings and structures proposed within Spring Valley Ranch.
Garfield County Comment 2:
CTL Thompson - Geo Tech report needs to more clearly delineate areas with high hazards
including an overlay with PUD Plan Map to demonstrate how the amended PUD Plan addresses
identified hazards.
CTLIT response:
CTLIT has created a map with designated geologic hazards that overlay the current PUD Plan
Map. The map is attached to this letter.
CTLIThompson, Inc.
Denver, Fort Collins, Colorado Springs, Glenwood Springs, Pueblo, Surnmit County - Colorado
Cheyenne, Wyoming and Bozeman, Montana
We are available to discuss the contents of this letter. If you have questions or need
additional information, please contact us.
CTLITHOMPSON, INC
James D. Kellogg, E
rincipal Engineer
,�rp0_ LICE S�,
Kei
lee 0
38298 4
Attachment: Figures 1 and 2 — Geologic Hazards in PUD
Reviewed by:
r
P L
Ryan Barbone, P.E.
Division Manager
rbarbonena ctlthompson.com
STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC Page 2 of 2
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTLIT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
0 1.000 2.000
SCALE: 1' = 2,000'
LEGEND:
APPROXIMATE PROPERTY BOUNDARY
APPROXIMATE SUB —PARCEL BOUNDARY
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STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC GEOLOGIC
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTLlT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
HAZARDS IN PUD FIG. 1
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STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC GEOLOGIC
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTLfi' PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
HAZARDS IN PUD FIG. 2
Founded in 1971
GEOLOGIC EVALUATION
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
COUNTY ROAD 115
GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO
Prepared for:
STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC
9875 N. Tuhaye Park Drive
Kamas, UT 84036
Attention:
Rich Wagner
Project No. GS06730.000-115
February 23, 2023
CTLIThompson, Inc.
Denver, Fort Collins, Colorado Springs, Glenwood Springs, Pueblo, Summit County — Colorado
Cheyenne, Wyoming and Bozeman, Montana
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SCOPE........................................................................................................
PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS..................................................................
SITEDESCRIPTION..................................................................................
Pasture.....................................................................................................
MiddleBench............................................................................................
WestRidge...............................................................................................
NorthMountain.........................................................................................
AspenRidge.............................................................................................
SoutheastSlope.......................................................................................
PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT....................................................................
GEOLOGIC SETTING AND STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY ......................... —
GEOLOGIC CONDITIONS..........................................................................
BedrockUnits...........................................................................................
SurfiicialDeposits......................................................................................
GEOLOGICHAZARDS................................................................................
Potentially Unstable Slopes.....................................................................
DebrisFlow/Mudflow................................................................................
RockfalI.....................................................................................................
GroundSubsidence..................................................................................
Radiation..................................................................................................
LIMITATIONS..............................................................................................
FIGURE 1 —AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH
FIGURE 2 — PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT
FIGURES 3 AND 4 — GEOLOGIC MAP
FIGURES 5 AND 6 — GEOLOGIC HAZARD MAP
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
4
4
12
STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTLIT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
SCOPE
CTLIThompson, Inc. (CTLIT) has performed multiple geologic and geotech-
nical investigations regarding the Spring Valley Ranch parcel in Garfield County,
Colorado. These investigations addressed previous development concepts by oth-
er clients. Recently, we were asked to generally evaluate geologic conditions on
the property with respect to the currently -proposed development plan. This report
provides an overview of site conditions, geology, and geologic hazards within the
approximately 5,908-acre parcel. We utilized data from our previous geologic and
geotechnical engineering investigations at the site, as well as observations from
our recent site reconnaissance to prepare this report.
PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS
CTLIT previously performed numerous geologic and geotechnical studies
on the Spring Valley Ranch property. Most of this work was completed between
August 1998 and December 2000 and included geologic evaluations, slope stabil-
ity analyses, and preliminary geotechnical engineering investigations. Our studies
concentrated on potential development areas for buildings and water tanks, as
well as proposed road alignments. Our scope for these investigations included re-
view of published geologic mapping, site reconnaissance, exploratory drilling and
excavation, laboratory testing, and engineering analysis.
The most recent studies at the site by CTLIT were a geologic evaluation
(Job No. GS-3976-A; report dated November 24, 2003) and a preliminary ge-
otechnical investigation (Job No. GS-3976-13; report dated November 24, 2003).
The preliminary geotechnical investigation included drilling 23 exploratory borings
and excavating 24 exploratory pits spaced across the property. Laboratory testing
was performed on many of the subsoils obtained from the borings and pits. The
geologic evaluation utilized a review of published geologic maps, analysis of aerial
photographs, and site reconnaissance to characterize the site. Deliverables for
STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC 1
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTLIT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
these reports included detailed mapping of geologic conditions and hazards, as
well as logs of exploratory borings and pits.
SITE DESCRIPTION
The Spring Valley Ranch property is an approximately 5,908-acre parcel
above and to the northeast of the Roaring Fork River Valley in the central part of
western Colorado. Ground surface topography generally steps down to the south-
west via a series of topographic benches. Ground surface on the benches is com-
paratively gently -sloping with steeper grades separating the benches. This topog-
raphy has been deeply incised by Landis Creek and other drainage channels,
which generally trend down to the southwest. Current development plans divide
the Spring Valley Ranch Parcel into six sub -parcels. An aerial photograph that in-
dicates these areas is included as the attached Figure 1. General descriptions of
site conditions within these sub -parcels are below.
Pasture
The Pasture is comprised of about 730 acres on the floor of Spring Valley,
southwest of County Road 115. Most of this part of the property is gently -sloping
down to the west and southwest. Moderate slopes are along the perimeter. This
area is predominantly irrigated hayfields. More hummocky terrain is in the south-
east part of the Pasture. Elevation ranges from about 7100 feet in the southeast to
6870 feet in the northwest. Vegetation in this area is a mixture of hayfield and nat-
ural scrub oak and sage.
Middle Bench
The Middle Bench is approximately 1,356 acres located above the north-
east side of County Road 115. Steep, southwest -facing slopes rise from the road
alignment a total elevation of about 500 to 700 feet to the upper part of the bench
STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC 2
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTLIT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
area. Ground surface is variable, ranging from gently -sloping meadows to low
ridges that separate minor drainage basins. Elevation ranges from about 7900 feet
in the north part of this area to approximately 7070 feet adjacent to the county
road. The northeast extent of the Middle Bench is along the toe of steep slopes
that rise to the northeast. Overhead powerlines cross the property near this transi-
tion. Vegetation on the Middle Bench consists of meadows with grasses and
weeds intermixed with areas of oak brush. Sloping ground is generally vegetated
with sage brush, grasses, and weeds with areas of dense scrub oak. Several
buildings that are part of a historic homestead are in the east part of the Middle
Bench.
West Ridge
The West Ridge sub -parcel is approximately 500 acres in the west part of
the Spring Valley Ranch PUD property. This area is west of the Landis Creek
drainage. Topography in the West Ridge area is defined by several knobs that sur-
round a lower central area. Elevation within this sub -parcel varies from about 7770
feet in the north to 7030 feet along the county road. Ground surface slopes on the
knobs are generally moderately sloping. Steeper slopes are adjacent to the access
road that is within the creek drainage. Numerous outcrops of basalt bedrock are
exposed along both sides of the drainage. Vegetation is predominantly oak brush
and sage. The central part of the sub -parcel is irrigated hayfield.
North Mountain
The North Mountain area consists of approximately 934 acres within the
northwest part of Spring Valley Ranch, PUD. Topography is irregular, but overall
slopes are down to the south and southwest. The slopes are incised by numerous
natural drainages. Ground surface elevations range from about 9200 feet at the
northeast to 7950 at the southwest. Vegetation is a mixture of oak brush and as-
pen forest.
STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC 3
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTLIT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
Aspen Ridge
The Aspen Ridge sub -parcel is approximately 1,214 acres within the north-
east part of the Spring Valley Ranch property. Topographically, this part of the
property can generally be visualized as hummocky slopes that generally step
down to the southwest and the Middle Bench area. Several knobs are within the
central and northeast parts of the Aspen Ridge area. A localized basin in the north
contains Hopkins Reservoir. This local area slopes down to the northwest toward
Landis Creek. Several minor drainages within the south part of the area trend
down to the southwest. Ground surface elevations vary from approximately 9,400
feet in the northeast to about 7900 feet in the southwest. Vegetation ranges from
aspen and coniferous trees in higher areas to oak brush on the lower slopes.
Southeast Slope
The Southeast Slope area is about 755 acres within the southeast part of
the property. A localized ridge trends from southeast to northwest in the central
part of this area. A small valley to the north and northeast of the ridge connects to
a drainage that trends down the south. A larger drainage on the northwest sepa-
rates the ridge from hummocky land to the north and northwest. Ground surface
elevations in the Southeast Slope area range from about 8600 feet in the north-
east to 7600 at the southwest. Vegetation is predominantly oak brush and sage.
Grass -covered meadow is within the small valley.
PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT
The currently proposed Spring Valley Ranch development will be for resi-
dential use with several amenity parcels, one 18-hole golf course, and one short
course. A small ski area is also contemplated. We were provided with a conceptu-
al plan by Storied Development (dated January 27, 2023). The conceptual devel-
opment is shown on the attached Figure 2. Infrastructure construction will include
STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC 4
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTLIT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
roads, utilities, and one new small reservoir. We anticipate that water and sewer
systems will be centralized. On -site Wastewater Treatment Systems (OWTS) are
reasonable to consider for many lots. General descriptions of proposed develop-
ment of the sub -parcels is below.
The Pasture sub -parcel area will remain largely without buildings or roads.
Approximately 75 community housing units are anticipated in the southeast, near
the intersection of Spring Valley Road and County Road 115. A looped access
road is contemplated for the residences.
At this writing, the Middle Bench sub -parcel will include about 200 single-
family lots. This area will include one 18-hole golf course, one short course, and a
clubhouse village. Maintenance facilities for the golf courses and metro district, as
well as a fire station are also contemplated within the Middle Bench. One small
reservoir is proposed. We anticipate these will be non -jurisdictional, water im-
poundment structures. Roads and utilities will be constructed throughout the de-
velopment.
The conceptual plan indicates that about 100 residential units are proposed
for the West Ridge sub -parcel. Lot sizes will vary from about 1 acre to greater than
5 acres. An amenity parcel is planned in the central part of the sub -parcel. This
parcel could include a community center and/or fitness center. Roads and utilities
will be constructed from the Landis Creek drainage.
Relatively sparse development is anticipated within the North Mountain sub -
parcel. The current conceptual plan indicates 21 single-family lots of 2 acres to
greater than 5 acres. A central amenity parcel may include an open pavilion or
similar structure. Some of the roads and utilities constructed to access the devel-
opment area will climb and traverse steep slopes.
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SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTLIT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
The Northeast Aspen Ridge is expected to include 121 single-family resi-
dences on lots of variable sizes. Some roads will traverse steep slopes. The cen-
tral amenity parcel could include a restaurant. Improvements to Hopkins Reservoir
are planned. A small ski area is contemplated within the Northeast Aspen Ridge
sub -parcel. Construction would include three chairlifts and a ski lodge. The lodge
is proposed near Hopkins Reservoir.
The Southeast Slope sub -parcel is likely to include about 54 single-family
lots. The sizes of the lots will range from about 3 acres to more than 5 acres.
Some roads and utilities will clirnb and traverse steep slopes. It does not appear
that an amenity parcel will be within the Southeast Slope area.
GEOLOGIC SETTING AND STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
Spring Valley Ranch is located in an area of complex regional geology at
the conjunction of several structural geologic elements. The White River Uplift is to
the north and the Sawatch Uplift is to the east. The Elk Mountains are to the south
and the Grand Hogback is to the west. These large-scale features are related to
the continental tectonic setting.
The degree of geologic activity at Spring Valley Ranch is primarily influ-
enced by a smaller -scale feature known as the Carbondale Collapse Center,
which has an aerial extent of approximately 200 square miles. Glenwood Springs,
Carbondale and the lower part of the Roaring Fork and Crystal River Valleys are
within the boundaries of the feature. It is generally accepted that the Carbondale
Collapse Center is the result of evaporite minerals in the Pennsylvanian aged Ea-
gle Valley Evaporite being dissolved and removed by circulating groundwater.
Where this dissolution process undermines overlying bedrock units and surficial
deposits, collapse of the overlying materials has resulted in ground subsidence.
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SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTLIT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000.115
La
Basalt flows in the vicinity of Spring Valley Ranch range in age from approx-
imately 3 million years to 22 million years old. Based on radiometric dating by the
Colorado Geologic Survey (CGS) and elevation differences in numerous Quater-
nary to Tertiary aged Basalt Flows, total subsidence within the Carbondale Col-
lapse Center has been estimated between 3,000 to 4,000 vertical feet. Based on
the radiometric dating of basalts and salinity output of various hot springs in the
Roaring Fork and Colorado River Valleys, it is estimated that the subsidence oc-
curred over a span of at least 3.7 million years. The collapse mechanism is con-
sidered to have a low degree of activity with respect to human development and
construction.
GEOLOGIC CONDITIONS
Bedrock units below the Spring Valley Ranch property include the Pennsyl-
vanian -aged Eagle Valley Evaporite and Eagle Valley Formation, the Pennsylvani-
an to Permian -aged Maroon Formation, and Quaternary to Tertiary -aged basalt
flows. These bedrock units have been fractured and faulted by regional collapse
that originated in the Eagle Valley Evaporite. The Maroon Formation and basalt
flows are closest to the ground surface and across most of the site are the only
bedrock units with outcrops. Geologic conditions are shown on Figures 3 and 4.
Additional discussion of the geology is in the sections below.
Bedrock Units
The Eagle Valley Evaporite is a heterogeneous rock unit consisting mostly
of evaporite minerals interbedded with siltstone, sandstone and limestone. Under
lithostatic pressure the evaporite material is susceptible to plastic flow defor-
mation, which resulted in a high degree of bending and contorting of the original
bedding.
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CTLIT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
The contorted bedding results in random pockets of highly soluble evaporite
minerals that are intermixed with low -solubility sandstone, siltstone and limestone.
Where the soluble minerals are overlain by bedrock, small to large blocks have
been down -faulted to create surface subsidence. Overburden soils can collapse
into the voids, resulting in sinkholes. Depending on the amount of soluble miner-
als, groundwater circulation, and strength and thickness of overburden materials,
varying amounts of surface subsidence has occurred at the site.
The Eagle Valley Formation (map unit Pev) is a transitional bedrock unit.
This formation contains increasing amounts of siltstone, sandstone and limestone
interbedded with decreasing amounts of evaporite beds. Outcrops of Eagle Valley
Formation are in the northwest part of the North Mountain sub -parcel
The Maroon Formation (map unit P-Pm) consists of interbedded
conglomerates, sandstones, siltstones, and claystones. Outcrops are predomi-
nately located within the North Mountain and Aspen Ridge sub -parcels. A charac-
teristic of the Maroon Formation and its derived surficial deposits is a red color due
to a large content of oxidized iron. Much of the surficial soil deposits within the
north part of the Spring Valley Ranch property were derived from the Maroon For-
mation.
The most widespread rock outcrops at the site are comprised of basalt
flows (map unit QTb). The basalt flows in the area likely occurred sporadically
since late Tertiary time. These flows at the site appear to be above down -faulted
blocks of Maroon Formation. In many places they are interlayered with surficial soil
deposits.
Surficial Deposits
Geologic conditions at Spring Valley Ranch have produced a varied and
complex assortment of Quaternary -aged surficial deposits. The development of
STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTLIT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
the surficial deposits has been primarily controlled by the collapse process and
simultaneous weathering, erosion, and mass -wasting.
Faulting has reduced some of the bedrock to rubble and generated an
underlying stair step structure. Throughout the down -faulting process, weathering
and erosion of the Maroon Formation, basalt flows, and rubblized derivatives pro-
duced deposits of slopewash, colluvium (map unit Qc) and alluvium. Colluvium
grades into slope failure complexes (map unit Qsfc) where the colluvium has been
draped over down -faulted bedrock blocks.
Some areas have been identified as landslides (map unit Qls) and rock -
slides (map unit Qrs). Within down -faulted basins and along major drainages, allu-
vium and colluvium are interfingered producing undifferentiated deposits (map unit
Qac). Lacustrine deposits (mapped unit Qlc) have accumulated in some of the
down -faulted basins. Debris flow fans are found at the mouths of several drainag-
es. Some of the debris fans are recent and may be active (map unit Qdf), other
debris fans are ancient and appear dormant (map unit Qdfo).
GEOLOGIC HAZARDS
Our geologic study identified several geologic conditions that need to be
considered during planning for the project. The geologic conditions identified will
not prevent development of the property for the intended uses, but mitigation may
be required at some locations. Geologic hazards interpreted by CTLIT are shown
on Figures 5 and 6. Geologic hazards at the site include potentially unstable
slopes, debris flow/mudflow, and rockfall. Other concerns related to geologic con-
ditions include regional issues of subsidence and radiation.
STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC 9
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTLIT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000.115
Potentially Unstable Slopes
The most widespread potential geologic hazard identified at the site is po-
tentially unstable slopes. Erosion has deeply incised slope failure complex depos-
its and other surficial deposits at the site, which suggests stability during the last
several thousand years. In our opinion, most slope failure deposits on the Spring
Valley Ranch property are ancient, dormant, and stable. During our recent site re-
connaissance, we did not observe evidence of large-scale slope movement on the
property.
We delineated potentially unstable slopes into the categories, Pus, and
Pusz, as indicated by the geologic hazard mapping. Potentially unstable slope ar-
eas are generally designated as those steeper than approximately 30 percent.
Where the slopes are underlain by slope failure complex deposits (Qsfc), we con-
sider the stability to be lower. Those slopes are mapped as higher risk, Pusi, on
the Geologic Hazards Map. Where the slopes are not underlain by slope failure
complex deposits, we judge the slopes are relatively stable. These slopes are
mapped as lower risk, Pusz.
Several of the landslides mapped northwest of Landis Creek (see Figure 4)
exhibited evidence of recent and possibly active soil creep, such as deformed tree
trunks and scarp -like features. Site -specific geotechnical investigations will be
needed to address slope stability prior to each construction phase. Construction
which disturbs the landsides will need to be evaluated on a case -by -case basis.
Mitigation such as slope retention and subsurface drainage systems could be re-
quired for some buildings and sections of roads.
Debris Flow/Mudflow
We judge that debris flow/mudflow hazards on the Spring Valley Ranch
property are limited to debris fans (Qdf) and drainages. In these areas, surface
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CTLIT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
runoff is concentrated into narrow drainages where turbulent flow can be confined,
allowing sediment loads to achieve sufficient concentrations to produce debris
flows and/or mudflows. We did not observe evidence of recent mudflows or debris
flows during our recent site reconnaissance.
The most significant potential debris flow/mudflow hazard is associated with
Landis Creek and its tributary drainages. A second area of potential hazard is as-
sociated with the drainage in the south-central part of the property. In our opinion,
the risk from debris flows and/or mudflows can be mitigated by avoidance of con-
struction within steep -sided drainages and potential construction of detention
structures for sediment -laden water.
Rockfall
Rockfall hazards on the Spring Valley Ranch property are generally limited
to the sides of the Landis Creek drainage, as well as the slopes that separate the
Aspen Ridge and Southeast Slope sub -parcels from the lower Middle Bench sub -
parcel. Some mitigation, such as scaling, rock bolting, and impact structures, could
be required. During our site reconnaissance, our observation indicated that small-
scale rockfalls actively occur at the site. We qualitatively rate the overall degree of
rockfall hazard as low to moderate. Design of rockfall mitigation should be based
on site -specific evaluation with respect to the planned development.
Ground Subsidence
We did not observe recent ground subsidence or sinkholes during our site
reconnaissance. Reservoirs on the Spring Valley Ranch property should be con-
structed with synthetic liners to reduce the probability of water infiltration and
ground wetting, which can be a significant factor in soil subsidence and formation
of sinkholes. In our opinion, the potential for subsidence is greatest near the faults
that are indicated on Figures 3 and 4.
STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC 11
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTLIT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
The faults shown on our geologic map are likely more complex than the ap-
proximate locations indicated. We believe the faults are a complex array of shears
and micro -faults that create a fault zone that is at least 10 to 20 feet wide. In gen-
eral, we judge that the potential for fault movement at Spring Valley Ranch is simi-
lar to other nearby developments, such as the Colorado Mountain College - Spring
Valley Campus. We are not aware of damage to buildings and structures at nearby
sites due to fault movement. In our opinion, it is reasonable and appropriate to site
roads and buildings in potential fault influence zones at Spring Valley Ranch.
Radiation
Elevated concentrations of radioactive materials are not generally associat-
ed with the geologic conditions that occur at the Spring Valley Ranch property.
During previous investigations at the site, CTLIT performed a radiation survey by
spot -screening widely -spaced locations for gamma radiation. Measurements were
taken with a Ludlum Instruments, Model 19, Micro-R-meter carried at arm's length
approximately 2 feet above the ground surface. Our readings ranged from approx-
imately 10 to 17 micro -roentgens per hour. In our opinion, these levels of radiation
are consistent with normal background radiation in the area.
LIMITATIONS
The discussion of geologic conditions and hazards in this report is general-
ized and preliminary. Our geologic mapping and delineation of potential hazards is
an interpretation based on our site reconnaissance, as well as exploratory drilling
and excavation for our previous geotechnical investigations at the site. More de-
tailed studies need to be performed as development plans progress to develop
recommendations for construction of roads, utilities, buildings, and structures.
STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC 12
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTLIT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
This report provides information for use by the client during initial planning
construction concepts for roads, buildings, and structures at the site. Site -specific,
design -level geotechnical engineering investigations will be needed to develop
recommendations for these project components. Additional subsurface investiga-
tion will be required as part of the design -level, geotechnical engineering investiga-
tions.
This geologic evaluation was conducted in a manner consistent with that
level of care and skill ordinarily exercised by geotechnical engineers currently
practicing under similar conditions in the locality of this project. No warranty, ex-
press or implied, is made. If we can be of further service in discussing the contents
of this report, please call.
CTLITHOMPSON, INC
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ames D. Kellogg, P.E
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STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTLIT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
13
0 1,500 3,000
SCALE: 1' = 3,000'
LEGEND:
APPROXIMATE PROPERTY BOUNDARY
APPROXIMATE SUB -PARCEL BOUNDARY
APPROXIMATE ROAD LOCATION
NOTE: SATELLITE MAGE FROM MAXAR
(COPYRIGHT 2023)
STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTL/T PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115 AERIAL PHOTO FIG
0 1,500 3,000
SCALE: 1" = 3,000'
NOTE: BASE IMAGE FROM SWABACK, PLLC
(DATED JANUARY 27, 2023)
LEGEND:
APPROXIMATE PROPERTY BOUNDARY
APPROXIMATE SUB -PARCEL BOUNDARY
APPROXIMATE ROAD LOCATION
` COUNTY ROAD 115
COUNTY ROAD 115
SPRING VALLEY ROAD
STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTL/T PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
DEVELOPMENT
PLAN
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Fig. 2
WEST V 1 f
RIDGE
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(COPYRIGHT 2023) Qc \ `
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,
— a -
APPROXIMATE SUB —PARCEL BOUNDARY �f' QTb Qac Q
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STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC GEOLOGIC
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTUT PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115 MAP FIG. 3
0 1,000 2,000
SCALE. 1" = 2,000'
NOTE: SATELLITE IMAGE FROM GOOGLE EARTH
(COPYRIGHT 2023)
LEGEND:
APPROXIMATE PROPERTY BOUNDARY
APPROXIMATE SUB —PARCEL BOUNDARY
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STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC GEOLOGIC
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTL T PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-11 s MAP FIG. 4
-
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STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC GEOLOGIC
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTL/T PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115 HAZARD MAP FIG. 5
0 1,000 2,000
SCALE: 1' = 2,000'I
LEGEND:
NOTE:
SATELLITE IMAGE FROM LANDSAT
(COPYRIGHT 2023)
APPROXIMATE PROPERTY BOUNDARY
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APPROXIMATE GEOLOGIC UNIT BOUNDARY
STORIED DEVELOPMENT, LLC
SPRING VALLEY RANCH
CTL/T PROJECT NO. GS06730.000-115
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