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HomeMy WebLinkAbout07.0 Application to DRMS5 Mile Pit March 2016 112(c) Application to the Colorado Division of Reclamation, Mining, and Safety By: CONSTRUCTION, INC. Elam Construction, Inc. Represented by: )1( Greg Lewicki And Associates, PLLC 11541 Warrington Court Plane: (303) 346-5196 Fax (303)-346-6934 Parker, CO USA 80138 E -Mail: info@lewicki.biz TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction EXHIBIT A LEGAL DESCRIPTION EXHIBIT B LOCATION MAP EXHIBIT C PREMINE AND MINE PLAN MAPS EXHIBIT D MINING PLAN EXHIBIT E RECLAMATION PLAN EXHIBIT F RECLAMATION MAPS EXHIBIT G WATER INFORMATION EXHIBIT H WILDLIFE INFORMATION EXHIBIT I SOILS INFORMATION EXHIBIT J VEGETATION INFORMATION EXHIBIT K CLIMATE INFORMATION EXHIBIT L WORST CASE RECLAMATION SCENARIO EXHIBIT M OTHER PERMITS REQUIRED EXHIBIT N RIGHT OF ENTRY EXHIBIT 0 OWNERS OF AFFECTED LAND AND MINERAL TO BE MINED EXHIBIT P MUNICIPALITIES WITHIN TWO MILES EXHIBIT Q PROOF OF MAILING OF NOTICES TO THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS AND SOIL CONSERVATION DISTRICT EXHIBIT R PROOF OF FILING WITH COUNTY CLERK EXHIBIT S PERMANENT MAN-MADE STRUCTURES RULE 1.6.2(1)(B) GEOTECHNICAL STABILITY EXHIBIT APPENDIX 1 - MAPS Introduction Elam Construction is applying for a 112 construction materials reclamation permit with the Colorado Division of Reclamation, Mining, and Safety. This application supersedes any other previous ones for this site. The 5 Mile Pit will be a sand and gravel pit located 4.3 miles southwest of Parachute, CO along Interstate Highway 70 (I 70). The site is currently a ranch for grazing cattle. A deposit of alluvium lies atop of the sandstones of the Mesaverde group. The pit will be on 130.56 acres of land located in the SW1/4 and NE1/4 of Section 33, Township 7S, Range R96W of the 6th P.M. in Garfield County. The site is accessed from US 6 & 40 via Battlement Parkway and a private access. Its location can be seen in Exhibit B. Mining will take place on 40.7 acres of the 130.56 acre permit area. The permittee for this site is Elam Construction, Inc (Elam). The landowner is 5 -Mile Ranch, LLC. Elam has a lease with 5 -Mile Ranch for the extraction of gravel. The entire site will be reclaimed to dry rangeland following mining All maps are found in Appendix 1. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 i-1 EXHIBIT A LEGAL DESCRIPTION A parcel of land situated in SE1/4 SE1/4 of section 28 and in Section 33, Township 7 South, Range 96 West of the Sixth Principal Meridian, County Of Garfield, State Of Colorado; said parcel being more particularly described as follows: COMMENCING AT THE NORTHEAST CORNER OF SAID SECTION 33, A BLM CAP IN PLACE, THE POINT OF BEGINNING; THENCE S00°0155"E ALONG THE EASTERLY BOUNDARY OF SAID SECTION 33 A DISTANCE OF 1,369.44 FEET; THENCE LEAVING SAID EASTERLY BOUNDARY S17°45'22'W ALONG THE WESTERLY RIGHT- OF-WAY OF UNA ROAD A DISTANCE OF 1,065.87 FEET TO A POINT IN THE CENTER OF THE COLORADO RIVER, AS DEFINED IN BOOK 602 AT PAGE 964 OF THE GARFIELD COUNTY CLERK AND RECORDER'S OFFICE; THENCE ALONG SAID CENTERLINE AS DEFINED, N69°04'13'W A DISTANCE OF 1,170.74 FEET; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID CENTERLINE S85°15'21"W A DISTANCE OF 324.97 FEET; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID CENTERLINE S59°20'30"W A DISTANCE OF 316.71 FEET; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID CENTERLINE S48°53'02'W A DISTANCE OF 337.31 FEET; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID CENTERLINE S20°46'48'W A DISTANCE OF 328.61 FEET; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID CENTERLINE S11°57'01"W A DISTANCE OF 859.10 FEET; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID CENTERLINE S64°03'25"W A DISTANCE OF 1,512.73 FEET; THENCE LEAVING SAID CENTERLINE N55°52'00'W A DISTANCE OF 326.96 FEET TO A POINT ON THE SOUTHERLY RIGHT-OF-WAY OF THE UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD; THENCE N34°08'00"E ALONG SAID SOUTHERLY RIGHT-OF-WAY A DISTANCE OF 2,309.28 FEET; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY ALONG THE ARC OF A CURVE TO THE RIGHT HAVING A RADIUS OF 3,080.15 FEET AND A CENTRAL ANGLE OF 07°48'48", A DISTANCE OF 420.03 FEET, (CHORD BEARS N37°12'54"E A DISTANCE OF 419.70 FEET) TO A POINT ON THE NORTH -SOUTH CENTERLINE OF SAID SECTION 33; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY NOO°1912'W ALONG SAID NORTH -SOUTH CENTERLINE A DISTANCE OF 73.67 FEET; THENCE LEAVING SAID CENTERLINE AND CONTINUING ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY ALONG THE ARC OF A CURVE TO THE RIGHT HAVING A RADIUS OF 2,815.06 FEET AND A CENTRAL ANGLE OF 12°1422", A DISTANCE OF 601.36 FEET, (CHORD BEARS N48°41'42"E A DISTANCE OF 600.21 FEET); THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID RIGHT- OF-WAY N55°08'54"E A DISTANCE OF 98.96 FEET; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID RIGHT- OF-WAY N55°29'00"E A DISTANCE OF 2,142.73 FEET TO A POINT ON THE NORTHERLY BOUNDARY OF SAID SECTION 33; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY N87° 19'01 "E ALONG SAID NORTHERLY BOUNDARY A DISTANCE OF 94.82 FEET; THENCE LEAVING SAID NORTHERLY BOUNDARY AND CONTINUING ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY N55°29'00"E A DISTANCE OF 299.37 FEET TO A POINT ON THE EASTERLY BOUNDARY OF SAID SECTION 28; THENCE LEAVING SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY S01 °57'23"E ALONG SAID EASTERLY BOUNDARY A DISTANCE OF 157.92 FEET TO THE POINT OF BEGINNING; SAID PARCEL CONTAINING 130.558 ACRES, MORE OR LESS. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 A-1 Mine Entrance: 39.40064 N, 108.10525 W Map data shown is from the USGS Parachute Quadrangle, Colorado -Garfield County, 7.5 Minute Series (Topographic). 0' 3000' 6000' Mine entrance latitude and longitude is measured from said quadrangle. EXHIBIT C Map C-1 Baseline Conditions Map C-2 Mine Plan Map C-3 Cross Sections PREMINE AND MINE PLAN MAPS 5 Mile Pit March 2016 C- 1 EXHIBIT D MINING PLAN 1. General Mining Plan The permit area for the 5 Mile Pit is 130.56 acres. 51 acres of that area will be disturbed as part of mining operations. 40.7 acres will be the mining pits, with the remaining area consisting of roads, topsoil/overburden storage piles, and the detention pond. Sand and gravel for use in making construction materials products, will be mined onsite. Crushing, screening, and washing of material will all take place on site. Asphalt and concrete production will take place on site. Reclamation will occur concurrently with mining, as mining progresses from east to west. Table D-1 shows the mining areas for the site. Table D-1 Mining Areas Mining Phase Area 1 14.7 Acres 2 9.5 Acres 3 16.5 Acres Total 40.7 acres Mining will stay at least 100 feet from the railroad right of way, and at least 200 feet from the Colorado River. Mining activity will stay at least 50 feet away from the rest of the permit boundary. Setbacks of this size ensure the protection of outside structures from excavation related impacts. Topsoil and overburden berms may be constructed inside the above listed setbacks as part of noise and visual mitigation. Blasting will not take place at the 5 Mile Pit. 2. Mining Timetable Production is planned at around 150,000 tons per year. The deposit is believed to contain roughly 1 million tons. Based on these calculations, the pit could be mined out in roughly seven years. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 D- 1 However, market forces dictate aggregate production, and therefore the mine life discussed here is only an educated guess. Table D-2 Mining Timetable Mining Phases Time to Complete 1 2.5 years 2 1.5 years 3 2.5 years Final Reclamation 0.5 years Total 7 years 3. Mine Facilities and Operation The following activities will take place at the 5 Mile Pit: • Crushing and screening • Washing of rock • Asphalt manufacture • Concrete manufacture Equipment to support these activities will include portable plants, excavators, and haul trucks. 4. Topsoil and Overburden Handling Topsoil and overburden on site ranges from six to twelve feet thick. The upper 12 to 18 inches is likely to be usable soil, and therefore the upper 12 inches will be salvaged for use in reclamation. Topsoil and overburden will be stored in the berms shown on Map C-2. These berms are required as part of the approved Garfield County permit. Each berm will be vegetated within 180 days of completion. These berms will contain a total volume of 250,000 CY of overburden and topsoil. Roughly 65,000 CY of that will be topsoil. Topsoil will be kept separate from overburden, in its own berm. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 D- 2 Over 640,000 CY of overburden will be generated over the course of the mine's life, with the majority of it being directly placed as backfill for reclamation. 5. Water Handling Pit dewatering will be necessary to mine to depths desired by Elam. Perimeter dewatering ditches will be installed below the operational floor of the pit, and a dewatering pump placed at the low point of these ditches to facilitate dewatering. Placing the dewatering pump below the floor grade allows dewatering operations to intercept the ground water before it can interact with the disturbed areas of the site. Details regarding water handling can be found in Exhibit G. The dewatering pump will be moved during the mine's life, but will typically be in the southwest most corner, so to minimize the distance to the detention pond. 6. Schedule of Operations The 5 Mile Pit will operate from 7 am to 8 pm Monday through Saturday from March through November. From December to February, it will operate between 7 am and 6 pm Monday through Saturday. No regular nighttime activities are anticipated. Occasional equipment repair or maintenance may be conducted at night, but all lighting will be kept to a minimum and directed inward. 7. Garfield County Impacts and Environment Impacts The 5 Mile Pit will impact Garfield County roads and similar services. How these impacts are addressed is covered in the Garfield County Special Use Permit, that is already approved. Environmental impacts include air, water, and noise. Elam will obtain, and comply with, all required permits and laws related to these environmental impacts. 8. Import Materials The pit may accept concrete and asphalt materials that have been removed from existing sites in order that they can be recycled through the plants on site. Fill material may also be accepted into the mine site. Fill material will be spread out on the mined out pit floor and will be blended into the 5 Mile Pit March 2016 D- 3 final landscape. Some material may also be re -sold as construction material. None of this material can be accepted by the Operator unless the attached form is filled out by the entity bringing the material to the site. The form provides an assurance that all material brought to the site is inert and has no toxic or acid forming material above acceptable limits. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 D- 4 Affidavit for Import of Materials into 5 Mile Pit Date or Time Period of Import: Description of Import Material: Entity Providing Material to Pit (not the trucking Company): I hereby certify that the material described above and brought to the 5 Mile Pit site is inert, which means it is free from any chemicals, toxic substances, acid forming material, or any other material which would violate the material waste disposal laws of the State of Colorado. Signature Written Name of Signer Signer's Position in Company Company Date: 5 Mile Pit March 2016 D- 5 EXHIBIT E 1. General Reclamation Plan RECLAMATION PLAN 5 Mile Pit will disturb 51 acres of the permitted 130.56 acres as part of mining. 40.7 acres will be the mine pits, while the remainder will be berms, roads, and the detention pond. The reclamation breakdown of the site is as follows: Table E-1 Reclaimed Areas Post Mine Land Use Area (acres) Dry rangeland 34.70 Lakes 16.30 Undisturbed m 79.56 Total 130.56 Reclamation will be pursued contemporaneously with mining. Backfilling to the final contour, as shown on Map F-1, will take place as mining progresses. The final shape of the reclaimed lakes will be like that shown on Map F-1, although there might be small variation in the shoreline so that the lakes appear organic. The maximum length of mined out, unbackfilled highwall is 1000 feet. No more than 400 feet of backfilled slope will be untopsoiled at any time. Final reclamation slopes will be 3H:1V down to 10 feet below the anticipated water level, and then 2H:1 V to the bottom. If no DRMS approved water right is in place for the consumptive of exposed groundwater, than mining and reclamation will stop at 4990'. Map F-2 shows this scenario. The post -mine land use of the site will be predominantly dry rangeland, like the pre mine condition, with the addition of the ground water lakes. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 E-1 2. Topsoil Replacement Topsoil will be replaced at a depth of 6-12 inches across all appropriate slopes. Areas that are more than five feet below the water line may not be topsoiled. Once topsoil has been placed on an area, it will disced or harrowed prior to seeding. 3. Haul Roads and Access All of the internal haul roads and parking area around the office and scale house will be topsoiled following the completion of mining The access connection to Battlement Parkway will be left in place for the use of the landowner. 4. Reclamation Timetable Reclamation of the 5 Mile Pit will mostly be completed concurrently with mining Therefore, refer to Table D-2 in Exhibit D for a timetable of the operation's life, including reclamation. 5. Revegetation Plan Following the placement of topsoil, seeding will take place in the next soonest appropriate planting season. This will either be in the spring (March 15 -April 15) or in the fall (September 15 -November 15). The topsoil will be disked or harrowed in advance of seed application. Table E-1 shows the seed mix and seeding rates that will be applied at the 5 Mile Pit. Table E-2 Seed Mixes Temporary Seed Mix Plant Seeding rate (lbs of PLS/ac) Western wheatgrass 16 Siberian wheatgrass 11 Orchardgrass 4 ussian wi ry 10 Bottlebrush squirreltail 9 50 Reclamation Seed Mix Plant 5 Mile Pit March 2016 E-2 Indian ricegrass 18 18 Bottlebrush squirreltail Western wheatgrass 40 Galleta grass 6 Streambank wheatgrass 11 i Bluebrunch wheatgrass 18 Tota l— 111 Broadcast seeding will be the method used to seed the site. If drill seeding is used anywhere, the seed application rate from Table E-1 will be halved. Mulch will be crimped into the revegetated areas at a rate of 2000 lbs/ac. No fertilizer will be used. 6. Post -Reclamation Site Drainage Following mining and reclamation, the 5 Mile Pit will capture a portion of the run off that left the site prior to mining This will be due to the presence of the lakes, which will have an effective storage of over 100 ac -ft ac -ft above their static water level. Revegetation according to DRMS and NRCS standards will return the non -lake areas of the site to the same drainage patterns and capacities as before. Details regarding surface water can be found in Exhibit G. 7. Revegetation Success Criteria Revegetation will be deemed adequate when erosion is controlled, and the vegetation cover is similar to the existing cover, and is considered satisfactory according to Division standards. 8. Monitoring Reclamation Success Monitoring the reclamation on an ongoing basis will ensure its success. The operator plans to use the local NRCS office to determine the capacity of the reclaimed land to control erosion. If minor changes or modifications are needed to the seeding and reclamation plan, revision plans will be submitted to the Division. It is hoped that the Division will provide assistance in evaluating the success of the ongoing reclamation process. Information on all areas disturbed and reclaimed as well as any other important items regarding the reclamation will be submitted in the 5 Mile Pit March 2016 E-3 annual reports to the Division, Garfield County and Division of Parks and Wildlife will also be consulted on the progress of the reclamation. 9. Weed Control Measures will be employed for the control of any noxious weed species. The objective of this weed management plan is to control undesirable plants on the 5 Mile Pit property. Plants identified through the Colorado Noxious Weed Act (C.R.S. 35-5.5) and the Garfield County Noxious Weed List as undesirable and designated for management within the county will be removed. These plants identified as noxious weeds will be managed by control measures. A Weed Control Plan will be utilized as follows: 1) Each April, a weed survey will be taken of the permit area. 2) If any patches or plants have been identified, they will be sprayed by backpack sprayer or 4 -wheeler using chemicals approved for use by the weed control staff of Garfield County. 3) After reclamation, weed surveys and spraying will continue until the perennial cover and production of the site have met DRMS requirements and bond release has been obtained. The Division and Garfield County Weed Program staff will be consulted regarding any weed infestation areas and any control measures prior to their initiation. The plan does not contemplate total weed removal on the property. Past experience has shown that some initial weed cover in the first year following the retopsoiling is beneficial to the reclamation effort in rangeland site. Weeds tend to provide shade for new grasses, are a means of holding snow on the seedbed longer and protecting it from wind and water erosion until the planted species have taken hold. During all phases of the mining operation the permit area will be monitored closely every year, through which the operator may determine if any additional weeds have grown. If any new species of weeds are found, Garfield County Weed Program and the Division will be consulted in order to formulate the best plan for the new infestation. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 E-4 EXHIBIT F RECLAMATION MAPS Map F-1 Reclamation Plan 5 Mile Pit March 2016 F-1 EXHIBIT G 1. General WATER INFORMATION Mining of an alluvial deposit like the 5 Mile Pit will involve affecting local ground water and surface water. In general, any water encountered by operations will be rerouted away from on site activities to protect its quality. Surface water from the surrounding area will be allowed to enter the pit. Surface water runoff from within the site will be routed to the mining pit as well. Ground water encountered during mining will be pumped out and discharged via a Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment discharge point. 2. Surface Water The Colorado River is located over 200 feet south of the mining area. No ditches or laterals cross the permit property. Drainage within the permit boundary is mostly sheet flow to the Colorado River with some local gully and rills paths. Wetlands located on the property are delineated on Map C-1, and mining avoids these. Local drainage basins and drainage paths for before, during, and after mining can be seen on Maps C-1, C-2, and F. The 100 -year floodplain crosses through the site. No permanent fill is being placed within the floodplain. The mining pits, and then remaining lakes, are sumps during storm events, reducing the severity of the storm flows in the immediate area. 2.1 Run Off Calculations The drainage basins (A & B) uphill of the property (See Figure 1) are both directed via existing storm water structures around the proposed mining area. The culverts and channels that cross the property will be maintained by Elam during operations. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 G-1 PERMIT BOUNDARY EXISTING CHANNEL (outside of disturbance area) • L1 ■ EXISTING CHANNEL & CULVERT (outside of disturbance area) 5 Mile Pit March 2016 Figure 1 — Off Site Drainage Basins G-2 LIP 34 Disturbed area runoff will all drain to the pits during mining. The topsoil and overburden storage berms will be vegetated upon construction to ensure they do not discharge additional sediment off site during storms. The runoff calculations for the disturbed area of the 5 Mile Pit are as follows: Runoff Curve Number and Runoff Tue Feb 23 15:04:34 2016 Project: 5 Mile Project: Mining Runoff Location: 5 Mile Pit Present 1. Runoff Curve Number (CN) Cover description Open Space -Poor (<50% grass) CN (weighted): Total Area: 89.0 50.527 Acre By: B Langenfeld Date: 02/23/16 CN Soil Group Area(Acre) 89 D 50.527 2. Runoff Return Period: 100 YEAR Rainfall, P: 2.70 in Runoff, Q: 1.6310 in Runoff Volume: 6.8673 Acre -Ft Runoff Curve Number and Runoff Project: 5 Mile Project: Reclaimed Lakes Location: 5 Mile Pit Developed Tue Feb 23 15:02:02 2016 By: B Langenfeld Date: 02/23/16 1. Runoff Curve Number (CN) Cover description CN Soil Group Area(Acre) Open Space -Poor (<50% grass) 89 D 34.252 Water Surface 100 16.275 CN (weighted) : Total Area: 92.5 50.527 Acre 2. Runoff Return Period: 100 YEAR Rainfall, P: 2.70 in Runoff, Q: 1.9272 in Runoff Volume: 8.1146 Acre -Ft The total capacity of the mining area during operations is 380+ ac -ft. There will be over 100 ac -ft of storage above the lake level in the post mine condition of the site. In both cases, there is more than 5 Mile Pit March 2016 G-3 enough capacity to hold the 100 -year event runoff on site. Any storm water captured during mining will pass through the dewatering system and detention pond prior to discharge. There will be no adverse impact to the site discharge by the mining and reclamation operations of the 5 Mile Pit. 3. Ground Water During the mining of the alluvium, the ground water roughly 10 feet below the surface will be exposed. This exposure will be limited, since pit dewatering will quickly move it back into the river directly. However, the exposure of this ground water and the pit dewatering will both necessitate an augmentation plan for the life of the operation. Such a plan will be in place with the Colorado Division of Water Resource prior to the exposure of ground water on site. Nearby wells that have been identified are located on Map C-1, as best as possible using mapping data from the Colorado Division of Water Resources. Only one well is located within 600 feet of the pit, and that is a well owned by RTZ Industrial, just south of the southeast corner of the pit. This well was part of an augmentation plan for this site, but the augmentation plan is no longer applicable. Therefore, the well may be abandoned. In the event that any impact is detected by the well owners, Elam will work with them to restore full function of said wells. 4. Water Consumption for the Operation Water will be used in the following manner at the 5 Mile Pit: Table G-1 Mining Water Consumption Annual Water Usage Dust control 8.4 ac-ft In Crushing and Screening 0.3 ac-ft hAsnhalt Dlan n z ird+ 1 4% of Mined Material 4.4 ac-ft Tot. 13.4 ac-ft 5. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit Elam Construction will have an approved NPDES permit from the Water Quality Control Division of the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment prior to any discharge. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 G-4 EXHIBIT H WILDLIFE INFORMATION See the attached Wildlife Assessment Report. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 H-1 . .. • AI • '0,44 • :if:. . • . • • • •„ • roi; . • -• - ' ' . August 2007 0222 BOBCAT LANE • REDSTONE • COLORADO • 81623 PHONE/FAX: (970) 963-2190 • CELL: (970) 309-4454 EMAIL: ERIC.PETTERSON@STARBAND.NET • RTZ Gravel Pal Wig4fe Assessment Report Arca 2007 1 SUMMARY This Wildlife Assessment Report details the wildlife use & potential impacts and provides recommended mitigation measures for the proposed operation and development of a series of gravel pits, approximately 4.5 west of Parachute in Garfield County, Colorado (see Figure 1). The proponent (RTZ Industries) is proposing the mining and extraction of approximately 600,000 yards of gravel over a project area of 78 acres. It is anticipated that the mining will occur in three phases and that the reclamation will entail open water ponds. Future residential development of the property may occur, but these activities are not formally proposed at this time. The proposed mining schedule will be 150,000 tons/year for approximately ten years. This report is for the Garfield County Special Use Permit Application process. The site is located adjacent to the Colorado River (on a site referenced on USGS Topographic maps by the name "Una'), in an area bordered to the east by Garfield County Road 302, and existing and active gravel pit operations, to the north by the Union Pacific Rail Road line, and Interstate 70. To the west of the property is undeveloped land. The southern boundary of the property is the Colorado River. The legal description for the property is NW 1/4, Section 33, Township 7 South, Range 96 West, 6t' Principal Meridian, The property can be divided into three habitat types: 1. Uplands are dominated by greasewood (Sancobatus vermiculatus) flats, 2. Previously disturbed and excavated borrow pits (used to berm the Colorado River with levees in the recent past) and 3. Cottonwood riparian woodlands immediately adjacent to the Colorado River. This wildlife analysis is conceptual, based on information provided by Zancanella and Associates. This analysis is based on initial project level planning, and final design and planning of the project may change with feedback from Garfield County, US Army Corp of Engineers, CDOW, and other regulatory entities. 1.1 EVALUATED SPECIES Information on species status, distribution, and ecology was derived from USFWS recovery plans, Colorado Natural Heritage Program maps and reports, Colorado Division of Wildlife habitat mapping, discussions with CDOW Area Biologist John Broderick, CDOW Aquatic Biologist Anita Martinez, various scientific studies and reports, as well as field reviews. The US Fish and Wildlife list of Threatened and Endangered Species was used to determine if any species potentially occurred within or adjacent to the property. Additionally, the Colorado Division of Wildlife's list of Threatened, Endangered, and Species of Concem was referenced to determine if any species had potential habitat on or adjacent to the property (see: http://wildlife.state.co. uslWild IifeSpecies/SpeciesOfConcern/ThreatenedEndangeredList/ListOfThre atenedAndEndangeredSpecies.htm for the complete CDOW list). Research was conducted by Rocky Mountain Ecological Services to determine relevant habitat associations, life history traits, the rangewide or statewide distribution of known populations, and current status and trend of each species. The Colorado Natural Heritage database was consulted to ascertain the existence of known occurrences within the project area. Habitat surveys were conducted in April 2007 by Eric Petterson, Principal Ecologist of Rocky Mountain Ecological Services, Inc, and in May 2007 by Eric Petterson, and Mindy Wheeler, Plant Ecologist with WP Natural Resource Consulting, LLC. :KY MOUNTAIN ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, INC 1 R77 (Wave/Pits lY�ildkft As:rmrcnt 1 o7 Axtgurt 2007 Species chosen for impacts analysis have high biological, political, and public interest, as well as regulatory guidance. Individual wildlife species and groups not specifically mentioned in this assessment are not "insignificant", they are just not presently at issues because the limited extent of the proposed gravel mining operations would avoid or minimally impact these unmentioned species and their habitats. The following selected species either have habitat on or adjacent to the property: o Elk o Mule Deer o Bald Eagle (Delisted from ESA on July 8, 2007) o Yellow -billed Cuckoo (Federal Candidate Species) o River Otter (State Threatened) o Colorado Pikeminnow (Federally Endangered) o Razorback Sucker (Federally Endangered) o Humpback Chub (Federally Endangered) o Bonytail Chub (Federally Endangered) The property contains limited roosting habitat for bald eagles, despite the fact that Targe diameter cottonwood trees have recently fallen down. The live cottonwood trees, for the most part, are too small in diameter to adequately provide suitable roosting sites. The Colorado River in the vicinity of the project site contains habitats for the four Endangered fish species. Critical habitat as delineated by US Fish and Wildlife Service, within the stretch of river adjacent to the property only exists for razorback sucker and Colorado pikeminnow. Colorado River cutthroat trout (State Species of Concern) has suitable habitat in many of the perennial streams along the Colorado River tributaries. The development of the property should not impact the ability of this species to utilize suitable riverine habitats near the project area. Colorado River cutthroat trout generally do not utilize the mainstem of the Colorado River aside from incidental movements and incidental flushing during high water events. River Otter (State Threatened) has suitable habitat within the Colorado River. No decreases to instream flows within the Colorado River will occur due to this project. RTZ has tiled for augmentation water rights in order to offset potential out -of -priority depletions due to consumptive use from gravel mining operations, dust control, and evaporative losses. Please see Section 3.7 below for more information. As the project has no planned activities that would have direct impacts to fish populations in the Colorado River, this project should have no impacts on river otter populations or their habitat. The project has been designed to avoid significant wetland areas on the property, as well as riparian habitats adjacent to the Colorado River. Incidental impacts to wetlands must be in compliance with section 404 of the Clean Water Act, as regulated by the US Army Corp of Engineers (Colorado and Gunnison Basin Regulatory Office). 1141 Roo MOUNTAIN ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, INC. 3 wildlife A rs',nient Report 4 RIZ Gravel Pits 1610 Arra mai Report _- - _4 ,f 2007 1.2 FIGURE 1: LOCATION OP RTZ PROPERTY Legend Land Status OWNERSHIP II BLM 0 Private 7 State USPS 17.2 1t7Z-boundary et.Rocky Mountain Ecolo9ka1 Services, Inc. • 0222 Bobcat lane. Redstone, CO 81623 970.9a3.2190 eric.psltersoreeterba does Ownership RTZ Industrial Gravel Pitts Garfield County, Colorado Figure 1 Drawn By: Eric Patterson Date: May 2607 Scale: 1:57.255 ROCKY MOUNTAIN ECOLOGICA1. SERVICES, INC. 5 R FZ Gracval Pik I IR fa "Waimea Report AsoiL2007 2 EXISTING CONDITIONS & SPECIES BIOLOGY The upland areas, dominated by greasewood shrublands, also has infrequent rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseosus), halogeton (Halogeton glomeratus), Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus), wooly plantain (Plantago patagonica), and widely scattered saltbush (Atriplex confertifolia). In general, these habitats are produced by highly alkali soils. The understory plant diversity observed was low, but this may have been due to the time of year the site was visited. Past and current grazing of these areas occurs, and this also may have negatively impacted the understory plant diversity on this site. Within the borrow -pit areas on the property, vegetation and habitats are dominated by consecutive rings of vegetation around the pits, as likely determined by water pooling and subsequent soil moisture regimes. Around the edges of the borrow -pits, cottonwood (Populus deltoids) is present, but is dying off due to insufficient soil moisture. Within this zone, the noxious weed tamarisk (Tamarix ramosissima) dominates the current vegetation, and widely scattered Russian olive (Elaegnus angustifolia) (also a noxious weed) exists. Within the basins of the borrow pits, vegetation is dominated by coyote willow (Safix exigua), tamarisk, cattail (Typha lafifolia), and patches of hardstem bulrush (Scirpus acutus). Yellow sweetclover (Melilotus officinale) and knotweed (Polygonum douglasii) was also common in the disturbed areas_ Along the riparian floodplain adjacent to the Colorado River, a stand of cottonwood ranging from young to mature in age classification dominated the site. The understory of the stand was very dense with coyote willow, tamarisk, Russian olive, and small patches of cattail. Grasses in this area were dominated by saltgrass (Distichlis stride), reed canarygrass (Phelaroides arundinacee) and common reed (Phragmites autralis). 2.1 EXISTING WILDLIFE HABITAT AND USE Wildlife use patterns within the area are described based on existing habitat types, indirect evidence of use (scat, prints, etc.), and direct observation of wildlife species. Due to the time of year, summertime wildlife species using the site (mostly birds) would have been virtually impossible to visually detect. Discussions of potential impacts to wildlife and habitat follow in Section 3 below. Mule Deer Current CDOW NDIS maps delineate lowland riparian forests and adjacent upland shrubtand habitats both north and south of the project area and along the Colorado River as mule deer winter range. Areas north of the interstate, and partially within the project area are delineated as severe winter range, and areas south of the Colorado River as a winter concentration area. Based on more intensive, site specific inventories of the property, there was no difference of habitats along the severe winter range delineation line dossing the property. However, the presence of the existing gravel mining operations immediately to the east of the project area, and the busy county road would likely produce human activity levels and traffic that would preclude full deer use of the eastern end of the property. Deer use of the property during the winter months was evidenced by scat. Deer use likely begins during early winter, as snows begin to accumulate in pinyon -juniper (Pinus edulis and Juniperus osteosperma, respectively) habitats. Deer would likely begin to move out of the project area in the early spring, as snowmett on southfac Ing slopes facilitates an eater green -up of potential browse species. The number or amount of deer utilizing the property could not be determined solely based on scat and tracks observed. In discussions with CDOW Area Biologist John Broderick, gas development of the little Alkali Creek area and Samson Mesa area has pushed wintering deer into riparian forests areas along the 101141 ROCKY MOUNTAIN ECOLOGICAI. SERIICFS, INc. jt7Z Glave! Pili _. _. _ .. Wild4'i Asstumsnl Resort .Avert 2007 Colorado River. Therefore increased deer use of the RTZ property and surrounding habitats may be a recent phenomenon, which would likely continue for the next few years while the natural gas resources in the area are being developed. After gas pads are established, and drilling activities diminish, mule deer may once again utilize habitats along these mesas. However, with the direct loss of habitat to roads, well pads, and other associated infrastructure, and likely foreseeable persistent human activities in the area, some continued level of mule deer use of riparian habitats for winter ranges will likely persist for some time. There was no evidence of mule deer fawning activities on the property. Elk Current CDOW NDIS maps delineate most of the river bottom habitats south of the Colorado River and south of the project area as elk winter range and elk winter concentration areas. Based on more intensive site surveys, elk use of the property was evident from significant amounts of scat. The presence of the gravel mine operations and county road 302 immediately east of the project area likely precluded significant elk use of the eastern side of the project area, as evidenced by lack of scat. In discussions with CDOW Area Biologist John Broderick, gas development of the LittleAikak Creek area, and Samson Mesa area has pushed wintering elk further north across the Colorado River, onto the shrubby upland habitats on and around the RTZ property. However, on the project area, the most significant evidence of elk use was in the riparian bottomland forests adjacent to the Colorado River. Elk appear to migrate to the south after snows begirt to melt in the springtime, and move into higher elevations on Battlement Mesa Therefore increased elk use of the RTZ property and surround'mg habitats may be a recent phenomenon, which would likely continue for the next few years while the natural gas resources in the area are being developed. After gas pads are established, and drilling activities diminish, elk may once again utilize habitats along these upland mesas. However, with the direct loss of habitat to roads, we pads, and other assmiated infrastructure, and likely foreseeable persistent human activities in the area, some continued level of elk use of riparian habitats for winter ranges will likely persist for some time, and elk use of the area will be compromised. There was no evidence of elk calving activities on the property. Bald Earle After the ESA was passed in 1973, the bald eagle was listed as endangered throughout the lower 48 states except in five states, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Washington, and Oregon, where it was listed as threatened. Based on geographic location, the FWS established five recovery regions. The distribution, recovery goals, and implementation of protection for the bald eagle varied widely from region to region. A recovery team was established for each region which prepared a recovery plan describing the terns and tasks necessary to help improve the bald eagle population specific to each location. The five regions are as follows: Northern States, Chesapeake Bay, Southeast. Southwestern, and Pacific (FWS 1995b). The bald eagle was deksted from the Erdargered Species List due to meeting of recovery targets on July 8, 2007. Historically, bald eagles nested throughout North America. Population numbers greatly deaeased during the 1900s due to shooting, habitat alteration, pesticide use (Ly DDT) and other actions. Since being listed, the population has greatly increased so that there are breeding populations in the Canadian provinces, in all but two states in the United States, and in Mexico (though populations are limited), In Colorado, known nesting bald eagles have increased in numbs from only one pair to over 21 pairs in the last two decades (Gross 1998). 114 ROCKY MOUNTAIN ECowcTcAL SERVicEs, INcL RIZ tri e/ WildOzjesarmint Roca Awl 2007 The bald eagle is an uncommon -to -locally -common winter resident in western valleys, in mountain parks, and on the eastem plains of Colorado (Andrews and Righter 1994). During the winter they congregate around larger rivers, open lakes, and reservoirs, where they roost in large or small numbers on cottonwoods (Populus spp.) and conifer snags adjacent to these water bodies. In 1995, up to 1,000 wintering bald eagles were documented in the State (Gross 1998). Crippled waterfowl, carrion, and small mammals provide food. Hunting is typically conducted from a perch near water. In the summer, many bald eagles migrate north, but a few pairs remain in the State. Nesting season extends typically from February through July, when these raptors construct very large stick nests in tall deciduous or conifer trees or utilize existing nest structures. Eagles will commonly use the same nest site for multiple generations. Threats to bald eagles include management actions that result in the decrease in breeding and winter habitat quality and quantity. Disturbances within one quarter mile of nests may lead to nest abandonment and decreased survival (FWS 1995b) During the past two years, bald eagle have begun to reestablish nest sites within Garfield County, however, most eagles migrate to the north in mid to late March. Along the Colorado River, eagles perch on large cottonwood trees adjacent to or hanging above the river. Current CDOW NDIS mapping indicates that the project area lies within a larger matrix of roosting sites and winter range. Specific site visits indicate that larger, more suitable cottonwood trees suitable for roosting are not available on the property, and the property only contains two cottonwood trees of significant size suitable for roosting. Other potential cottonwood roosting snags (dead trees) on the property have recently fallen down. The proposed gravel mining pits are located away from cottonwood woodland forests, and avoid the best long-term potential habitats on the property. Yellow -billed Cuckoo Yellow -billed cuckoos are medium birds (26 to 30 cm long; 55 to 65 g) with long tails. There are two recognized subspecies of Coccyzus americanus; Coccyzus americanus americanus (the eastern version) and its western counterpart, Coccyzus americanus occidentalis. These two subspecies are differentiated by tail, wing and bill length (Hughes 1999). Yellow -billed cuckoos prefer open woodlands with clearings and a dense shrub layer. They are often found in woodlands near streams, rivers or lakes. In NorthArnerica, their preferred habitats include abandoned farmland, old fruit orchards, successional shrubland and dense thickets. In winter, yellow -billed cuckoos can be found in tropical habitats with similar structure, such as scrub forest and mangroves (Hughes 1999). Yellow -billed cuckoos primarily eat large insects including caterpillars, katydids, cicadas, grasshoppers and crickets. They also occasionally eat bird eggs, snails, small vertebrates such as frogs and lizards and some fruits and seeds. Parents feed their chicks' regurgitated insects (FWS 2006). Yellow -billed cuckoos are protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. They are considered threatened or endangered in several states, and are a candidate for protection under the ESA. Yellow -billed cuckoos are common in parts of their range, but populations have been declining in recent years throughout much of their range. This decline is most likely due to habitat loss and fragmentation. Other treats to cuckoo populations include poisoning from pesticides and other environmental contaminants and collision with towers and tall buildings during their nocturnal migration. (Hughes 1999) Yellow -billed cuckoos occur on the western slope of Colorado, mostly along the larger river systems where wide riparian systems have provided extensive cottonwood overstories with shrubby est ROCKY MOUNTAIN ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, INC 8 B,TZ.Cried k ftAstumm.1 Rpori Ages -007 understories. Most notably this occurs along the Gunnison and Colorado River systems in the vicinity of Grand Junction and Delta. The property contains potentially suitable habitat for the yellow -billed cuckoo at this time. River Otter Northern river otter (Lutra canadsnsis) inhabit riparian habitats that may occur from low elevation deserts to high valleys of Colorado. Otters require permanent water of relatively high quality with an abundance of fish and/or crustaceans (crayfish) and are usually found in streams with fairly high flows (a minimum of 10 cfs). During the winter months, otters continue to need streams with relatively high amounts of open, ice -free water, deep pools, and good access to the shoreline. Historically, and currently, otters are mostly commonly found in Colorado using lower to moderate elevation, larger rivers. Otters are also known to have colonized larger ponds, lakes, and flooded gravel pits. Fish are the primary food source for otters, particularly slow -swimming fish species. In streams where they are abundant, crustaceans can make up a significant portion of the otters diet. Most research indicates that abundant prey is needed to support otter use of an area (Mack 1985, Malvilte 1990, Melquist et al. 1981, and others). Because of the river otter's aquatic lite, many aspects of the species' behavior and ecology are not well understood. They are active year round and do not hibernate. Otters in the Upper Colorado drainage are mostly diurnal in winter and more nocturnal in summer, with the least amount of activity in late summer and early fall. River otters are social, forming family groups led by the adult female, who may exhibit territorial behavior. Yearling otters, unrelated juveniles, and occasional adult otters may join with family groups. The river otter once occurred in most of the major river drainages in Colorado, and was extirpated. Starting in 1976, Colorado started reintroduction efforts in several drainages, with an initial goal of establishing two populations (Goodman 1984). In 1598 a more intensive reintroduction program was started by CDOW. River otters are now known to utilize the Eagle and Colorado rivers, downstream of Dowds Junction, and may occur up the Roaring Fork River system. River otters use both terrestrial resting sites and dens when not actively moving. Beaver bank dens are particularly favored sites. Along the Colorado and Eagle Rivers, they accounted for most of the denning sites used (B. Andree, pers. corn. 2005). Adult otters apparently have few natural predators, although individuals have been killed by bobcats, dogs, coyotes, and foxes (Fitzgerald et al. 1994). Most mortality is thought to occur from trapping and road kills. Habitat destruction and wafer pollution have an impact as well. The Colorado River and riparian woodlands adjacent to the river provide habitat for river otter. River otter very rarely leave riparian habitats and venture into upland habitats. Colorado River Endangered Fish The four endangered fish species existing in the Colorado River are generally found below the Rifle/DeBeque area, near Grand Junction and further downstream, The US Fish and Wildlife Service lists the humpback chub (Gila cypha), bonytail chub (G elegans), Colorado pike irmow (Ptychocheilus ludas), and razorback sucker (Xyrauchen texanus) as endangered under the Endangered Species Act. Endemic to the Colorado River Basin, populations of these fishes had declined throughout their historic range due largely to habitat loss or habitat degradation (mainly through dams and water diversions) and introduction of competitive and predatory nonnative fish species. The Upper Colorado River Endangered Fish Recovery impfe erttietirn Program was P(411 Roc MOUNT JN ECOLOGICAL. SERVICES, INC. 9 __ __rl Pits Lr'rldeec rrerrmty Rtyort Arrgrtrl2007 established in 1988 with the goal of recovering these four endangered fishes in the face of current and foreseeable future water depletions from the Upper Colorado River Basin. Although the proposed project would not likely have any direct impact on these fishes, indirect effects, namely through post -mining use of ponds, could have indirect impacts on these species; therefore, they are analyzed in detail below. Razorback Sucker (Xyrauchen texanus) Species Biology & Ecology The razorback sucker (Xyrauchen texanus) was fisted as endangered by the FWS on October 23, 1991; critical habitat was designated on March 21, 1994. The razorback sucker is an endemic species unique to the Colorado River Basin. Razorback sucker were historically abundant and widely distributed within warm water reaches throughout the Colorado River Basin. The species can be identified by its large fleshy subterminal mouth and is the only sucker with an abrupt sharp -edged dorsal keel behind its head. Razorback suckers occupy a variety of habitats during their lives. In general, razorback suckers prefer calmer, flatwater reaches over higher velocity whitewater or canyon reaches (Minckley et al. 1991). Adults occupy shoreline and mainline channel habitats inckiding slow runs, shallow to deep pools, backwaters, eddies, and other slow velocity habitats associated with sand substrates (Tyus and Karp 1990; Osmundson and Kaeding 1991). During spawning, preference appears to consist of gravel and cobble substrates clear of fine materials. Historically, razorback suckers were found in the mainstem Colorado River and major tributaries in Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming and in Mexico (Mincidey 1963). Population declines can be attributed to construction of dams and reservoirs, introduction of nonnative fishes, and dewatering of the Colorado River system (FWS 1999). In the Colorado River, most razorbacks are found in the Grand Valley near Grand Junction, Colorado (FWS 1999). In 1991 and 1992, 28 adults were collected from isolated ponds ad}aceri to the Colorado River rear DeBeque, Colorado (Burdick 1992). Razorback sucker's range in the Colorado River currently extends upstream to the City of Rifle, Colorado. Most razorbacks have been documented in flooded gravel pit ponds adjacent to the river. Razorback suckers have beers dated as far upstream as river mile 183.6 and in 1988 as far as river mile 235 near Rifle, Colorado (FWS 1999; 6uificic 1992). To date, FWS has stocked 10,998 4 to 11 -inch razorback suckers in the upper Colorado River near Parachute, Colorado. Razorback suckers have been documented drifting over all three diversion structures (Burdick 2000). The Recovery Program approved plan to stock 102,100 6 -inch and 30,60012 -inch razorback suckers betamen Rifle and DeBeque Canyon, Colorado **hit the next five years (FWS 1999). The three designated areas of critical habitat encompass 1) Colorado, Mesa and Garfield Counties, 2) Colorado, Delta and Mesa Counties and 3) Utah, Grand, San Juan, Wayne, and Garfield Counties (FWS 1994). The Project Area is within a tributary watershed to designated critical habitat of the Colorado River in Colorado, Mesa and Garfield Counties, as follows: The Colorado River and its 100 -year flood plain from the Colorado River Bridge at exit 90 north off Interstate 70 in T.6&.. R.93W.. section 16 (6th PM) (Rifle exit) downstream to Westwetec Canyon in T.20S.. R.25E., section 12 (Salt Lake PM) including the Gunnison River and Its 100 year flood plain from the Redlands Diversion Dam in T.1S., R1W., section 27 (Ute Meridian) to the confluence with the Colorado River in T.1S., R.1W., section 22 (Ute Meridian). ,111481 ROCKY MOUNTAIN EcoLn(,IC,U, SERVICES, INC - 10 ilia Grum pjL4 Wild40Asys Ammon' Ramon Algot 2077 Colorado Pikeminnow (Ptichochelius lucius) Species Biology & Ecology The Colorado pikeminnow (Ptychocheitus lucius) was listed as endangered by the FWS on March 11, 1967; critical habitat was designated on March 21, 1994. The Colorado pikeminnow (formerly known as the Colorado squawfish) is an endemic species unique to the Colorado River Basin. It is the largest cyprinid fish native to North America. Spawning sites are comprised of clean -cobble substrate with deep interstitial voids (FWS 1999). The Colorado pikeminnow is believed to migrate to pool/riffle areas near the spawning sites. The fish appear to use deep pools, eddies, or mixing zones as resting areas near the spawning sites (Holden 1999). Warm water temperature, discharge, and photoperiod (on or near Spring Solstice) are possible spawning and/or spawning migration cues (Holden 1999). Adult Colorado pikeminnow have been collected from all habitat types but most frequently from low-velocity areas including runs, eddies, backwaters, and pooled canyon mouths. During spring (pre -runoff and runoff) adults tend to use backwaters, flooded mouths of washes, and other low-velocity habitats that are warmer than main channel habitats. As warm waters and flows recede, they use eddies and other low-velocity habitats associated with the main channel. During the fall and winter they continue to use lower -velocity shoreline habitats (Holden 1999). Historically, Colorado pikeminnow were distributed throughout warm water reaches of the Colorado River Basin from Wyoming to Mexico. By the 1970's, the fish was extirpated from the lower basin below Glen Canyon Dam and from portions of the upper basin. Colorado pikeminnow are currently restricted to the Upper Colorado River Basin and inhabit warm water reaches in the Colorado, Green, and San Juan Rivers and their associated tribuleries. Population declines can be attributed to construction of dams and reservoirs, introduction of nonnative fishes, dewatering of the Colorado River system and the loss of natural hydrology (FWS 1999). In the Colorado River, Colorado pikeminnow are found in low numbers with recniltment in pulses from infrequent strong year sus (Osrnundson and Burnham 1998). In the spring of 2000, sixty-five 14 to 18 -inch adult Colorado Pikeminnow were stocked in the upper Colorado River near Parachute, Colorado. These fish were fitted with radio -transmitters to monitor movements. Fish have been documented drifting over the Grand Valley Project Dam. The six designated areas of critical habitat encompass 1) Yampa River, 2) Green River, 3) White River, 4) Gunnison River, 5) Colorado River and 6) San Juan River. The Project Area is within a tributary watershed to designated critical habitat for the Colorado River in Colorado, Mesa and Garfield Counties which reads as follows: Colorado, Mesa and Garfield Counties; and Utah, Grand, San Juan, Wayne, and Garfield Counties. The Colorado River and its 100 -year flood plain from the Colorado River Bridge at exit 90 north off Interstate 70 in T. 6 S., R. 93 W., section 16 (6th Principal Meridian) (Rifle exit) downstream to North Wash, including the Dirty Devil arm of Lake Powell up to the full pool elevation, in T. 33 S., R 14 E., section 29 (Salt Lake Principal Meridian). Bonvtail Chub (Gila eiegans) Species Biology & Ecology The bonytail (Gila elegans) was classified as endangered by the FWS on April 23, 1980; critical habitat was designated on March 21, 1994. Bonytail are considered big or mainstream river species that prefer pools and eddies. It has an elongated body with a thin caudal peduncle, which g ives the bonytail its name. Bonytail are closely related to humpback chub (Gita cypha) and roundtail chub (Gila robusta). Bonytail appear to prefer pools and eddies rather than areas with more current (FWS 1990b). Bonytail in Lake Mohave appear to occupy lacustrine habitat rather than upstream riverine ROCKY MOUNTAIN ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, INC 11 Gr tti Pili WiW1ik Amon* cnl Report Ax us12007 habitat near Hoover Dam_ Cold water releases from Lake Mead are believed to limit the use of the riverine habitat (FWS 1990b). Historically, the bonytail was distributed throughout the Upper and Lower Colorado River Basin. Currently the bonytail is restricted to portions of Lake Mohave and Lake Mead and small non - reproducing populations in upper basin in Desolation and Cataract Canyons (FWS 1990b). Extensive work since 1974 to develop hatchery stock primarily from Lake Mead was conducted by the FWS. Stocking in the Upper Colorado River between Palisade and Loma, Colorado is being considered by the Recovery Program. The Project Area is adjacent to, but not within, designated critical habitat. Critical habitat was designated by the FWS in 1994 consisting of portions of the Yampa, Green and Colorado Rivers. The critical habitat area is described as: Utah, Grand County; and Colorado, Mesa County, the Colorado River from Black Rocks (river mile 137) in T.10 S., R.104 W, section 25 (6th Principal Meridian) downstream to Fish Ford in T.21 S., R.24 E., section 35 (Salt Lake Principal Meridian). Humpback Chub (Gila cvphal Species Biology & Ecology The humpback chub (Gila cypha) was classified as endangered by the FWS on March 11, 1967; critical habitat was designated on March 21, 1994. The humpback chub is a medium-sized fish (<500 mm) that is endemic to the Colorado River Basin. The humpback is closely related to the bonytail (Gila elegans) and the roundtail chub (Gila robusta). The humpback chub requires warmer water to induce spawning (>20° C). Adult humpbacks appear to prefer white -water canyons; however, its original distribution is not known. Data in Black Rocks and Westwater Canyon indicates that young utilize shallow areas (FWS 1999). The original distribution of humpback chub is unknown. Fossil records trace humpback chub to about 4000 B.C. but the species was not described until the 1940s. Until the 1950s, humpback chub was known only to occur in the Grand Canyon. Specimens were later documented from the Upper Green River, the lower Yampa, the White River, and the Colorado River near Moab, Utah. The largest populations occur in the tittle Colorado and Colorado Rivers in the Grand Canyon, and in Black Rocks and Westwater Canyon in the upper Colorado River_ Fish have also been documented in DeBeque Canyon and one fish was collected in the Gunnison River (FWS 1999). The Project Area is adjacent, but not within, designated critical habitat. Critical habitat includes a portion of the Colorado River approximately 120 river miles downstream from the project area The designation is as follows: Utah, Grand County; and Colorado, Mesa County. The Colorado River from Black Rocks in T. 10 S., R. 104 W., section 25 (5th Principal Meridian) downstream to Fish Ford in T. 31 S., R. 24 E.. section 35 (Salt Lake Principal Meridian). eta ktOcKY Mourn -AIN ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, INC 12 RZ Ginty) Pits 3 IMPACTS ASSESMENT IJ%' ___, eAswment Re Alma 2007 This section details the likely impacts of the proposed gravel mining pits on the selected wildife species listed in this report. Impacts may be from direct changes to habitat, indirect effects of human occupation, traffic, and use of heavy equipment, and cumulative effects of other surrounding activities that may have a cumulative impact on wildlife habitat and wildlife use patterns in the area. 3.1 FEDERALLY THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES The proposed gravel mining activities occur within or adjacent to Federally threatened or endangered species listed under the Endangered Species Act. Federally listed species that occur in this general area of the State include: • Canada lynx • Bald Eagle (Delisted July 8, 2007) • Southwestern Willow Flycatcher • Yellow -billed cuckoo (proposed) • Slender moonwort • • Black -footed ferret • Colorado pikeminnow • Razorback sucker • Humpback chub • Bonytail chub • Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly Of these Federally listed species, only bald eagle, yellow -billed cuckoo, and the four endangered fish species have habitats that may be within the vicinity of the property. The Colorado Division of Wildlife lists a number of species as Species of Concern, State Threatened and State Endangered. For the complete list, see: http'//wildlife.state.cc.0 sNVi1dlifeSpeciesfSpecigsOfConcer /Threatened EndangeredList/ListOfThreatenedAndE ndangeredSpecies.htm Species listed by CDOW which may have habitats within and near the project area include the Federally listed species (above), and additionally river otter. ffel KICKY MOUNTAIN ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, INC 13 RTZGrawl Flu }Vlkllfi AssesrmgnI Report Amoy( 2007 3.2 IMPACTS TO BALD EAGLE Bald eagles have been delisted by the US Fish and Wildlife Service on July 8, 2007 because the species has met recovery goals, and signs indicate that the species will continue to recover. Bald eagles are still protected by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, and the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act. The CDOW WRIS mapping (see Figure 4) indicates that the area contains bald eagle winter ranges and bald eagle roosting sites. Site survey and verification indicated that the property only contains marginal bald eagle roost sites, and the availability of suitable roosting that could be impacted by gravel mining operations on the property is extremely limited. Bald eagle use would further only be limited to winter time roosting, as no suitable nest trees are available on the property_ Bald eagle that happen to be roosting on the one tree on the property would likely be flushed by heavy equipment operation on the property, and human activities would likely preclude all but incidental bald eagle use of the property. The existing gravel mine operations and busy CR 302 next to the proposed RTZ pits further decrease the suitability of the site to any extensive bald eagle use. Gravel mining operations could potentially decrease bald eagle use of some of the mature cottonwood stands on the southern side of the Colorado River; however this is somewhat speculatory, as some eagles would be extremely sensitive to gravel mining operations and wouki abandon the area, while other bald eagles would not be visibly alarmed by operations,- and may continue to utilize the cottonwood stands undisturbed. Before bald eagle use of the site could consistently occur, the majority of the cottonwood trees on the property would have to mature to larger diameter trees with more substantial lateral brandies. Based on the average size of the existing cottonwood trees, this would not likely occur for another 20+ years. After mining has completed and flooding of the gravel pits occur, fish stocking in the ponds could potentially attract eagle use, but due to the lack of suitable roosting trees, this is unlikely. With delisting, impacts to bald eagle would not longer need consultation with US Fish and Wildlife Service, but bald eagle would still be somewhat protected by the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act, and the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. ROCKY MOUNTAIN ECOLOf;ICM SF_RVICES, INC. This is the only suitable bald eagle roosting site on the property which is adjacent to the river. 14 RTZ GraPei ik-Lr 3.2.1 FiGURE 4: BALD EAGLE HABITAT USE Atrammit Repoli Avid 2007 Rocky Mountain Ecological San/Ices, Inc. 0222 Bobcat Lane, Redstone, CO 81823 970.893.2180 eric.pettersonastarband.net Bald Eagle Habitats RTZ Industrial. Gravel Pits Garfield County, Colorado jetCKY MOUNTAIN ECOLOGICAL Sexvices, INC, Figure 4 Drawn By: Eric Patterson Date: May 2007 Scala: 1:15,479 0 0.125 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 Miles 15 1172.c/umiak 4,sessm ni Rrport ,ANgat 20o • 3.3 IMPACTS TO YELLOW BILLEDCKO CU O The property contains young to mature -aged cottonwood stands with shrubby understories. As previously discussed, these habitat conditions are suitable for yellow -billed cuckoo. The gravel mine operations, for the most part, avoid direct impacts to these habitat types. The vast majority of the proposed activities are placed north of the cottonwood woodland types, and into the upland greasewood communities. The use and noise of heavy equipment during the gravel mining operations may indirectly scare off (flush) or diminish the suitability of the habitats on the property for significant yellow -billed cuckoo use. As little is known about the behavioral responses of cuckoo to human activity and noise, the likelihood of cuckoo being precluded from using the cottonwood stands is somewhat speculatory. Some mining operations further away from suitable habitats on the property may not bother cuckoo, white operations closer to the cottonwood stands may preclude cuckoo use of those habitats. Further, there may be a differential use of habitats when comparing foraging areas and nesting areas. Cuckoo may tolerate mining activities to a level that would allow foraging use of the property, but nesting activities may be (likely be) precluded. All of these statements are somewhat speculatory based on the paucity of literature on yellow -billed cuckoo in Colorado and their habitat use patterns and reactions to nearby human/heavy equipment activities, but it is likely safe to assume that while gravel mining operations are in place, cuckoo use of the cottonwood stands during the summer months (when cuckoo are in the area) would be compromised to some degree, with the good possibility of total avoidance of the area. The degree to what activities will preclude cuckoo use is, at this time, unknown. •This potential indirect impact to cuckoo habitat will likely persist until gravel operations cease in approximately 10 years. After such time, potential cuckoo use of the cottonwood woodland habitats on the property will likely be undeterred. 3.4 IMPACTS TO COLORADO RIVER ENDANGERED FISH SPECIES The direct impacts to the four Colorado River endangered fish species would be primarily limited to transport of sediments and/or contaminants into the Colorado River. Although permitting of gravel mining operations requires submittal of a Stonnwater Management Plan, accidents can occur which deliver sediments into the Colorado River. Despite this threat, the four Colorado River fish species have evolved with high levels of sediment loading to their aquatic environments, and it is highly unlikely that the gravel mining operations would be able to produce a sediment plume thick enough, orfor a long enough duration that would produce anoxic conditions for these fish species. Sediment loading into the Colorado River can, however, deposit silt and other fine sediments on gravel beds and clean g ravelly-cobbly surfaces within the river which can decrease fish egg laying and hatching success for these fish species. All of the four endangered fish species require clean gravel beds for successful egg laying and reproduction. Normally. the Colorado Rivers high flow waters will clean and leave some gravel beds exposed for fish, but it has been determined that flows at least 12,500 cfs are required to accomplish this. Sediment plumes which occur immediately before or during egg laying can smother eggs and hatchlings, reducing reproductive success (USFWS 1999). Flooding of gravel pits post -excavation can be either a benefit and/or a detriment for the four endangered fish species. Competition and predation from non-native fish is one of the primarily reasons for population decreases and subsequent protection of these fish under the endangered etill ROCKY MOUNTAIN ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, INC. 16 RIZ GmlelPits EY�ildlifejr�rmarrt , ARthol 2Z 110 species act (Dill 1944, Osmundson and Kaeding 1989, Behnke 1980, Joseph et al. 1977, Lanigan and Berry 1979, Minckley and Deacon 1968, Meffe 1985, Propst and Bestgen 1991, Rinne 1991, and others). Data collected by Osmundson and Kaeding (1991) indicated that during low water years, nonnative minnows capable of preying on or competing with larval endangered fishes greatly increased in numbers. More than 50 nonnative fish species were intentionally introduced in the Colorado River Basin prior to 1980 for sportfishing, forage fish, biological control and ornamental purposes (Minckely 1982, Tyus et al. 1982, Carlson and Muth 1989). Nonnative fishes compete with native fishes in several ways. The capacity of a particular area to support aquatic life is limited by physical habitat conditions. Increasing the number of species in an area usually results in a smaller population of most species. The size of each species population is controlled by the ability of each life stage to compete for space and food resources and to avoid predation. Some nonnative fishes' life stages appear to have a greater ability to compete for space and food and to avoid predation in the existing altered habitat than do some native fishes' life stages. Tyus and Saunders (1996) site numerous examples of both indirect and direct evidence of predation on razorback sucker eggs and larvae by nonnative species. Nonnative fishes often are stocked in and enter rivers from off -channel impoundments. The periodic introduction of these nonnative fishes into a river allows them to bypass limitations to reproduction, growth, or survival that they might encounter in the river. Consequently, populations of nonnative fishes in the river are enhanced. Endangered and other native species in the river experience greater competition and predation as a result. Tyus and Saunders (1996) concluded that the nonnative fish impacts played a significant rote in the decline of the Colorado River endangered fishes, IDParticularly, three non-native fish can have significant negative impacts on native endangered fish species: smallmouth bass, northern Dike, and channel catfish have by far the most significant negative impacts on native Colorado River fish species. Flooding of the gravel pits may produce habitats for non-native fish species, and intentional stocking with non-native fish species may be detrimental to the four endangered fish species. CDOW requires that all water inlets and outlets have screened apertures using < % inch mesh to prevent accidental fish releases into the Colorado River. CDOW also has a required list of approved fish for stocking within the 100 year flood plain. The 100 year flood plain within this section of the Colorado River is approximately 5 feet above high water mark of the rivet If, post reclamation, the project has potential surface hydrological connection to the Colorado River within 5 feet of the 100 year water level, then only CDOW approved fish species may be stocked in the gravel pit ponds. But on the other hand, proper management of some of the ponds could improve habitat for the native fish species. Post -mining, shaping of outflows of pits that allow for high-water inundation from the Colorado River, but further allow for subsequent drainage/evaporation during the fall and winter can produce habitat conditions suitable and desirable for endangered fish use. These temporary shallow pools allow for warm water temperatures, which assists with rapid growth in young fish. The gentle outsloping of these ponds would allow for fall drainage and drying of these ponds, which would prevent these pools from being used by non-native fish. Water depletions- The project will drill two water wells on the property for needed waters for dust suppression and gravel mining operations. Further the applicant has provided duallTlIalritation ori the evaporative loss of water from subsequent flooding of gravel pits. Therefore the applicant has , prepare3d and filed a water court application in District Court, Water Division 5 for the waters needed for dust suppression and gravel mining operations, as well as for addressing minimum ROCKY MOUNTAIN ECOLOGICAL SERVI FS, INC 17 1Z. Gravel Pits �/r%dbfe Arsessrrsent R Atoll -L.2007 • stream flows and evaporative Toss. These waters needed for system augmentation are being acquired from upstream adjudicated sources. It is estimated that the water diversion and depletion for gravel production is 4.4 acre feet per year, which is to be distributed equally by month throughout the year. Of that, it is estimated that 10,000 gallons of water per day will be required for dust control during mining operations. The amount of water used per year for dust control is approximately 8.4 acre feet, which is to be distributed equally by month throughout the year. Total water diversion and depletions for gravel production and dust control are estimated to be 12.8 acre feet annually. Total annual depletions associated with the gravel mining operations and water evaporation at full build out of the gravel pits will equal 63.8 acre feet. The RTZ gravel pits will be located within 500 feet of the Colorado River in a shallow, highly porous gravel formation hydraulically connected to the Colorado River. The timing of depletions from the Colorado River from the uses of the gravel pit ponds are presumed to be instantaneous. Depletions to the Colorado River will occur during the historical call period from downstream senior water right holders on the Colorado River, including in -stream requirements for Colorado River Endangered fish species. Therefore the applicant has filed for water rights needed to augment depletions. Augmentation water will be provided from storage water sources pursuant to a contract with the West Divide Water Conservancy District as necessary to augment ort -of -priority depletions. The analysis conducted for the RTZ Gravel Pits (as compiled by Balcomb & Green LLC with the technical assistance from Zancanella & Associates) indicates that 38.8 acre feet of contract water will be provided to replace the depletions of the gravel mining operations which includes 10% attributable to transit losses associated with delivery of reservoir storage water. •As build out of the RTZ Gravel Pits will occur over several years, the applicant's augmentation obligation will correspond to development of the gravel pit wells. Because full build -out of the RTZ Gravel Pits will not occur for several years, the Applicant proposes to purchase the augmentation contract water in two phases. The Applicant has proposed to purchase 31.8 acre feet of the total estimated contract water required to augment full build out of the first gravel pit (Phase I). As gravel mining progresses and before additional contract water is needed to augment the Applicant's increased water depletions, the Applicant will purchase the remaining contract water required to augment full build out of the second gravel pit (Phase 11). Following the cessation of mining activities and after the reclamation phase, the only consumptive use of water will be caused by evaporation from the RTZ Gravel Pits. Total annual evaporative losses are estimated to be 63.8 acre feet per year. Of that amount, 34.4 acre feet wiH be out -of - priority during the historical call period from downstream senior water right holders on the Colorado River (which includes 10% for transit losses from storage reservoirs). Evaporative losses which are out of priority depletions will be augmented using contract storage water. Because of this augmentation plan, there will not be any decreases in instream flows which may have direct and/or indirect impacts to the four Colorado River Endangered fish sperms In summary, it is unlikely that the gravel mining operations would negatively affect the four endangered Colorado River fish species; however accidental spills or discharges into the Colorado River could have temporary negative effects on spawning habitats. The greatest long-term concems from the gravel pits is the intentional or accidental stocking of the remaining ponds with non-native fish species, which could escape into the Colorado River and negatively compete with the four endangered fish species for habitat requirements. Conversely, it is possible to design the pond(s) with seasonal flooding water regimes that would actually benefit the four endangered fish 'species. / RocxY MOUNTAIN ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, INC. 18 KLZ GramtlPu {ftArmond Rcpgrt Aiewt2007 3.5 IMPACT'S TO MULE DEER HABITAT Mule deer habitais on the property include both the riparian deciduous woodlands, as well as the saltbush uplands. The majority of the activities associated with the gravel mining operations occur within the upland areas, avoiding the riparian woodlands. Despite the avoidance of direct impacts to best habitat, the mining and operation of the gravel pits, along with truck traffic, heavy equipment use, and other associated activities will result in mule deer generally avoiding the area around the gravel pits while such operations are underway. Some light, incidental use of the riparian woodlands by mule deer along the Colorado River may still continue. As mule deer generally are only utilizing the area during the winter months, impacts to mule deer will therefore generally occur only during the winter months. These impacts would include avoidance of the area, possible increased mortality from increased road use, forcing of deer onto other adjacent properties, and subsequently more winter competition for resources in the greater area around the property. Combined with the cumulative impacts of area natural gas exploration and extraction and increased road traffic, wintering mule deer populrlons in the greater area will likely decrease due to loss of habitat effectiveness, and direct losses of habitats. The amount of impact to mule deer populations from this one project (the RTZ gravel pit operations) is likely an immeasurably small cumulative impact, but still likely contributes to overall negative impacts to winter range for mule deer in the greater area. During the spring, summer, and fall months, most deer are utilizing higher elevation habitats. Large riparian cottonwood woodlands along the .Colorado River do likely support some light year-round use by mule deer, but due to the limited size of the riparian woodlands on the property, any substantial deer use of these habitats would be ' unlikely during gravel mining operations. After development of the gravel pits (and subsequent flooding of pits), mule deer will likely return to using the area, however the loss of upland shrubby habitats, and conversion of upland habitats to roads and flooded pits will reduce future long-term use of the property, aside from continued use of undisturbed habitats. With potential mvegetat on of un -used areas (esPecianY if native shrub species are used that mimic native vegetation profiles), limited mule deer habitat use may return in areas on the property. Long-term use of the property is not officially planned at this time; therefore there should be no long-term continuing indirect impacts due to human uses, domestic dogs, and other mated human use of the property. In summary, the conversion of this property to a gravel mine and subsequently an area dominated by ponds and reclamation grass types will reduce effective mule deer habitats within the area. This will not necessarily cause measurable decreases in mule deer numbers in the greater area, but will likely end up having immeasurable impacts on deer survivability and end of winter weights and health when combined with other habitat akering activities and disturtancs agents within the greater area. ROCKY MOUNTAIN ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, INC 19 MULE_DEER-winter MULE_DEER-winier Rocky Mountain EcaloQtcaI Ssrvfces, iii*RIDCKY MOUNTAIN EcOLOGICAI. SERVICES, WC. • RTZ Gravel Pits t dlfftAfsassmcnf Blow Asgg rut 2007 3.6 IMPACTS TO ELK HABITAT Elk wintering on the property has likely been increasing in the last couple of years due to the extensive natural gas exploration and extraction occurring south of the area, which is occurring in historic elk winter ranges (Broderick, pers. com. 2007). This has resulted in the increased elk use of the property, as evidenced by scat as well as *elk trails' through the riparian woodland areas. The mining and operation of the gravel pits, along with truck traffic, heavy equipment use, and other associated activities will result in elk generally avoiding the area around the gravel pits while such operations are underway. Some light, incidental use of the riparian woodlands along the Colorado River may still continue. As elk are generally utilizing the area only during the winter months, impacts to elk will therefore generally occur only during the winter months. These impacts would include avoidance of the area, possible increased mortality from increased road use, forcing of elk onto other adjacent properties, and subsequently more winter competition for resources in the greater area around the property. As the property is only recently being utilized as elk winter range due to natural gas extraction operations south of the project area, elk use of these winter ranges on the property are a new phenomenon. After the majority of natural gas extraction operations have completed south of the project area, elk use of those winter ranges may resume, although habitats will be much more fragmented due to new roads, well pads, and other infrastructure impacts. Elk would then, possibly, return to using their more historic Manges and would cease to use the RTZ property. While the RTZ property is being mined, and areas natural gas fields are being developed, elk will be forced onto smaller and more fragmented habitats, and use of the RTZ property as a "refuge' would cease. General levels of natural gas extraction activities in the greater area will keep elk herds moving and will generally mean that elk must utilize smaller winter ranges, and possibly less optimal foraging areas. The amount of impact to elk populations from this one project (the RTZ gravel pit operations) is likely an immeasurably small cumulative impact, but still likely contributes to overall negative impacts to winter range for elk in the greater area. During the spring, summer, and fall months, elk are utilizing higher elevation habitats, far away from the RTZ property, but likely still within areas experiencing some level of gas extraction activities, and thus some level of habitat fragmentation. After development of the gravel pits (and subsequent flooding of pits), elk may or may not return to using the area, as this property has never really been a Tong -term winter range area where elk have shown a high degree of site fidelity. However the loss of upland shrubby habitats on the property, and conversion of upland habitats to roads and flooded pits will reduce future potential kmg-term use of the property, aside from incidental use of undisturbed habitats. Post -mining long-term use of the property is not officially planned at this time; therefore there should be no long-term continuing indirect impacts due to human uses, domestic dogs, and other associated human use of the property at this time. In summary, the conversion of this property to a gravel mine and subsequently an area dominated by ponds and reclamation grass types will reduce the existing elk use patterns within the area. This one project will not necessarily cause decreases in elk numbers in the greater area, but may end up having immeasurable impacts on elk survivability and end of winter weights and health when combined with other habitat altering activities within the greater area. ROCKY MOUNTAIN ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, INC_ 21 L.Z_ trawl Prti 3.6.1 FIGURE 4: ELK WINTER RANGE Wild4ji A,rsesiment /bout 2007 ELK-severe_winter_STATE ELK-winter_concentration`STATE ELK -winter range_STATE Rocky Mountain Ecological Services, Inc. 0222 Bobcat Lane, Redstone, CO 81623 970.9133.2190 eric.DettersonCst arba nd .net joe Iu)CKY MOUNTAIN ECOJAG:CAL SFAVICFS, INC. Elk Winter Ranges RTZ Industrial- Gravel Plts Garfield County, Colorado Figure 3 Drawn By: Enc Patterson Date: May 2007 Scale: 1:15,479 0 0.125 0.25 0.5 0,75 1 .E■ - .. Miles 22 RTZ Gravel Pits Wildlife Asses:ment Report Alison' 2007 3.7 IMPACTS TO RIVER OTTER River otter generally require medium to larger sized rivers with abundant prey species (fish), The Colorado River which runs adjacent to the property provides suitable habitats to support river otter, and it is likely that river otter occur within the greater area around the property. Because of this, there is the potential for gravel mining operations to directly or indirectly impact river otter and their habitats. As the gravel mining operations have purposefully been set back and away from riparian and wetland habitats and operations will generally be confined to upland habitats, direct impacts to river otter are highly unlikely. River otter would have to leave the Colorado River, cross through riparian woodland habitats, and enter into what effectively will be an industrial area for impacts to occur. This is not to say that river otter would never enter into an active gravel mining operation, but the likelihood is very small. Indirect impacts of the operations that would impact river otter would likely be associated with diurnal noise and activity, which would occur during the opposite time of day that otters are generally active (nighttime). During the winter months, otters do become more active during the daylight hours, which would put them potentially more in conflict with mining activity periods. The level of noise and activity of the diurnal mining operations would likely preclude long-term or significant otter use of the riparian areas on the property for bank denning and/or pup rearing. As permitted, the mining operations should have no impacts to otter prey base and habitats through following guidance of a Stormwater Management Plan (SWMP) as permitted by Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. Following guidance outlined in these permits should preclude the most significant potential negative impacts to water quality from the proposed Alk operations. RTZ has implemented a water depletion augmentation plan which would result in no net decreases to instmam flows in the mainstem of the Colorado River_ The most significant potential threat to river otter would be from the stocking of the subsequent ponds with non-native or un -approved fish species. Introductions (even accidental) of non-native fish have proven to be detrimental to the ecology of indigenous fish species of the Colorado River. While many fish species would be suitable prey for river otter, management direction has been to provide native fish and historic fish stocking ratios in order to provide long-term system stability for river otter repopulation success. CDOW requires that all water inlets and outlets have screened apertures using < % inch mesh to prevent accidental fish releases into the Colorado River. CDOW also has a required list of approved fish for stocking within the 100 year flood plain. The 100 year flood plain within this section of the Colorado River is approximately 5 feet above high water mark of the river. If, post reclamation, the project has potential surface hydrological connection to the Colorado River within the 5 foot 100 year water level, then only CDOW approved fish species may be stocked in the gravel pit ponds. In summary, the proposed gravel pit operations should have no direct impacts on river otter. There is the slight chance that river otter could wander into mining areas, but this is extremely unlikely. Following best management practices should protect otter habitat from most accidental discharges of sediment into the Colorado River. Stocking of ponds, should be with native Colorado fish species, or with fish species known to not compete with indigenous fish species of the Colorado River, in order to keep healthy native fish populations (prey) available for river otter use. RRc MourrrniN EcoLocicu. SERVICES, INC. 23 • • RTZ Gravel Pits riAtiArrarrmerrt depart About 2007 4 IMPACT MINIMIZATION RECOMMENDATIONS The following sections present recommendations for consideration to minimize the potential impacts to wildlife from the proposed mining operations. Many of these recommendations are considered to be "best management practices" to consider for wildlife, which would allow for continued wildlife use of areas within the development. 4.1 LIGHTING & GAME USE Because the area will likely receive use by mule deer and elk during the night, nighttime lighting of the property outside of the mining areas and excessive lighting of roads (beyond what is required for safe driving conditions) is not recommended in order to allow big game use of the area. Further, lighting of existing winter range beyond the mining areas is strongly discouraged (for instance; from bright flood -lights illuminating cottonwood woodlands or shrubby uplands). 4.2 ROADS Along the existing and new roads that would occur in this area, the following requirements should be followed: o Fences along the roads should be minimized aside for security reasons. Old, non-functional fences should be removed to facilitate wildlife movement. o Large or extensive retaining walls (defined as slopes greater than 700) should be minimized, or if needed, retaining walls longer than 80' in length should have "steps" or other features lo allow wildlife to cross the area if engineering allows such features. 4.3 FENCES In order to continue the effective use of the area by big game animals, fencing that would inhibit big game movement is strongly discouraged. Additionally, existing fencing that is not necessary for operations should be removed as soon as possible. Fences to delineate the property should comply with the following specifications: o Fences should consist of two rails, with the upper rail 44 inches above the ground, and the top of the bottom rail 24 inches above the ground. This will allow adult animals to easily jump over fences, even in deep snow, and will allow calves and fawns to crawl under or pass through the rails. a For barbed wire fences, middle wires can be smooth woven wire. The bottom wire should be at least 16' off the ground, 20" would be better, but this may be too high to keep cattle calves from crawling under the fence. o Buck and rail fences are practically impossible for big game species to cross, therefore buck and rail fences are strongly discouraged. o Prior to construction, snow fencing or silt fencing should be erected at the edge of the construction areas to contain disturbance to native vegetation by indirect construction activities (i.e. trampling of vegetation by equipment, etc.). o If wildlife hazards exist on the property during operations (i.e. deer or elk are in harms way on the property during operations), then fences may be erected to keep wildlife out of industrial areas. ROCKYMOuNI JNEC0WGICALSERV3CES,INC 24 RIZ Gmasl Pisr iri fc Asta,unrens &port Aa�xrt 2Do7 4.4 LANDSCAPING AND REVEGETATION As the area is used as winter range (and critical winter range), reclamation of road cuts, infrastructure routes and open spaces will need to occur using similar native plant species and vegetation profiles. Revegetation should also occur as soon as possible, however planting in the spring after big game have left the area would be best as newly planted materials would likely be browsed first, and plants with little time to set roots wil likely be pulled up by grazing big game. Noxious weeds should be treated bi-annually in order to minimize their spread and impact on winter range and increase the success of revegetation activities. Revegetation along roadsides should not include trees and tall shrubs within 10 feet of the road to improve visual detection of wildlife along roadsides and to minimize road kill. Local native grasses, forbs and low shrubs may be planted along roadsides to keep wildlife habitat conditions as viable as possible. 4.5 DOMESTIC DOGS Dogs can have a significant impact on wildlife and the ability for wildlife to effectively use otherwise available habitats. Dogs can chase and kill wildlife, or so exhaust and injure wildlife that wildlife dies later. Larger mammals such as deer and elk are especially vulnerable during the winter/early spring, when their energy reserves are depleted, food resources are most limited, andmost of the adult females are pregnant. Young wildlife are also vulnerable to attack and harassment by dogs. Even if not chased by dogs, wildlife tends to avoid areas where dogs are kept outside, which has the effect of creating a barrier to wildlife movement and reducing the available habitat Domestic dogs, unless they are seeing -eye dogs or assistance dogs for the disabled, should be prohibited and never •be allowed to run free. To minimize the impacts of dogs on wildlife, the following recommendations are presented: o Dogs should not be allowed to run free on the property during the winter months (November 15 through March 1), unless under leash control. o Loose dogs should be prohibited. This includes dogs owned by contractors, subcontractors, delivery personnel, home owners and their guests. Loose or uncontrolled dogs can have a significant impact to big game through direct and indirect mortality, increased stress. and displacement from preferted ranges. In the past, COOW has had numerous reports of dogs brought to construction sites by workers which chase and harass wildlife. Stray or loose dogs may be controlled by CDOW or Garfield County, which could induce destruction of dogs chasing wildlife, as permitted by Colorado law. Under Colorado law, persons who are not in compliance with this dog policy will be responsible for any and all costs the CDOW or Garfield County may Incur due to control of loose dogs on the property. If operators knowingly permit illegal dog activity on the property, those persons will be financially responsible for costs of controlling dogs. CDOW and County represenkitives may be granted access to the property to errforoe any of the dog restrictions and other wildlife restrictions set within these recommendations. CDOW enforcement may include the capture or destruction of any dogs running at large on the property, regardless of where the dogs may have originated. Pill ROCK'? MOUNTAIN ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, INC. 25 RTS Gravel Pjs Waifs Alrarrmarxt Raport RacKy MOUNTAIN ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, INC. RTZ Gravel kits �ildlifa A.rsQssrxrttl Report ergs 2007 95 LITERATURE CITED & GENERAL REFERENCES Andrews, R. and R. Righter. 1994. Colorado birds, a reference to their distribution and habitat. Denver Museum of Natural History. 442 pp. Broderick, J. 2007. Personal communication. Glenwood Springs Area Wildlife Biologist, Colorado Division of Wildlife. Glenwood Springs, Colorado. Burdick, B.D. 1992. A plan to evaluate stocking to augment or restore razorback suckers in the Upper Colorado River. US Fish and Wildlife Report, Grand Junction, Colorado. Colorado Natural Heritage Program. 2005. Element Occurrence Records System. Ft. Collins, CO. Federal Register 2005. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Review of Native Species That Are Candidates or Proposed for Listing as Endangered or Threatened; Annual Notice of Findings on Resubmitted Petitions; Annual Description of Progress on Listing Actions; Proposed Rule. FR 70(90) 24870-24934. http://www.fws.gov/endangeredlcandidates/2005. CNOR%2011 May05%20FR. pdf Finch, D.M. 1992. Threatened, Endangered, and Vulnerable Species of Terrestrial Vertebrates in the Rocky Mountain Region. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM -215. Fort Collins, Colorado. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 38p. Fitzgerald, J.P., C.A. Meaney and D.M. Armstrong. 1994. Mammals of Colorado. Denver Museum of Natural History. University Press of Colorado. P.O. Box 849, Niwot, CO 80544. lkorman, R.T,T. and L.E. Alexander. 1998. Roads and their major ecological effects. Annual Review of Ecological Systems. 29, 207-231. Holden, P.B. (Ed.). 1999. Flow recommendations for the San Juan River. San Juan River Basin Recovery Implementation Program, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Albuquerque, N.M. Hughes, J. 1999. Yellow -billed cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus). Pp. 1-28 in A. Poole, F. Gill, eds. The Birds of North America, Vol. 418. Philadelphia, PA: The Birds of North America. Martinez, A. 2007. Personnel communication June 1, 2007. Western Colorado Aquatic Biologist. Colorado Division of Wildlife, Grand Junction, Colorado, Minckley, W.L. 1973. Fishes of Arizona. Arizona Game and Fish Department, Phoenix. Minckley, W.L. 1983. Status of the razorback sucker (Xyrauchen texanus) (Abbot), in the lower Colorado River Basin, Southwest Naturalist 28(2):165-187. Minckley, W.L., P.C. Marsh, J.E. Brooks, J.E. Johnson, and B.L. Jensen. 1991. Managed toward recovery of razorback sucker (Xyrauchen texanus). In W.L. Minckley and J.E. Deacon, Eds. Battle Against Extinction. University of Arizona Press, Tucson. Osmundson, D.B. and Bumham. 1998. Status and Trends of the Endangered Colorado squawfish in the Upper Colorado River. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 127:959-972. Osmundson, D.B. and L.R. Kaeding. 1991. Flow recommendations for maintenance and enhancement of rare fish habitat in the 15 -Mile Reach during October -June. Final Report. US Fish and Wildlife Service, Grand Junction, Colorado. "psmundson, D.B., R.J. Ryel and T.E. Mourning. 1997. Growth and survival of Colorado squawfish in the upper Colorado River. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 136: 687-698. Roc MoUrrrMN ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, INC. 27 EXHIBIT I SOILS INFORMATION See the soils report attached to this exhibit. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 I-1 Hydrologic S.II Group -Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (RTZ IndusIrial Site) 0 350 700 1,400 748800 Meters 7.100 0 L:S(M Nalural Resources Conservalion Service 1.500 3.000 6,C00 Web Soil Survey 2.0 National Cooperative Soil Survey Feel 000 2/28/2008 Rego 1 of 5 Hydrologic Scit Group -Rile Area, Colorado. Pacts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (RTZ industrial Site) Area of Interest (AOI) U soils MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION Area of Interest (AOl) Sol Map Units Soil Ratings Rs. A eat AID B BID C Cr0 0 Not rated or notevaaabte Political Features Municipalities ts Cities Urban Areas Water Features Oceans �.. Streams and Canals Transportation . Rais Roads ry Interstate Highways US Routes Siete Highways Loral Roads Other Roads Original soil survey map sheets were prepared al publication scale. Viewing scale and printing scale, however, may vary from the original. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for proper map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service VVeb Soil Survey URL.: http:Awebsoidsurvey nres.usda.gov Coardinate System: UTM Zane 12N This product is generated from the USDA -MRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 4, Feb 1, 2008 Dale(s) aerial images were photographed: 9/2111993 The orthopholo or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitleed probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result. some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey 2.0 National Cooperative Soil Survey 228/2008 Page 2 of 5 Hydrologic Soil Group --Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts ofGarieid and Mesa Counties RTZ Industrial Site Hydrologic Soil Group ' : Hydrologic Soil Group: Summary by. Map Urrit - Ride Areal Colorado,. Parts of Garfield. and Mesa Countl®s :.:.... . Mapunit symbol`:'_:;:: •. '' Map unit name .':- ': .•''; Rating '..:. :. AcreaInAO1 -:' ':::-•` Reliant ot_AOI`'; '. 3 Arvada loam, 1 to D percent slopes 225,4 14.3% 4 Arvada foam, 6 to 20 ID percent slopes 320.0 20.2% 47 Nlhiltchannery loam, 8 to B 25 percent slopes 8.5 0.6% 62 Rock outcrop- Torriorihents complex, very steep D 315.8 20,0% 65 TorrItIuver s, nearly level 0 0.1 0.6% 66 Torrlorihents- Camborthids-Rack outcrop complex, steep D 840.4 40.5% • 72 Warn sandy taarn,1 to 3 percent slopes B 47.7 3.0% 73 Water 13.8 0.9% Totals for Area of Interes (A01) 1 1.580,7 100.045 Natural Resources Web Soil Survey 2.0 2/28/2008 Conservation Service National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 3 of 5 Hydrologic SoII Group—Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa RTZ Industrial Site Counties Description Hydrologic soil groups are based on estimates of runoff potential. Soils are assigned to one of four groups according to the rate of water infiltration when the soils are not protected by vegetation, are thoroughly wet, and receive precipitation from long -duration storms. The soils in the United Slates are assigned to four groups (A, B, C, and D) and three dual classes (A/D, BID, and C/D). The groups are defined as follows: Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low runoff potential) when thoroughly wet. These consist mainly of deep, well drained to excessively drained sands or gravelly sands, These soils have a high rate of water transmission, Group B. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of moderately deep or deep, moderntelywell drained or well drained soils that have moderately fine texture to moderately coarse texture. These soils have a moderate rate of water transmission, Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of soils having a layer that impedes the downward movement of water or soils of moderately fine texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of water transmission, Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when thoroughly wet, These consist chiefly of days that have a high shrink -swell potential, soils that have a high water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer at or near the surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material. These soils have a very slow rate of water transmission. if a soil is assigned to a dual hydrologic group (ND, B/D, or CIO), the first letter is for drained areas and the second is for undrained areas. Only the soils that in their natural condition are in group D are assigned to dual classes. Rating Options Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition USDA Natural Resources web Soli Survey 2,0 2/28/2008 Conservation Service National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 4 0 5 Aggregation is the process by which a set of component attribute values is reduced to a single value That represents the map unit as a whole, A map unit is typically composed of one or more "components". A component Is either some type of soil or some nonsoil entity, e.g., rock outcrop. For the attribute being aggregated, the first step of the aggregation process is to derive one attribute value for each of a reap unit's components. From this set of component attributes, the next step of the aggregation process derives a single value that represents the map unit as a whole. Once a single value for each map unit is derived, a thematic map for soil map units can be rendered. Aggregation must be done because, on any soil map, map units are delineated but components are not. For each of a map unit's components, a corresponding percent composition is recorded. A percent composition of 60 indicates that the corresponding component typically makes up approximately 60% of the map unit. Percent composition is a critical factor in some, but not all, aggregation methods. The aggregation method "Dominant Condition" first groups like attribute values for the components in a map unit. For each group, percent composition is set to the sum of the percent composition of all components participating in that group. These _ groups now represent "conditions" rather than components. The attribute value associated with the group with the highest cumulative percent composition is returned. If more than one group shares the highest cumulative percent composition, the corresponding "tie-break" rule determines which value should be returned. The "tie-break" rule indicates whether the lower or higher group value should be returned in the case of a percent composition tie. The result returned by this aggregation method represents the dominant condition throughout the map unit only when no tie has occurred. Components whose percent composition is below the cutoff value will not be considered. if no cutoff value is specified, all components in the database will be considered, The data for some contrasting soils of minor extent may not be in the database, and therefore are not considered. Tie-break Rufe: Lower The tie-break rule indicates which value should be selected from a set of multiple candidate values, or which value should be selected in the event of a percent composition tie. EXHIBIT I SOILS INFORMATION See the soils report attached to this exhibit. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 I-1 USDA United States Department of Agr culture \RCS Natural Resources Conservation Service A product of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, a joint effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local participants Custom Soil Resource Report for Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties July 20, 2016 Preface Soil surveys contain information that affects land use planning in survey areas. They highlight soil limitations that affect various land uses and provide information about the properties of the soils in the survey areas. Soil surveys are designed for many different users, including farmers, ranchers, foresters, agronomists, urban planners, community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers. Also, conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, waste disposal, and pollution control can use the surveys to help them understand, protect, or enhance the environment. Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose special restrictions on land use or land treatment. Soil surveys identify soil properties that are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions. The information is intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of soil limitations on various land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations. Although soil survey information can be used for general farm, local, and wider area planning, onsite investigation is needed to supplement this information in some cases. Examples include soil quality assessments (http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/ nrcs/main/soils/health/) and certain conservation and engineering applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center (http:// offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app?agency=nres) or your NRCS State Soil Scientist (http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/soils/contactus/? cid=nres142p2_053951). Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as a foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to basements or underground installations. The National Cooperative Soil Survey is a joint effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) has leadership for the Federal part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey. Information about soils is updated periodically. Updated information is available through the NRCS Web Soil Survey, the site for official soil survey information. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means 2 for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. 3 Contents Preface 2 How Soil Surveys Are Made 5 Soil Map 7 Soil Map 8 Legend 9 Map Unit Legend 10 Map Unit Descriptions 10 Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties 12 3—Arvada loam, 1 to 6 percent slopes 12 4—Arvada loam, 6 to 20 percent slopes 13 56—Potts loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes 14 59—Potts-Ildefonso complex, 25 to 45 percent slopes 15 62—Rock outcrop-Torriorthents complex, very steep 16 65—Torrifluvents, nearly level 18 66—Torriorthents-Camborthids-Rock outcrop complex, steep 19 72—Wann sandy loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes 21 73—Water 22 References 23 4 How Soil Surveys Are Made Soil surveys are made to provide information about the soils and miscellaneous areas in a specific area. They include a description of the soils and miscellaneous areas and their location on the landscape and tables that show soil properties and limitations affecting various uses. Soil scientists observed the steepness, length, and shape of the slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of crops and native plants; and the kinds of bedrock. They observed and described many soil profiles. A soil profile is the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil. The profile extends from the surface down into the unconsolidated material in which the soil formed or from the surface down to bedrock. The unconsolidated material is devoid of roots and other living organisms and has not been changed by other biological activity. Currently, soils are mapped according to the boundaries of major land resource areas (MLRAs). MLRAs are geographically associated land resource units that share common characteristics related to physiography, geology, climate, water resources, soils, biological resources, and land uses (USDA, 2006). Soil survey areas typically consist of parts of one or more MLRA. The soils and miscellaneous areas in a survey area occur in an orderly pattern that is related to the geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural vegetation of the area. Each kind of soil and miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind of landform or with a segment of the landform. By observing the soils and miscellaneous areas in the survey area and relating their position to specific segments of the landform, a soil scientist develops a concept, or model, of how they were formed. Thus, during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist to predict with a considerable degree of accuracy the kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a specific location on the landscape. Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge into one another as their characteristics gradually change. To construct an accurate soil map, however, soil scientists must determine the boundaries between the soils. They can observe only a limited number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations, supplemented by an understanding of the soil -vegetation -landscape relationship, are sufficient to verify predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to determine the boundaries. Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the soil profiles that they studied. They noted soil color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable them to identify soils. After describing the soils in the survey area and determining their properties, the soil scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic classes (units). Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each taxonomic class has a set of soil characteristics with precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a basis for comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic classification used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and character of soil properties and the arrangement of horizons within the profile. After the soil scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the 5 Custom Soil Resource Report individual soils with similar soils in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and research. The objective of soil mapping is not to delineate pure map unit components; the objective is to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. Each map unit is defined by a unique combination of soil components and/or miscellaneous areas in predictable proportions. Some components may be highly contrasting to the other components of the map unit. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The delineation of such landforms and landform segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas. Soil scientists make many field observations in the process of producing a soil map. The frequency of observation is dependent upon several factors, including scale of mapping, intensity of mapping, design of map units, complexity of the landscape, and experience of the soil scientist. Observations are made to test and refine the soil - landscape model and predictions and to verify the classification of the soils at specific locations. Once the soil -landscape model is refined, a significantly smaller number of measurements of individual soil properties are made and recorded. These measurements may include field measurements, such as those for color, depth to bedrock, and texture, and laboratory measurements, such as those for content of sand, silt, clay, salt, and other components. Properties of each soil typically vary from one point to another across the landscape. Observations for map unit components are aggregated to develop ranges of characteristics for the components. The aggregated values are presented. Direct measurements do not exist for every property presented for every map unit component. Values for some properties are estimated from combinations of other properties. While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area generally are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil scientists interpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the field -observed characteristics and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior of the soils under different uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested through observation of the soils in different uses and under different levels of management. Some interpretations are modified to fit local conditions, and some new interpretations are developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled from other sources, such as research information, production records, and field experience of specialists. For example, data on crop yields under defined levels of management are assembled from farm records and from field or plot experiments on the same kinds of soil. Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on such variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over long periods of time, but they are not predictable from year to year. For example, soil scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will have a high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict that a high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date. After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the survey area, they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and identified each as a specific map unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings, fields, roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries accurately. 6 Soil Map The soil map section includes the soil map for the defined area of interest, a list of soil map units on the map and extent of each map unit, and cartographic symbols displayed on the map. Also presented are various metadata about data used to produce the map, and a description of each soil map unit. 7 Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND Area of Interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI) Soils 0 Soil Map Unit Polygons ,.- Soil Map Unit Lines O Soil Map Unit Points Special Point Features Blowout 10 Borrow Pit Clay Spot • Closed Depression • Gravel Pit Gravelly Spot Landfill Lava Flow Marsh or swamp Mine or Quarry Miscellaneous Water Perennial Water Rock Outcrop ▪ Saline Spot Sandy Spot .a Severely Eroded Spot 0 oa Sinkhole Slide or Slip Sodic Spot 0 Spoil Area Stony Spot Very Stony Spot Wet Spot ▪ Other Special Line Features Water Features Streams and Canals Transportation t++ Rails r o Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads Background ® Aerial Photography MAP INFORMATION The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov Coordinate System: Web Mercator (EPSG:3857) Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator projection, which preserves direction and shape but distorts distance and area. A projection that preserves area, such as the Albers equal-area conic projection, should be used if more accurate calculations of distance or area are required. This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 9, Sep 22, 2015 Soil map units are labeled (as space allows) for map scales 1:50,000 or larger. Date(s) aerial images were photographed: Jun 22, 2010—Sep 2, 2010 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background gery displayed on these maps. Asa result, some minor shifting 9 of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Map Unit Legend Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (C0683) Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 3 Arvada loam, 1 to 6 percent slopes 220.2 27.7% 4 Arvada loam, 6 to 20 percent slopes 272.3 34.3% 56 Potts loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes 4.3 0.5% 59 Potts-Ildefonso complex, 25 to 45 percent slopes 6.6 0.8% 62 Rock outcrop-Torriorthents complex, very steep 1.2 0.1% 65 Torrifluvents, nearly level 65.9 8.3% 66 Torriorthents-Camborthids- Rock outcrop complex, steep 122.2 15.4% 72 Wann sandy loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes 57.0 7.2% 73 Water 45.3 5.7% Totals for Area of Interest 794.8 100.0% Map Unit Descriptions The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit. A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class. Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils. Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the scale used. 10 Custom Soil Resource Report Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a given area, the contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that it was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and miscellaneous areas on the landscape. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas. An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions. Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil properties and qualities. Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement. Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness, salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series. Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas. These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups. A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all areas. Alpha -Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example. An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar. Alpha - Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example. 11 Custom Soil Resource Report Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties 3—Arvada loam, 1 to 6 percent slopes Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: jnxv Elevation: 5,100 to 6,200 feet Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Map Unit Composition Arvada and similar soils: 80 percent Minor components: 5 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Arvada Setting Landform: Terraces, fans Landform position (three-dimensional): Tread Down-slope shape: Convex, linear Across -slope shape: Convex, linear Parent material: Highly saline alluvium derived from sandstone and shale Typical profile H1 - 0 to 3 inches: loam H2 - 3 to 17 inches: silty clay loam H3 - 17 to 60 inches: silty clay loam Properties and qualities Slope: 1 to 6 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Natural drainage class: Well drained Runoff class: High Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 10 percent Gypsum, maximum in profile: 2 percent Salinity, maximum in profile: Slightly saline to strongly saline (4.0 to 16.0 mmhos/ cm) Sodium adsorption ratio, maximum in profile: 30.0 Available water storage in profile: Moderate (about 8.0 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): 7s Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7s Hydrologic Soil Group: C Ecological site: Salt Flats (R048AY261C0) Minor Components Wann Percent of map unit: 5 percent Landform: Terraces 12 Custom Soil Resource Report Landform position (three-dimensional): Tread 4—Arvada loam, 6 to 20 percent slopes Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: jny6 Elevation: 5,100 to 6,200 feet Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Map Unit Composition Arvada and similar soils: 85 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Arvada Setting Landform: Terraces, fans Landform position (three-dimensional): Tread Down-slope shape: Convex, linear Across -slope shape: Convex, linear Parent material: Highly saline alluvium derived from sandstone and shale Typical profile H1 - 0 to 3 inches: loam H2 - 3 to 17 inches: silty clay loam H3 - 17 to 60 inches: silty clay loam Properties and qualities Slope: 6 to 20 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Natural drainage class: Well drained Runoff class: Very high Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 10 percent Gypsum, maximum in profile: 2 percent Salinity, maximum in profile: Slightly saline to strongly saline (4.0 to 16.0 mmhos/ cm) Sodium adsorption ratio, maximum in profile: 30.0 Available water storage in profile: Moderate (about 8.0 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): 7s Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7s Hydrologic Soil Group: C Custom Soil Resource Report 56—Potts loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: jnys Elevation: 5,000 to 7,000 feet Farmland classification: Farmland of statewide importance Map Unit Composition Potts and similar soils: 85 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Potts Setting Landform: Benches, mesas, valley sides Down-slope shape: Linear, convex Across -slope shape: Linear, convex Parent material: Alluvium derived from basalt and/or alluvium derived from sandstone and shale Typical profile H1 - 0 to 4 inches: loam H2 - 4 to 28 inches: clay loam H3 - 28 to 60 inches: loam Properties and qualities Slope: 6 to 12 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Natural drainage class: Well drained Runoff class: High Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high (0.20 to 0.60 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 15 percent Salinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water storage in profile: High (about 10.3 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): 4e Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4e Hydrologic Soil Group: C Ecological site: Rolling Loam (R048AY298C0) Custom Soil Resource Report 59—Potts-Ildefonso complex, 25 to 45 percent slopes Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: jnyw Elevation: 5,000 to 6,500 feet Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Map Unit Composition Potts and similar soils: 60 percent Ildefonso and similar soils: 30 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Potts Setting Landform: Alluvial fans, valley sides Down-slope shape: Linear, convex Across -slope shape: Linear, convex Parent material: Alluvium derived from basalt and/or alluvium derived from sandstone and shale Typical profile H1 - 0 to 4 inches: loam H2 - 4 to 28 inches: clay loam H3 - 28 to 60 inches: loam Properties and qualities Slope: 25 to 40 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Natural drainage class: Well drained Runoff class: Very high Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high (0.20 to 0.60 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 15 percent Salinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water storage in profile: High (about 10.3 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7e Hydrologic Soil Group: C Ecological site: Rolling Loam (R048AY298C0) Description of Ildefonso Setting Landform: Valley sides, alluvial fans Down-slope shape: Convex Across -slope shape: Convex 15 Custom Soil Resource Report Parent material: Alluvium derived from basalt and/or alluvium derived from sandstone and shale Typical profile H1 - 0 to 8 inches: stony loam H2 - 8 to 60 inches: very stony loam Properties and qualities Slope: 25 to 45 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Natural drainage class: Well drained Runoff class: Medium Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high (0.60 to 6.00 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 35 percent Salinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to slightly saline (0.0 to 4.0 mmhos/cm) Available water storage in profile: Low (about 5.1 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7e Hydrologic Soil Group: A 62—Rock outcrop-Torriorthents complex, very steep Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: jnz0 Elevation: 5,800 to 8,500 feet Mean annual precipitation: 10 to 15 inches Mean annual air temperature: 39 to 46 degrees F Frost -free period: 80 to 105 days Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Map Unit Composition Rock outcrop: 65 percent Torriorthents and similar soils: 30 percent Minor components: 5 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Rock Outcrop Setting Landform: Plateaus, hillslopes, escarpments Landform position (two-dimensional): Shoulder Landform position (three-dimensional): Free face Down-slope shape: Convex, concave Across -slope shape: Convex, concave Parent material: Very stony colluvium derived from calcareous shale 16 Custom Soil Resource Report Typical profile H1 - 0 to 60 inches: unweathered bedrock Properties and qualities Slope: 50 to 80 percent Depth to restrictive feature: 0 inches to paralithic bedrock Runoff class: Very high Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to moderately high (0.00 to 0.20 in/hr) Available water storage in profile: Very low (about 0.0 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 8s Description of Torriorthents Setting Landform: Plateaus, hillslopes Landform position (two-dimensional): Shoulder Landform position (three-dimensional): Free face Down-slope shape: Convex Across -slope shape: Convex Parent material: Alluvium derived from calcareous shale Typical profile H1 - 0 to 4 inches: variable H2 - 4 to 30 inches: fine sandy loam H3 - 30 to 34 inches: unweathered bedrock Properties and qualities Slope: 50 to 80 percent Depth to restrictive feature: 4 to 30 inches to lithic bedrock Natural drainage class: Well drained Runoff class: High Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 5 percent Salinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water storage in profile: Very low (about 2.4 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 8e Hydrologic Soil Group: D Minor Components Nihil) Percent of map unit: 5 percent Landform: Plateaus, hillslopes Landform position (two-dimensional): Shoulder Landform position (three-dimensional): Free face Custom Soil Resource Report 65—Torrifluvents, nearly level Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: jnz3 Elevation: 5,000 to 7,000 feet Mean annual precipitation: 12 to 15 inches Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 48 degrees F Frost -free period: 90 to 120 days Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Map Unit Composition Torrifluvents and similar soils: 85 percent Minor components: 15 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Torrifluvents Setting Landform: Flood plains, rivers, distributaries Down-slope shape: Convex, linear Across -slope shape: Convex, linear Parent material: Alluvium Typical profile H1 - 0 to 36 inches: loam H2 - 36 to 60 inches: sand Properties and qualities Slope: 0 to 6 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Natural drainage class: Moderately well drained Runoff class: Low Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high (0.60 to 2.00 in/hr) Depth to water table: About 12 to 36 inches Frequency of flooding: Occasional Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 5 percent Gypsum, maximum in profile: 1 percent Salinity, maximum in profile: Very slightly saline to moderately saline (2.0 to 8.0 mmhos/cm) Sodium adsorption ratio, maximum in profile: 2.0 Available water storage in profile: Moderate (about 7.6 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7w Hydrologic Soil Group: C Custom Soil Resource Report Minor Components Wann Percent of map unit: 10 percent Landform: Terraces Fluvaquents Percent of map unit: 5 percent Landform: Marshes 66—Torriorthents-Camborthids-Rock outcrop complex, steep Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: jnz4 Elevation: 5,000 to 8,500 feet Mean annual precipitation: 10 to 15 inches Mean annual air temperature: 39 to 46 degrees F Frost -free period: 80 to 105 days Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Map Unit Composition Torriorthents, steep, and similar soils: 45 percent Camborthids, steep, and similar soils: 20 percent Rock outcrop, steep: 15 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Torriorthents, Steep Setting Landform: Mountainsides Landform position (two-dimensional): Footslope Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank, base slope Down-slope shape: Convex Across -slope shape: Convex Parent material: Stony, basaltic alluvium derived from sandstone and shale Typical profile H1 - 0 to 4 inches: variable H2 - 4 to 30 inches: fine sandy loam H3 - 30 to 34 inches: unweathered bedrock Properties and qualities Slope: 15 to 70 percent Depth to restrictive feature: 4 to 30 inches to lithic bedrock Natural drainage class: Well drained Runoff class: High Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None 19 Custom Soil Resource Report Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 5 percent Salinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water storage in profile: Very low (about 2.4 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7e Hydrologic Soil Group: D Description of Camborthids, Steep Setting Landform: Mountainsides Landform position (two-dimensional): Footslope Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank, base slope Down-slope shape: Convex Across -slope shape: Convex Parent material: Stony, basaltic alluvium derived from sandstone and shale Typical profile H1 - 0 to 4 inches: variable H2 - 4 to 30 inches: clay loam H3 - 30 to 34 inches: unweathered bedrock Properties and qualities Slope: 15 to 65 percent Depth to restrictive feature: 15 to 60 inches to lithic bedrock Natural drainage class: Well drained Runoff class: High Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 10 percent Gypsum, maximum in profile: 2 percent Salinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water storage in profile: Low (about 4.0 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7e Hydrologic Soil Group: C Description of Rock Outcrop, Steep Setting Landform: Mountainsides Landform position (three-dimensional): Free face Down-slope shape: Convex Across -slope shape: Convex Typical profile H1 - 0 to 60 inches: unweathered bedrock Properties and qualities Slope: 15 to 70 percent Custom Soil Resource Report Depth to restrictive feature: 0 inches to paralithic bedrock Runoff class: Very high Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to moderately high (0.00 to 0.20 in/hr) Available water storage in profile: Very low (about 0.0 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 8s 72—Wann sandy loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: jnzc Elevation: 5,000 to 6,500 feet Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated and reclaimed of excess salts and sodium Map Unit Composition Wann and similar soils: 85 percent Minor components: 15 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Wann Setting Landform: Terraces, valley floors Landform position (three-dimensional): Tread Down-slope shape: Linear, convex Across -slope shape: Linear, convex Parent material: Alluvium derived from sandstone and shale Typical profile H1 - 0 to 8 inches: sandy loam H2 - 8 to 60 inches: fine sandy loam, sandy loam, coarse sandy loam H2 - 8 to 60 inches: H2 - 8 to 60 inches: Properties and qualities Slope: 1 to 3 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Natural drainage class: Poorly drained Runoff class: Very low Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): High (2.00 to 6.00 in/hr) Depth to water table: About 0 inches Frequency of flooding: Occasional Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 10 percent Salinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water storage in profile: Very high (about 26.3 inches) 21 Custom Soil Resource Report Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): 4w Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 6w Hydrologic Soil Group: A/D Ecological site: Salt Meadow (R048AY265C0) Minor Components Torrifluvents Percent of map unit: 5 percent Kim Percent of map unit: 5 percent Arvada Percent of map unit: 5 percent 73—Water Map Unit Composition Water: 100 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. 22 References American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). 2004. Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling and testing. 24th edition. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification of soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00. Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of wetlands and deep -water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FWS/OBS-79/31. Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States. Federal Register. September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States. Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric soils in the United States. National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries. Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/ detail/national/soils/?cid=nres142p2_054262 Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/ nres/detail/national/soils/?cid=nres142p2_053577 Soil Survey Staff. 2010. Keys to soil taxonomy. 11th edition. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/ portal/nres/detail/national/soils/?cid=nres142p2_053580 Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands Section. United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical Report Y-87-1. United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National forestry manual. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/soils/ home/?cid=nres142p2_053374 United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National range and pasture handbook. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/ detail/national/landuse/rangepasture/?cid=stelprdb1043084 23 Custom Soil Resource Report United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National soil survey handbook, title 430 -VI. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/ nres/detail/soils/scientists/?cid=nres142p2_054242 United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States, the Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 296. http://www.nres. usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/national/soils/? cid=nres142p2_053624 United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Land capability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210. http:// www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs142p2 052290.pdf 24 EXHIBIT J VEGETATION INFORMATION 1. Existing Vegetation Community The vegetation found on the 5 Mile Pit property is dry rangeland and scrub. Figures J-1 & J-2 shows the general vegetation present on site. The ground coverage is typically less than 50%. There are two small delineated wetlands that can be seen on Maps C-1, C-2, and F-1. These wetlands are in low areas that have access to ground water and surface water flows. None of the wetlands will be disturbed by mining activities. Figure J-1 Existing Vegetation Aerial 5 Mile Pit March 2016 J-1 5 Mile Pit Existing Vegetation Coo*le ea•th Figure J-2 Existing Vegetation — Looking southwest from Battlement Parkway south of the site entrance. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 J-2 EXHIBIT K CLIMATE INFORMATION 2. General Information Climate information for Rifle and Grand Junction area used to best approximate the climate near the 5 Mile Pit. See the attached NOAA reports and information for these areas. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 K-1 ESR1 : PSD : CO Climatology plot 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 ti le:///D:/26419° o20R-17%20Gravel°o2OPit/Permitting/DRMS° o20Pe... U.S. Department of Commerce 1 National Oceanic 8 Atmospheric Administration 1 NOAA Research Earth System Research Laboratory Physical Sciences Division Climatology for Grand Junction CO Lat=39.1N Lon=108.3W Elevation=4848 feet Number of years available from 1961 to 1990: 30 Maximum temperature 1961 to 1990: 105 F Minimum temperature 1961 to 1990 -23 F Mean Annual Precipitation: 8.7 inches Mean Annual Snowfall 24.1 inches t2D tU s i10 C 100 L t70'* vMrT Al."' i. irp V� iA " .AIIVIY#"a... u 40 30 � VI ✓ 20 p, 16 u 0 10Stfi F B NM APR Y .UN JUL AUC SEP OCT NOV Daily mean maximum temperature and extremes: Grond Junction CO Day Daily meon minimum temperature and extremes: Grand Junction CO .0 90 t BD C 70 tU 60 t 30 tilt ''�r,., O 40 Ill D1,_ Ii Vu n▪ (' d -20 3 35 3 t3 t.5 AN Aar JUN JUl AUG SEP BCT NtN DEC Doy Daily mean precipitation and snowfall: Grund Junction CO PdP Day N06A-CIRES/Clitoote DiO9noebte Center Daily % chance precipitation wind speed and % sunshine Monthly anomalies 1961-1990 Monthly means 1961-1990 U.S. Department of Commerce 1 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research Laboratory 1 Physical Sciences Division Current page http /Avww cdc noaa gov t i-buvtJSchmata.t y pl PnvaCy Policy 1 Accessibility 1 Disclaimer Contact the Webmaster (webmaster psd@noaa gov) 6/20/2007 4:58 PM ESRI.: PSI) : CC) Daily percent chance precip, ind, sun 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 file./ I):/26419%20817."e20GraveIND20Pit/Periiittin DRMS°o20Pe.._ U.S. Department of Commerce 1 National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration 1 NOAA Research I°" Earth System Research Laboratory Physical Sciences Division Grand Junction CO chance precip, wind speed and sunshine Lat=39.1 N Lon=108.3W Elevation=4848 feet Number of years available from 1961 to 1990: 30 Annual average chance of precipitation: 19.8%% Annual average wind speed: 8.1 mph Annual average percent of available sun: 70.4% Doily Chance of Precipitation Grand Junction CO 100 90 90 7D u 50 V e.0 Q' 30 20 I0 IIAN 01\k,,i4ittiOlikko; B NAA MR YAY N J1. AUG SEP OCT NOV Month Average wind speed (over 7 years) 13 1Z 0 111 11 10 +I ork I� 1t rr {it- 1 ,I01 ; N 1111 191 4 .19N FEB NAR APR YAY JUN JIA A110 SEP [kr NOV DEC Month Percent of possible sun (over 7 years) 00 90 M ij 0' 0 D 0 JAN F Ee NAA APR MAT . N JIA. AUG SEP OCI NPI DEC Month NOM-CORES/C6mate Dioanu0Nce Center U S Department of Commerce 1 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research Laboialory 1 Physical Sciences Division Curren) page htfp /Avww rx7c.noaa gov/tgrbm/USchmate/c1ty pl Pnvacy Policy 1 Accessibility I Drsdatmer Contact the Webmaster (webmaster psd@noea gov) 6/20/2007 4:58 PM ow ow no I ow um u Notes a. The monthly means are simple arithmetic averages computed by summing the monthly values for the period 1971-2000 and dividing by thirty. Prior to averaging, the data are adjusted if necessary to compensate for data quality issues, station moves or changes in station reporting practices. Missing months are replaced by estimates based on neighboring stations. b. The median is defined as the middle value in an ordered set of values. The median is being provided for the snow and precipitation elements because the mean can be a misleading value for precipitation normals. c. Only observed validated values were used to select the extreme daily values. d. Extreme monthly temperature/precipitation means were selected from the monthly normals data. Monthly snow extremes were calculated from daily values quality controlled to be consistent with the Snow Climatology. e. Degree Days were derived using the same techniques as the 1971-2000 normals. Compete documentation for the 1971-2000 Normals is available on the internet from: www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/normals/usnormals.html f. Mean "number of days statistics" for temperature and precipitation were calculated from a serially complete daily data set . Documentation of the serially complete data set is available from the link below: g. Snowfall and snow depth statistics were derived from the Snow Climatology. Documentation for the Snow Climatology project is available from the link under references. Data Sources for Tables Several different data sources were used to create the CIim20 climate summaries. In some cases the daily extremes appear inconsistent with the monthly extremes and or the mean number of days statistics. For example, a high daily extreme value may not be reflected in the highest monthly value or the mean number of days threshold that is less than and equal to the extreme value. Some of these difference are caused by different periods of record. Daily extremes are derived from the station's entire period of record while the serial data and normals data were are for the 1971-2000 period. Therefore extremes observed before 1971 would not be included in the 1971-2000 normals or the 1971-2000 serial daily data set. Inconsistencies can also occur when monthly values are adjusted to reflect the current observing conditions or were replaced during the 1971-2000 Monthly Normals processing and are not reconciled with the Summary of the Day data. a. Temperature/ Precipitation Tables 1. 1971-2000 Monthly Normals 2. Cooperative Summary of the Day 3. National Weather Service station records 4. 1971-2000 serially complete daily data c. Snow Tables 1. Snow Climatology 2. Cooperative Summary of the Day d. Freeze Data Table 1971-2000 serially complete daily data b. Degree Day Table 1. Monthly and Annual Heating and Cooling Degree Days Normals to Selected Bases derived from 1971-2000 Monthly Normals 2. Daily Normal Growing Degree Units to Selected Base Temperatures derived from 1971-2000 serially complete daily data References U.S. Climate Normals 1971-2000, www.ncdc.noaa.gov/normals.htmj U.S. Climate Normals 1971 -2000 -Products Clim20 www.ncdc.noaa.Qov/oalclimate/normals/usnormalsprods.html Snow Climatology Project Description www.ncdc.noaa.aov/oa/climate/monitoring)snowclim/mainoage.html Eischeid, J. K., P. Pasteris, H. F. Diaz, M. Plantico, and N. Lott, 2000: Creating a serially complete, national daily time series of temperature and precipitation for the Western United States. J. Appl. Meteorol., 39, 1580-1591, wwwl.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/special/ serialcompletejam_0900.pdf _ I!y'ctt�Com_ _ Natio' ;eanic & Atmospheric Administration National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service Station: RIFLE, CO Climate Division: CO 2 OMI IMCliMilogRhy — m O of the United States No. 20 1971-2000 NWS Call Sign: _a1 C1M111"•\ Federal Building 151 Patton Avenue Asheville, North Carolina 28801 www.ncdc.noaa.gov COOP ID: 057031 Elevation: 5,450 Feet Lat: 39°32N Lon: 107°48W Base 0 0 I 0 I 0 I 28 I 175 346 I 299 I 86 Degree Days to Selected Base Temperatures (°F) 0 0 0 I 0 Cooling Degree Days (1) 935 Base Base I Growing Degree Units for Corn (Monthly) Heating Degree Days (1) Above Jan I Feb Mar I Apr I Below Jan I Feb Mar I Apr I May I Jun I Jul , Aug I Sep Oct I Nov 265 Dec 448 Ann 737 65 1287 I 959 783 I 544 I 292 I 81 I 10 I 19 I 162 486 1 874 I 1223 I 6720 303 I 60 1132 I 819 628 I 397 I 165 I 26 I 1 I 2 I 73 335 I I 724 I 1068 I 5370 I I 57 1039 13 735 535 I 314 I 105 I 10 I 0 I 0 I 39 251 174 I 634 I 975 I 4637 I 55 977 I 679 474 I 261 I 74 1 5 I 0 I 0 I 24 199 I 574 I 913 I 4180 I 50 822 I 543 329 I 151 I 24 I 0 I 0 I 0 I 4 95 7 I 426 1 758 I 3152 I 32 335 150 24 I 2 I 0 I 0 I 0 I 0 I 0 0 I 52 259 822 Base 0 0 I 0 I 0 I 28 I 175 346 I 299 I 86 1 0 0 0 I 0 Cooling Degree Days (1) 935 935 Base I Growing Degree Units for Corn (Monthly) Above Jan I Feb Mar I Apr I May I Jun Jul I Aug I Sep Oct I Nov I Dec Ann 32 71 I 115 265 I 448 I 737 I 988 1209 I 1165 I 863 538 I 167 59 6625 55 0 I 0 1 I 18 I 98 I 303 496 I 452 I 196 24 I 0 0 1588 57 0 I 0 0 10 I 68 I 248 434 I 390 ( 152 13 0 0 1315 60 0 I 0 0 I 4 I 34 I 174 341 I 299 I 96 4 0 0 I 952 65 0 I 0 0 I 0 I 7 I 79 195 I 161 I 34 0 I 0 0 476 70 0 I 0 0 I 0 I 0 I 24 82 I 61 I 7 0 1 0 I 0 174 Growing Degree Units (2) Base I 1 40 1 0 45 I 0 50 I 0 Growing Degree Units (Monthly) Growing Degree Units (Accumulated Monthly) Jan Feb I Mar 12 1 90 Apr May I Jun 249 499 1 751 Jul I Aug I Sep 966 1 918 1 628 2 I 28 0 3 134 350 I 601 53 I 211 I 453 811 I 763 I 478 656 I 608 I 333 Oct 309 180 79 Nov 43 10 Dec Jan I Feb Mar Apr I May I Jun 0 0 0 0 0 0 I 12 102 351 850 01 0 164 514 1115 3 I 56 I 267 I 720 Jul 2567 1926 1376 55 14 I 101 I 308 501 I 453 I 198 18 14 I 115 423 924 Aug 3485 2689 1984 1377 Sep Oct 4113 4422 3167 2317 1575 3347 2396 1593 Nov 4465 3357 2396 1593 Dec 4465 3357 2396 1593 60 0 0 I 0 I 0 I 28 I 175 346 I 299 I 86 1 0 0 0 I 0 0 I 0 I 28 I 203 1 549 848 934 935 935 935 Base I Growing Degree Units for Corn (Monthly) Growing Degree Units for Corn (Accumulated Monthly) 150/86 1 0 I 28 1 117 I 222 I 365 I 496 I 604 I 580 I 438 I 286 70 5 0 28 145 367 732 1228 1832 2412 (1) Derived from the 1971-2000 Monthly Normals (2) Derived from 1971-2000 serially complete daily data Note: For corn, temperatures below 50 are set to 50, and temperatures above 86 are set to 86 084-E 2850 13136 3206 3211 Complete documentation available from: www.nc dc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/normals/usnormals.html Mt. De rce National Ocean“..4 Atmospheric Administration National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service INN Station: RIFLE, CO Climate Division: CO 2 NWS Call Sign: ernatc ph- of the United States No. 20 1971-2000 Elevation: 5,450 Feet MO 111. '.��Tmatic Data) Center Feder._ _.,uilding 151 Patton Avenue Asheville, North Carolina 28801 www.ncdc.noaa.gov COOP ID: 057031 Lat: 39°32N Lon: 107°48W Freeze Data Spring Freeze Dates (Month/Day) Temp (F) Probability of later date in spring (thru Jul 31) than indicated(*) 36 32 28 .10 6/24 6/13 5/25 .20 6/19 6/07 5/20 .30 6/15 6/02 5/15 .40 6/12 5/29 5/12 .50 6/09 5/25 5/08 .60 .70 .80 6/05 5/22 5/05 6/02 5/29 5/18 5/13 5/01 4/27 24 5/07 5/01 4/27 4/23 4/20 4/16 4/13 4/08 20 4/25 1 4/19 1 4/15 4/11 1 4/08 1 4/04 3/31 3/27 16 4/11 4/04 3/30 3/25 3/21 3/17 3/12 3/07 .90 5/24 5/07 4/21 4/02 3/21 2/28 Fall Freeze Dates (Month/Day) Temp (F) Probability of earlier date in fall (beginning Aug 1) than indicated(*) .10 .20 1 .30 1 .40 1 .50 1 .60 .70 .80 .90 36 I 8/31 I 9/05 9/09 I 9/12 9/15 9/18 9/21 I 9/25 9/30 32 I 9/12 9/16 9/19 I 9/22 9/24 9/26 9/29 I 10/02 10/06 28 9/20 9/25 9/28 I 10/01 10/03 10/06 10/09 I 10/12 10/17 24 ` 9/28 I 10/04 10/09 I 10/12 10/16 10/20 10/23 10/28 11/03 20 I 10/16 I 10/20 10/24 I 10/27 10/29 11/01 11/04 I 11/07 11/12 16 I 10/25 I 10/30 11/02 I 11/05 11/08 11/11 11/14 I 11/18 11/22 Freeze Free Period Temp (F) Probability of longer than indicated freeze free period (Days) .10 .20 .30 .40 .50 .60 .70 I .80 .90 36 118 111 106 102 98 94 89 I 84 77 32 I 143 136 130 125 121 117 112 I 106 99 28 I 172 163 157 152 147 143 137 I 131 123 24 I 204 195 189 184 178 173 168 162 153 20 1 227 219 213 208 204 199 195 I 189 181 16 I 257 248 242 236 231 226 221 214 205 * Probability of observing a temperature as cold, or colder, later in the spring or earlier in the fall than the indicated date. 0/00 Indicates that the probability of occurrence of threshold temperature is less than the indicated probability. Derived from 1971-2000 serially complete daily data Complete documentation available from: www.ricdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/normals/usnormals.html 084-D U.S. Depar: L of Commerce National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Services Station: RIFLE, CO Climate Division: CO 2 NWS Call Sign: I N = MI Climatog=aphy of the United States No. 20 1971-2000 N N Elevation: 5,450 Feet IMP Lat: 39°32N National Climatic L .enter Federal Building 151 Patton Avenue Asheville, North Carolina 28801 www.ncdc.noaa.gov COOP ID: 057031 Lon: 107°48W Snow (inches) Snow Totals Mean Number of Days (1) Means/Medians (1) Extremes (2) Snow Fall >= Thresholds Snow Depth >= Thresholds Month Snow Fall Mean Snow Fall Median Snow Depth P Mean Snow Depth P Median Highest Daily Snow Fall Year Day Highest Monthly Snow Fall Year Highest Daily Snow Depth Year Day Highest Monthly Mean Snow Depth Year 0.1 1.0 3.0 5.0 10.0 1 3 5 10 Jan 12.9 11.0 5 3 10.0 1974 5 36.7 1988 20 1975 8 15 1979 6.4 4.4 1.7 .8 @ 19.4 15.3 12.5 5.7 Feb 7.8 7.0 3 1 16.7 1989 4 35.6 1989 25 1979 2 16 1979 4.4 3.0 1.0 .4 @ 10.8 7.9 6.7 2.2 Mar 3.9 2.0 # # 8.0 1985 27 25.0 1985 10 1985 29 2 1979 2.4 1.4 .4 .2 .0 1.5 .6 .4 @ Apr .6 .0 # 0 3.0 1983 3 4.7 1975 1 1999 3 4+ 2000 .7 .2 @ .0 .0 .2 .0 .0 .0 May # .0 # 0 # 1979 7 4+ 1979 # 1999 10 # 1999 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 Jun # .0 0 0 # 1976 14 # 1976 0 0 0 0 0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 Jul .0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 Aug .0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 Sep .0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 Oct 1.1 .0 # 0 4.5 1972 29 5.5 1972 5 1972 31 1 1972 .5 .4 .2 .0 .0 .4 .2 .1 .0 Nov 5.0 3.0 # # 12.0 1985 9 28.0 1985 6 1975 27 1 1994 2.7 1.9 .8 .2 @ 2.2 .9 .2 .0 Dec 12.5 10.7 2 2 11.5 1972 4 38.0 1972 16 1983 28 10+ 1972 6.2 4.9 1.8 .7 .1 11.4 7.2 5.0 1.4 Ann 43.8 33.7 N/A N/A 16.71989 Feb 4 38.0 Dec 1972 25 Feb 1979 2 16 Feb 1979 23.3 16.2 5.9 2.3 .1 45.9 32.1 24.9 9.3 + Also occurred on an earlier date(s) #Denotes trace amounts @ Denotes mean number of days greater than 0 but less than .05 -9/-9.9 represents missing values Annual statistics for Mean/Median snow depths are not appropriate 084-C (1) Derived from Snow Climatology and 1971-2000 daily data (2) Derived from 1971-2000 daily data Complete documentation available from: www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/normals/usnormals.html Imo U.S. Depar.,-.it of Commerce National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service IMP Station: RIFLE, CO Climate Division: CO 2 NWS Call Sign: Climatograpi«y of the United States No. 20 1971-2000 NM I IMP MN M --, - Elevation: 5,450 Feet Lat: 39°32N National Climatic Data .er Federal Building 151 Patton Avenue Asheville, North Carolina 28801 www.ncdc.noaa.gov COOP ID: 057031 Lon: 107°48W Precipitation (inches) Means/ Medians([) Extremes Daily Precipitation Monthly/Annual Precipitation vs Probability Levels These values were determined from the incomple e gamma distribution Month Mean ed- Highest Year Day Highest year Lowest M ion I Delly(2) I I Moothly0) Moothly0) >= >= Year 0.01 0.10 >_ >= 0.50 1.00 .05 .10 .20 .30 .40 .50 .60 .70 1 .80 .90 .95 Jan .96 I .80 1.30 1978 27 2.50 I 1980 .13 1994 8.3 3.7 .2 @ .17 .25 .39 .52 I .66 I .80 .97 1.17 1.44 1.87 I 2.29 Feb .90 I .85 1.05 1996 21 2.45 I 1996 .05 1972 7.2 3.1 .3 @ .13 .21 .34 .47 1 59 1 .74 I .90 1.10 1.37 1.81 2.23 Mar 1 1.06 .95 1 .92 1 1912 1 20 3.04 I 1985 .16 1972 8.8 3.9 .2 .0 .20 .29 .44 .59 I .73 I .89 1.07 1.29 1.58 2.04 2.48 Apr 1.11 .89 1.10 , 1934 3 3.29 11999 .08 1982 8.1 4.0 .4 @ .22 .32 .48 .63 .78 I .95 1.13 1.36 1.65 2.13 2.58 May 1.18 1.07 1.41 1916 20 3.22 1979 .00 1974 7.7 3.8 .4 .1 .14 .28 .48 .65 .82 I 1.00 1.21 1.45 1.77 2.29 2.78 Jun i .87 .66 1 1.98 1 1984 1 7 3.71 1984 .00 1971 2.7 .3 .1 .07 .16 .30 .43 .56 I .71 .87 1.07 1.35 1.79 2.21 Jul 1.04 .85 1 1.40 1 1989 1 29 2.63 1989 .02 1994 7.0 3.6 .4 @ .13 .21 .36 .50 .66 I .83 1.02 1.27 1.60 2.15 2.68 Aug 1.03 .90 1 2.15 1 1930 9 2.60 1984 .10 1975 7.3 3.2 .3 .1 .24 .34 .49 Sep 1.21 1.20 1 1.76 1 1988 12 3.30 1986 .07 1979 7.4 4.2 .4 .1 .17 .27 .44 .62 .76 I .90 1.06 .61 .79 I .98 1.20 1.25 1.50 1.90 2.28 1.48 1.85 2.46 3.05 Oct 1.31 1.10 1 1.36 I 1914 4 3.44 1972 .14 1988 7.2 4.4 .5 .1 .24 .35 .54 .72 .90 I 1.10 1.32 1.59 1.95 2.53 3.08 Nov Dec 1.02 .89 1.21 1.06 .89 1.42 1919 26 3.59 1985 .00 1976 7.3 3.6 .1 @ .18 .32 .49 1966 6 3.25 1978 .02 1976 3.7 .3 .0 .12 .19 .34 .63 .76 I .90 1.06 .49 .65 I .82 1.03 1.25 1.49 1.87 2.22 1.29 1.64 2.22 2.79 Ann 12.75 12.17 2.15 Aug 1930 9 Jun 3.71 1984 .00+ Nov 89.7 43.9 1976 3.8 .5 8.08 8.94 10.07 10.94 11.721 12.49 13.28 14.17 15.27 16.87 18.27 + Also occurred on an earlier date(s) # Denotes amounts of a trace @ Denotes mean number of days greater than 0 but less than .05 ** Statistics not computed because less than six years out of thirty had measurable precipitation 084-B (1) From the 1971-2000 Monthly Normals (2) Derived from station's available digital record: 1910-2001 (3) Derived from 1971-2000 serially complete daily data Complete •documentation available from: www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/normals/usnormals.html Precipitation Probabilities (1) Precipitation Totals Mean Number Probability that the monthly/annual precipitation will be equal to or less than the of Days (3) indicated amount Means/ Medians([) Extremes Daily Precipitation Monthly/Annual Precipitation vs Probability Levels These values were determined from the incomple e gamma distribution Month Mean ed- Highest Year Day Highest year Lowest M ion I Delly(2) I I Moothly0) Moothly0) >= >= Year 0.01 0.10 >_ >= 0.50 1.00 .05 .10 .20 .30 .40 .50 .60 .70 1 .80 .90 .95 Jan .96 I .80 1.30 1978 27 2.50 I 1980 .13 1994 8.3 3.7 .2 @ .17 .25 .39 .52 I .66 I .80 .97 1.17 1.44 1.87 I 2.29 Feb .90 I .85 1.05 1996 21 2.45 I 1996 .05 1972 7.2 3.1 .3 @ .13 .21 .34 .47 1 59 1 .74 I .90 1.10 1.37 1.81 2.23 Mar 1 1.06 .95 1 .92 1 1912 1 20 3.04 I 1985 .16 1972 8.8 3.9 .2 .0 .20 .29 .44 .59 I .73 I .89 1.07 1.29 1.58 2.04 2.48 Apr 1.11 .89 1.10 , 1934 3 3.29 11999 .08 1982 8.1 4.0 .4 @ .22 .32 .48 .63 .78 I .95 1.13 1.36 1.65 2.13 2.58 May 1.18 1.07 1.41 1916 20 3.22 1979 .00 1974 7.7 3.8 .4 .1 .14 .28 .48 .65 .82 I 1.00 1.21 1.45 1.77 2.29 2.78 Jun i .87 .66 1 1.98 1 1984 1 7 3.71 1984 .00 1971 2.7 .3 .1 .07 .16 .30 .43 .56 I .71 .87 1.07 1.35 1.79 2.21 Jul 1.04 .85 1 1.40 1 1989 1 29 2.63 1989 .02 1994 7.0 3.6 .4 @ .13 .21 .36 .50 .66 I .83 1.02 1.27 1.60 2.15 2.68 Aug 1.03 .90 1 2.15 1 1930 9 2.60 1984 .10 1975 7.3 3.2 .3 .1 .24 .34 .49 Sep 1.21 1.20 1 1.76 1 1988 12 3.30 1986 .07 1979 7.4 4.2 .4 .1 .17 .27 .44 .62 .76 I .90 1.06 .61 .79 I .98 1.20 1.25 1.50 1.90 2.28 1.48 1.85 2.46 3.05 Oct 1.31 1.10 1 1.36 I 1914 4 3.44 1972 .14 1988 7.2 4.4 .5 .1 .24 .35 .54 .72 .90 I 1.10 1.32 1.59 1.95 2.53 3.08 Nov Dec 1.02 .89 1.21 1.06 .89 1.42 1919 26 3.59 1985 .00 1976 7.3 3.6 .1 @ .18 .32 .49 1966 6 3.25 1978 .02 1976 3.7 .3 .0 .12 .19 .34 .63 .76 I .90 1.06 .49 .65 I .82 1.03 1.25 1.49 1.87 2.22 1.29 1.64 2.22 2.79 Ann 12.75 12.17 2.15 Aug 1930 9 Jun 3.71 1984 .00+ Nov 89.7 43.9 1976 3.8 .5 8.08 8.94 10.07 10.94 11.721 12.49 13.28 14.17 15.27 16.87 18.27 + Also occurred on an earlier date(s) # Denotes amounts of a trace @ Denotes mean number of days greater than 0 but less than .05 ** Statistics not computed because less than six years out of thirty had measurable precipitation 084-B (1) From the 1971-2000 Monthly Normals (2) Derived from station's available digital record: 1910-2001 (3) Derived from 1971-2000 serially complete daily data Complete •documentation available from: www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/normals/usnormals.html IMO■r-_ e IMO IMP U.S. Department of Commerce National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service Station: RIFLE, CO Climate Division: CO 2 N MI = = = Ill! NWS Call Sign: Climatography of the United States No. 20 1971-2000 = I ▪ = MI MSI IIIIII National Climatic Data Center Federal Building 151 Patton Avenue Asheville, North Carolina 28801 www.ncdc.noaa.gov COOP ID: 057031 Elevation: 5,450 Feet Lat: 39°32N Lon: 107°48W Temperature (°F) Mean (1) Extremes Degree Days (1) Base Temp 65 Mean Number of Days (3) Month Daily Max Daily Min Mean Highest Daily(2) Year Day Highest Mouth()) Mean Year Lowest Daily(2) Year Day Lowest Month()) Mean Year Heating Cooling Max >_ 100 Max >- 90 Max >- 50 Max <- 32 Min <- 32 Min <_ 0 Jan 37.3 9.7 23.5 62 1986 29 31.5 1998 -38 1963 12 13.4 1973 1287 0 .0 .0 2.5 8.0 30.9 6.0 Feb 45.2 16.3 30.8 69+ 1986 26 39.9 1995 -34 1933 10 20.3 1974 959 0 .0 .0 8.8 1.9 27.7 1.8 Mar 55.1 24.4 39.8 79 1986 28 45.5 1999 -16 1948 11 33.6 1976 783 0 .0 .0 21.8 .1 26.8 .0 Apr 63.6 30.1 46.9 92 1936 19 52.5 1992 7 1945 4 41.3 1975 544 0 .0 @ 27.0 @ 17.7 .0 May 72.7 38.8 55.8 96 2000 30 61.1 2000 17 1972 1 51.2 1975 292 7 .0 .2 30.7 .0 4.5 .0 Jun 84.2 45.7 65.0 102+ 1990 30 69.3 1988 22 1937 6 60.4 1975 81 79 .1 8.5 30.0 .0 .4 .0 Jul 89.6 52.4 71.0 104+ 1931 24 75.4 1998 33 1968 1 67.5 1992 10 195 .7 16.8 31.0 .0 .0 .0 Aug 87.9 51.3 69.6 101+ 2000 10 74.0 2000 31 1960 17 66.2 1975 19 161 .1 12.6 31.0 .0 .0 .0 Sep 79.5 42.0 60.8 99+ 1990 14 66.7 1998 21 1937 26 55.8 1971 162 34 .0 2.6 30.0 .0 3.2 .0 Oct 67.7 31.0 49.4 88+ 1992 1 54.1 1988 7 1991 31 44.6 1984 486 0 .0 .0 28.7 .I 18.7 .0 Nov 50.5 21.2 35.9 79 1934 4 41.8 1999 -16 1955 16 29.7 2000 874 0 .0 .0 15.3 1.3 28.0 .2 Dec 39.4 11.7 25.6 65+ 1980 3 35.0 1980 -27 1962 26 15.0 1978 1223 0 .0 .0 3.7 6.6 30.6 3.9 Ann 64.4 31.2 47.8 104+ Jul 1931 24 75.4 Jul 1998 -38 Jan 1963 12 13.4 Jan 1973 6120 476 .9 40.7 260.5 18.0 188.5 11.9 + Also occurred on an earlier date(s) @ Denotes mean number of days greater than 0 but less than .05 Complete documentation available from: www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/normals/usnormals.html Issue Date: February 2004 084-A (1) From the 1971-2000 Monthly Normals (2) Derived from station's available digital record: 1910-2001 (3) Derived from 1971-2000 serially complete daily data Notes a. The monthly means are simple arithmetic averages computed by summing the monthly values for the period 1971-2000 and dividing by thirty. Prior to averaging, the data are adjusted if necessary to compensate for data quality issues, station moves or changes in station reporting practices. Missing months are replaced by estimates based on neighboring stations. b. The median is defined as the middle value in an ordered set of values. The median is being provided for the snow and precipitation elements because the mean can be a misleading value for precipitation normals. c. Only observed validated values were used to select the extreme daily values. d. Extreme monthly temperature/precipitation means were selected from the monthly normals data. Monthly snow extremes were calculated from daily values quality controlled to be consistent with the Snow Climatology. e. Degree Days were derived using the same techniques as the 1971-2000 normals. Compete documentation for the 1971-2000 Normals is available on the interne from: www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/normals/usnormals.html f. Mean "number of days statistics" for temperature and precipitation were calculated from a serially complete daily data set . Documentation of the serially complete data set is available from the link below: g. Snowfall and snow depth statistics were derived from the Snow Climatology. Documentation for the Snow Climatology project is available from the link under references. Data Sources for Tables Several different data sources were used to create the Clim20 climate summaries. In some cases the daily extremes appear inconsistent with the monthly extremes and or the mean number of days statistics. For example, a high daily extreme value may not be reflected in the highest monthly value or the mean number of days threshold that is less than and equal to the extreme value. Some of these difference are caused by different periods of record. Daily extremes are derived from the station's entire period of record while the serial data and normals data were are for the 1971-2000 period. Therefore extremes observed before 1971 would not be included in the 1971-2000 normals or the 1971-2000 serial daily data set. Inconsistencies can also occur when monthly values are adjusted to reflect the current observing conditions or were replaced during the 1971-2000 Monthly Normals processing and are not reconciled with the Summary of the Day data. a. Temperature/ Precipitation Tables 1. 1971-2000 Monthly Normals 2. Cooperative Summary of the Day 3. National Weather Service station records 4. 1971-2000 serially complete daily data c. Snow Tables 1. Snow Climatology 2. Cooperative Summary of the Day d. Freeze Data Table 1971-2000 serially complete daily data b. Degree Day Table 1. Monthly and Annual Heating and Cooling Degree Days Normals to Selected Bases derived from 1971-2000 Monthly Normals 2. Daily Normal Growing Degree Units to Selected Base Temperatures derived from 1971-2000 serially complete daily data References U.S. Climate Normals 1971-2000 www.ncdc.noaa.gov/normals.html U.S. Climate Normals 1971 -2000 -Products Clim20, www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/normals/usnormalsprods.html Snow Climatology Project Description www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/monitoring/snowclim/mainpage.html Eischeid, J. K., P. Pasteris, H. F. Diaz, M. Plantico, and N. Lott, 2000: Creating a serially complete, national daily time series of temperature and precipitation for the Western United States. J. Appl. Meteorol., 39, 1580-1591, wwwl.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/special/ serialcompletejam_0900.pdf Com_ NIB=C1i o r h Mi., AIM,MI MB g Y Natio;. eanic & Atmospheric Administration �::' Federal Building � National Environmental Satellite, Data, of the Unite States 151 Patton Avenue and Information Service No. 20 Asheville, North Carolina 28801 1 \ www.ncdc.noaa.gov Station: GRAND JUNCTION WALKER AP, CO Climate Division: CO 2 NWS Call Sign: GJT 1971-2000 COOP ID: 053488 Elevation: 4,858 Feet Lat: 39°08N Lon: 108°32W Base Base Growing Degree Units (Monthly) Degree Days to Selected Base Temperatures (°F) Growing Degree Units (Accumulated Monthly) Jan Feb I Mar I Apr I May I Jun I Jul I Aug I Sep Cooling Degree Days (1) Nov I Dec Base Aug Sep Oct Nov Heating Degree Days (1) 40 Above Jan Feb I Mar Below Jan Feb I Mar I Apr I May I Jun I Jul I Aug I Sep Oct I Nov 46 Dec I Ann 65 1194 860 I 656 I 409 I 178 I 33 I 12 I 1 I 73 367 I 792 I 1125 I 5700 60 1051 727 I 517 I 293 I 91 I 8 I 0 I 0 I 28 251 I 657 I 986 I 4609 57 965 644 I 427 I 221 I 54 I 3 I 0 I 0 I 12 180 I 567 I 893 I 3966 55 907 595 I 370 I 180 I 36 I 1 I 0 I 0 I 6 139 I 508 I 831 I 3573 50 762 464 I 236 I 96 I 9 I 0 I 0 I 0 I 1 61 I 361 I 678 I 2668 32 328 124 I 10 I 0 I 0 204 0 I 0 I 0 I 0 0 I 30 I 215 I 707 Base Base Growing Degree Units (Monthly) Growing Degree Units (Accumulated Monthly) Jan Feb I Mar I Apr I May I Jun I Jul I Aug I Sep Cooling Degree Days (1) Nov I Dec Jan I Feb I Mar I Apr I May I Jun I- Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 40 Above Jan Feb I Mar I Apr I May I Jun I Jul I Aug I Sep Oct I Nov I Dec I Ann 32 46 141 I 385 I 601 I 921 I 1217 I 1438 I 1374 I 1050 687 I 241 I 52 I 8153 55 0 0 I 6 I 61 I 237 I 528 I 725 I 661 I 367 85 I 1 I 0 I 2671 57 0 0 I 3 I 41 I 190 I 469 I 663 I 599 I 312 58 I 0 I 0 I 2335 60 0 0 I 1 I 20 I 126 I 383 I 570 I 506 I 232 28 I 0 I 0 I 1866 65 0 0 I 0 I 2 I 44 I 232 I 394 I 318 I 100 1 I 0 I 0 1091 70 0 0 I 0 I 0 I 10 I 130 I 262 I 204 I 42 0 I 0 I 0 I 648 Growing Degree Units (2) Base Growing Degree Units (Monthly) Growing Degree Units (Accumulated Monthly) Jan Feb I Mar I Apr I May I Jun I Jul I Aug I Sep Oct Nov I Dec Jan I Feb I Mar I Apr I May I Jun I- Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 40 1 39 I 179 I 377 T 684 I 985 11200 11135 I 820 451 82 I 3 1 I 40 I 219 I 596 1280 12265 13465 4600 5420 5871 5953 5956 45 0 9 I 80 I 248 I 533 I 835 I 1045 I 980 I 670 309 31 I 0 0 I 9 I 89 I 337 I 870 I 1705 12750 3730 4400 4709 4740 4740 50 0 0 I 31 I 142 I 382 I 685 I 890 I 825 I 520 185 7 I 0 0 I 0 I 31 I 173 I 555 11240 12130 2955 3475 3660 3667 3667 55 0 0 I 6 I 66 I 244 I 535 I 735 I 670 I 377 92 0 I 0 0 I 0 I 6 I 72 I 316 I 851 11586 2256 2633 2725 2725 2725 60 0 0 I 0 I 23 I 131 I 391 I 580 I 515 I 240 30 0 I 0 0 I 0 I 0 I 23 I 154 I 545 11125 1640 1880 1910 1910 1910 Base Growing Degree Units for Corn (Monthly) Growing Degree Units for Corn (Accumulated Monthly) 50/86 0 I 33 I 126 I 244 I 427 I 628 I 770 I 740 I 523 I 286 I 65 I 3 0 I 33 I 159 I 403 I 830 11458 12228 12968 3491 3777 13842 3845 (1) Derived from the 1971-2000 Monthly Normals (2) Derived from 1971-2000 serially complete daily data Note: For corn, temperatures below 50 are set to 50, and temperatures above 86 are set to 86 043-E Complete documentation available from: www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/normals/usnormals.html MR.Dert1R1*�! omm�rce _ National Ocean..-. Atmospheric Administration National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service Station: GRAND JUNCTION WALKER AP, CO Climate Division: CO 2 NWS Call Sign: GJT C limat - ph- of the United States No. 20 1971-2000 MD M M. Natio' limatic Data Center Feder�_�uilding 151 Patton Avenue Asheville, North Carolina 28801 www.ncdc.noaa.gov Elevation: 4,858 Feet COOP ID: 053488 Lat: 39°08N Lon: 108 °32W Freeze Data Spring Freeze Dates (Month/Day) Temp (F) Probability of later date in spring (thru Jul 31) than indicated(*) .10 ' .20 .30 .40 .50 .60 .70 .80 .90 36 5/30 5/24 1 5/19 1 5/16 1 5/12 1 5/09 5/05 5/01 4/25 32 5/09 5/04 5/01 4/27 4/25 4/22 4/19 4/15 4/10 28 4/27 4/21 4/17 4/14 4/11 4/08 4/05 4/01 3/26 24 4/18 4/10 4/04 3/30 3/25 3/20 3/15 3/09 3/01 20 4/12 4/01 3/25 3/18 3/12 3/05 2/27 2/19 2/08 16 3/28 3/17 3/08 1 3/01 1 2/22 1 2/16 2/08 1/31 1/19 Fall Freeze Dates (Month/Day) Temp (F) Probability of earlier date in fall (beginning Aug 1) than indicated(*) .10 I .20 .30 I .40 I .50 I .60 .70 I .80 .90 36 9/24 9/29 10/03 10/07 10/10 10/14 10/17 10/21 10/27 32 9/29 10/05 10/09 10/13 10/16 10/20 10/24 10/28 11/03 28 10/19 10/23 10/27 10/29 11/01 11/03 11/06 11/09 11/14 24 10/24 10/29 11/01 11/04 11/07 11/09 11/12 11/16 11/20 20 10/30 11/05 11/10 11/14 11/18 11/21 11/25 11/30 12/07 16 11/10 11/18 11/24 11/28 12/03 12/07 12/12 12/18 12/26 Freeze Free Period Temp (F) Probability of longer than indicated freeze free period (Days) .10 .20 .30 .40 .50 .60 .70 .80 .90 36 173 165 160 155 150 146 141 136 128 32 199 191 184 179 174 169 164 158 149 28 227 219 213 208 203 198 24 256 246 238 232 226 220 20 290 276 267 258 250 242 16 323 310 299 291 283 275 194 214 234 266 188 206 224 256 180 196 210 242 * Probability of observing a temperature as co d, or colder, later in the spring or earlier in the fall than the indicated date. 0/00 Indicates that the probability of occurrence of threshold temperature is less than the indicated probability. Derived from 1971-2000 serially complete daily data Complete documentation available from: www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/normals/usnormals.html 043-D -�- - - M.INE U.S. Depai . ; of Commerce National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Services Station: GRAND JUNCTION WALKER AP, CO Climate Division: CO 2 NWS Call Sign: GJT IMMI IMO -i1. Climatog aphy of the United States No. 20 1971-2000 Elevation: 4,858 Feet Lat: 39°08N National Climatic L enter Federal Building 151 Patton Avenue Asheville, North Carolina 28801 www.ncdc.noaa.gov COOP ID: 053488 Lon: 108°32W Snow (inches) Snow Totals Mean Number of Days (1) Means/Medians (1) Extremes (2) Snow Fall >= Thresholds Snow Depth >= Thresholds Month Snow Fall Mean Snow Fall Median Snow Depth P Mean Snow Depth P Median Highest Daily Snow Fall Year Day Highest Monthly Snow Fall Year Highest Daily Snow Depth Year Day Highest Monthly Mean Snow Depth Year 0.1 1.0 3.0 5.0 10.0 1 3 5 10 Jan 6.0 4.0 2 0 6.8 1978 23 18.7 1979 11+ 1979 13 8+ 1984 5.6 2.2 .5 .1 .0 13.3 7.7 5.4 .3 Feb 3.2 2.1 1 0 8.7 1989 4 16.0 1989 11+ 1989 5 7+ 1979 3.3 1.0 .2 @ .0 7.3 4.9 3.8 .2 Mar 2.8 1.7 # 0 4.9 2000 20 9.4 1987 5 1979 1 1 1979 2.7 .9 .3 .0 .0 1.3 .2 @ .0 Apr 1.5 .2 # 0 5.3 1975 17 14.3 1975 7 1975 18 # 1997 1.2 .5 .1 @ .0 .3 .1 @ .0 May .2 .0 # 0 5.0 1979 8 5.0 1979 1 1979 8 # 2000 .1 .1 @ @ .0 @ .0 .0 .0 Jun .0 .0 # 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 0 0 # 1979 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 Jul .0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 Aug .0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 Sep .0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 Oct .7 .0 # 0 3.4 1972 30 6.1 1975 5 1975 24 # 1996 .6 .2 .1 .0 .0 .2 .1 @ .0 Nov 2.3 2.0 # 0 4.7 1979 19 8.2 1979 2+ 1996 16 1 1971 2.4 .8 .2 .0 .0 1.1 .0 .0 .0 Dec 4.8 3.6 1 0 6.3 1998 20 19.0 1983 11+ 1983 30 4 1978 i 4.8 1.8 .2 @ .0 6.7 2.5 .8 .2 Ann 21.5 13.6 N/A N/A 8.7 Feb 1989 4 19.0 Dec 1983 11+ Feb 1989 5 8+ Jan 1984 20.7 7.5 1.6 .1 .0 30.2 15.5 10.0 .7 + Also occurred on an earlier date(s) #Denotes trace amounts @ Denotes mean number of days greater than 0 but less than .05 -9/-9.9 represents missing values Annual statistics for Mean/Median snow depths are not appropriate 043-C (1) Derived from Snow Climatology and 1971-2000 dai y data (2) Derived from 1971-2000 daily data Complete documentation available from: www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/normals/usnormals.html MN MPs--'- N U.S. Dept, _ .t of Commerce National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service Station: GRAND JUNCTION WALKER AP, CO Climate Division: CO 2 Climatograt of the United States No. 20 1971-2000 NWS Call Sign: GJT OM I Elevation: 4,858 Feet Lat: 39°08N 111111V--,1111111 National Climatic Data er Federal Building 151 Patton Avenue Asheville, North Carolina 28801 www.ncdc.noaa.gov COOP ID: 053488 Lon: 108°32W Precipitation (inches) Precipitation Totals Mean Number of Days (3) Precipitation Probabilities (i) Probability that the monthly/annual precipitation will be equal to or less than the indicated amount Means/ Medians(1) Extremes Daily Precipitation Monthly/Annual Precipitation vs Probability Levels These values were determined from the incomple e gamma distribution Month Mean Med- Ian Highest Deily(2) Year Day Highest Moothly(1) Year LpWe9t Moothly(1) Year 0.01 0.10 0.50 1.00 .05 .10 .20 .30 .40 .50 .60 .70 .80 .90 .95 Jan .60 .52 .64 1956 16 1.36+ 1993 .09 1999 6.6 2.2 @ .0 .11 .16 .25 .33 .42 .51 .61 .73 .90 1.17 1.43 Feb .50 .45 .58 1934 9 1.33 1989 .00 1972 5.4 1.5 .1 .0 .04 .10 .18 .26 .33 .41 .51 .62 .78 1.02 1.26 Mar 1.00 .87 1.02 1918 6 2.02 1979 .02+ 1972 7.8 3.4 .3 @ .08 .15 .28 .42 .57 .74 .95 1.22 1.58 2.19 2.80 Apr .86 .81 .86 1965 27 2.15 1997 .09 1982 7.1 3.0 .2 .0 .14 .22 .34 .46 .58 .71 .87 1.05 1.29 1.69 2.07 May .98 1.10 1.83 1906 24 2.04 1995 .01 1974 7.1 3.3 .2 .0 .10 .17 .30 .44 .59 .75 .95 1.19 1.53 2.08 2.62 Jun .41 .25 1.12 1912 8 1.68 1984 .00 1980 4.0 1.4 .1 .0 .01 .03 .07 .13 .19 .27 .37 .50 .68 .99 1.30 Jul .66 .52 1.39 1974 18 1.92 1983 .01 1994 5.5 2.1 .2 @ .04 .07 .15 .24 .34 .46 .61 .79 1.05 1.50 1.94 Aug .84 .62 1.43 1921 24 2.67 1997 .09 1975 6.3 2.5 .3 .1 .16 .23 .35 .47 .58 .71 .85 1.02 1.25 1.62 1.96 Sep .91 .63 1.87 1941 22 2.84 1997 .01 1979 6.5 3.0 .4 .0 .08 .14 .26 .38 .52 .68 .87 1.10 1.43 1.98 2.51 Oct 1.00 .90 1.35 1908 18 3.45 1972 .02 1988 6.2 3.1 .4 .0 .07 .13 .25 .39 .54 .72 .94 1.21 1.60 2.25 2.89 Nov .71 .62 1.08 1919 26 2.00 1983 .00 1989 6.0 2.4 .2 .0 .09 .18 .30 .40 .50 .61 .73 .88 1.07 1.38 1.67 Dec .52 .49 1.16 1951 30 1.85 1983 .01 1976 5.6 1.9 .1 .0 .07 .11 .19 .26 .33 .42 .51 .63 .79 1.05 1.30 Ann 8.99 8.82 1.87 Sep 1941 22 3.45 Oct 1972 .00+ Nov 1989 74.1 29.8 2.5 .1 5.56 1 6.19 7.01 7.65 8.23 8.79 9.38 10.04 10.85 12.04 13.08 + Also occurred on an earlier date(s) # Denotes amounts of a trace @ Denotes mean number of days greater than 0 but less than .05 ** Statistics not computed because less than six years out of thirty had measurable precipitation 043-B (1) From the 1971-2000 Monthly Normals (2) Derived from station's available digital record: 1900-2001 (3) Derived from 1971-2000 serially complete daily data Complete documentation available from: www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/normals/usnormals.html U.S. Department of Commerce National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service Station: GRAND JUNCTION WALKER AP, CO Climate Division: CO 2 im! Climatography of the United States No. 20 1971-2000 NWS Call Sign: GJT = =IIIIIII NMI NM .i National Climatic Data Center Federal Building 151 Patton Avenue Asheville, North Carolina 28801 www.ncdc.noaa.gov COOP ID: 053488 Elevation: 4,858 Feet Lat: 39°08N Lon: 108°32W Temperature (°F) Mean (1) Extremes Degree Days (1) Base Temp 65 Mean Number of Days (3) Month Daily Max Daily Min Mean Highest Dolly(2)Daily(2) Year Day Highest Month(1) Mean Year Lowest Year Day Lowest Mo°th(1) Mean Year Heating Cooling Max >- 100 Max >- 90 Max >_ 50 Max <_ 32 Min <_ 32 Min <_ 0 Jan 36.6 15.6 26.1 62 1911 31 35.9 1981 -23 1963 13 10.6 1973 1194 0 .0 .0 2.7 10.0 30.1 3.0 Feb 45.4 22.7 34.1 70 1904 24 43.0 1995 -21 1933 8 18.7 1974 860 0 .0 .0 9.8 2.3 24.4 .7 Mar 55.7 31.0 43.4 81+ 1971 26 48.5 1999 5+ 1948 11 37.1 1976 656 0 .0 .0 23.8 .1 15.7 .0 Apr 64.3 37.5 50.9 89+ 1992 30 58.5 1992 11 1975 2 44.5 1975 409 2 .0 .0 28.0 .0 6.1 .0 May 74.5 46.4 60.5 101 2000 29 65.8 2000 26 1970 2 54.9 1975 178 44 @ 1.1 30.9 .0 .4 .0 Jun 86.9 55.3 71.1 105 1990 27 77.0 1994 34 1976 14 65.1 1975 33 232 1.4 15.4 30.0 .0 .0 .0 Jul 92.1 61.4 76.8 105+ 1976 10 80.4 1994 44 1993 5 73.8 1987 12 394 2.8 24.0 31.0 .0 .0 .0 Aug 89.6 59.7 74.7 103+ 2000 2 78.4 2000 43 1968 23 71.2 1987 1 318 .7 19.6 31.0 .0 .0 .0 Sep 80.3 50.4 65.4 100 1995 4 70.0 1998 28 1908 27 60.6 1985 73 100 @ 4.3 30.0 .0 .2 .0 Oct 66.7 38.6 52.7 88 1963 1 57.2 1988 16 1917 29 47.9 1984 367 1 .0 .0 29.3 .0 3.5 .0 Nov 49.8 26.3 38.1 75 1977 5 43.0 1995 -2 1976 28 31.4 1979 792 0 .0 .0 15.9 .8 21.9 @ Dec 38.9 17.5 28.2 66 1901 6 38.9 1980 -21 1924 26 14.8 1978 1125 0 .0 .0 2.8 6.0 29.8 1.0 Ann 65.1 38.5 51.8 105+ Jun 1990 27 80.4 Jul 1994 -23 Jan 1963 13 10.6 Jan 1973 51700 1091 4.9 64.4 265.2 19.2 132.1 4.7 + Also occurred on an earlier date(s) @ Denotes mean number of days greater than 0 but less than .05 Complete documentation available from: www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/normals/usnormals.html Issue Date: February 2004 043-A (1) From the 1971-2000 Monthly Normals (2) Derived from station's available digital record: 1900-2001 (3) Derived from 1971-2000 serially complete daily data EXHIBIT L WORST CASE RECLAMATION SCENARIO The worst case reclamation scenario at the 5 Mile Pit will be when the greatest backfill is required and the greatest dewatering is necessary to install said backfill. This will be at some point during the mining of Phase 1. The backfill quantity is limited by a combination of the county permit (no more than 1000 feet of unbackfilled mining slope) and the maximum depth of the final lake. This can be found in Phase 1. The lake area at this point will be 7.3 acres. Option 1 - Exposing Groundwater 1. Dewatering 7.3 acre lake that is 12 feet deep on average. 87.6 ac -ft @ $75/ac-ft = $6,570 2. Backfill to the lake level to close off exposed groundwater. 87.6 ac -ft = 141,328 CY. 141,328 CY @ $1.50/CY to haul and place = $211,992 3. Backfilling 1000 feet of 1.5H:1 V mining slope to 3H:1 V for a highwall height of 10 feet. 2,700 CY at $1.50/CY to haul and place = $4,050 4. Backfill and grade detention pond. 6,200 CY @ $1.50/CY to haul and place = $9,300 5. Rip road areas in preparation for topsoiling. 4 acres @ $250/ac. = $1,000 6. Replace topsoil on all disturbed areas. Assuming all areas disturbed except for Phases 2 and 3. 25.6 acres to a depth of 12 inches. 41,301 CY @ $1.50 CY to haul and place = $61,952 7. Remove all facilities and equipment. $5,000 8. Seeding and mulching all areas above water line. 25.6 acres @ $700/acre = $17,920 Based on these costs, and a 28% DRMS cost factor, the total bond for the 5 Mile Pit should be $424,620. Option 2 - Exposing Groundwater 1. Dewatering 7.3 acre lake that is 12 feet deep on average. 87.6 ac -ft @ $75/ac-ft = $6,570 2. Backfilling 1000 feet of 1.5H:1 V mining slope to 3H:1 V for a highwall height of 2 feet. 2,700 CY at $1.50/CY to haul and place = $4,050 3. Backfill and grade detention pond. 6,200 CY @ $1.50/CY to haul and place = $9,300 4. Rip road areas in preparation for topsoiling. 4 acres @ $250/ac. = $1,000 5 Mile Pit March 2016 L-1 5. Replace topsoil on all disturbed areas. Assuming all areas disturbed except for Phases 2 and 3. 25.6 acres to a depth of 12 inches. 41,301 CY @ $1.50 CY to haul and place = $61,952 6. Remove all facilities and equipment. $5,000 7. Seeding and mulching all areas above water line. 25.6 acres @ $700/acre = $17,920 Based on these costs, and a 28% DRMS cost factor, the total bond for the 5 Mile Pit should be $135,414. Worst case reclamation costs for each scenario are shown in Table L-1 below: 5 Mile Pit March 2016 L-2 Table L-1 Reclamation Task and Cost Estimate Activity Description Time (Months) Cost ($) Option 1 — Exposing Groundwater Dewatering Phase 1 lake 0.25 6570 Backfill lake 1.0 211992 Backfilling 1000 feet of 10 foot tall highwall to 3H:1 V. 0.5 4050 Backfill and grade detention pond 0.25 9300 Rip road areas 0.25 1000 Replace topsoil on all disturbed areas 1.0 61952 Remove all facilities and equipment 0.25 5000 Seed and mulch all topsoiled areas 0.25 17920 Totals 2.5 $331,734 DRMS Costs (28% x direct costs) $92,886 Total Bond Amount (Option 1) $424,620 5 Mile Pit March 2016 L-3 Option 2 — Not Exposing Groundwater Dewatering Phase 1 lake 0.25 6570 Backfilling 1000 feet of 10 foot tall highwall to 3H:1 V. 0.5 4050 Backfill and grade detention pond 0.25 9300 Rip road areas 0.25 1000 Replace topsoil on all disturbed areas 1.0 61952 Remove all facilities and equipment 0.25 5000 Seed and mulch all topsoiled areas 0.25 17920 Totals 2.5 $105,792 DRMS Costs (28% x direct costs) $29,622 Total Bond Amount (Option 2) $135,414 5 Mile Pit March 2016 L-4 EXHIBIT M OTHER PERMITS REQUIRED The following permits are necessary for the full operation of the 5 Mile Pit: 1. Garfield County Special Use Permit — This has been approved since 2008. 2. CDPHE Discharge Permit - A stormwater/process water discharge permit will be needed for this operation. 3. APEN — A fugitive air emissions permit is needed from the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment since the site will mine more than 70,000 tons per year. Air emissions permits will be in place for all portable equipment utilized on site which requires a permit. 4. A Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plan will be needed at this site to cover the storage and transport of fuel and other liquids that are regulated by the EPA. 5. A gravel well permit with the Colorado Division of Water Resources for the exposure of ground water. 6. An augmentation plan from the State of Colorado engineer's office prior to exposing groundwater. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 M-1 EXHIBIT N RIGHT OF ENTRY The gravel lease with the property owner is attached. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 N-1 GRAVEL LEASE THIS GRAVEL LEASE is made and executed effective the 11 day of January, 2012, (the "Commencement Date") between 5 -Mile Ranch, LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, whose address for purposes of this Agreement is 8191 East Kaiser Boulevard, Anaheim, CA 92808 ("Lessor"), and Elam Construction, Inc., doing business as Grand Junction Concrete Pipe Co. and as Grand Junction Pipe & Supply Company, a Colorado Corporation, whose address for purposes of this Agreement is P. 0. Box 1849, Grand Junction, Colorado 81502 ("GJP"). RECITALS A. Lessor is the owner of real property, including all interest in the sand, gravel, and certain mineral rights, located in Garfield County, Colorado, described as follows: See Exhibit A, attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference (the "Property"). B. The patties desire to enter into this Gravel Lease for the purpose of allowing GJP to extract sand, gravel and excess overburden from the Property, and to utilize the remaining portions of the Property for certain purposes, on the terms and conditions set forth below. AGREEMENT I . Lessor hereby leases the Property to GJP for the purpose of extracting, hauling, processing and stockpiling sand, gravel and excess overburden (collectively "materials") from the Property, and for the placement and use of crushers and other equipment used in connection with the extracting, hauling, processing, and stockpiling of the sand, gravel and excess overburden extracted from the Property. For purposes of this Gravel Lease, "excess overburden" is defined as all dirt, soil and similar materials overlying the sand and gravel deposits on the Property that is not needed for the proper reclamation of the Property. GJP shall have the exclusive right to use the Property for the purposes described above during the term of this Gravel Lease and any extension thereof, and Lessor shall not lease the Property to any third parties for such purposes or otherwise use the Property for such purposes during the term of this Gravel Lease and any extension thereof. Lessor shall be entitled to use the Property during the term of this Gravel Lease and any extension thereof to the extent such use does not unreasonably interfere with GJP's operations under this Gravel Lease. GJP may realign any existing roadways on the Property, and create other roads on the Property, as necessary for its operations. Lessor shall have perpetual rights of access over and across all roadways within the Property for the purpose of accessing the other adjacent properties owned by Lessor for ranch maintenance purposes, oil and gas activities and other purposes that are mutually agreed upon by GJP and Lessor. Any use of the roadways within the Property by Lessor during the term of this Gravel Lease and any extension thereof shall be made in a manner that does not unreasonably interfere with GJP's operations under this Gravel Lease and in conformance with all reasonable health and safety policies of GJP or laws or rules imposed by governmental agencies with jurisdiction over GJP's operations under this Gravel Lease. The creation and realignment of roads on the Property shall be done at no cost to Lessor and with approval of Lessor in each instance. GJP agrees to keep the haul road utilized by it in a reasonably dust free condition. In planning its mining activities on the Property, GJP shall consult with Lessor in order to develop a layout of the pit area which will be satisfactory to Lessor. GJP shall also consult with Lessor in developing a reclamation plan ("Reclamation Plan") for the Property. The Reclamation Plan and pit area layout will be subject to Lessor's approval, which approvals will not be unreasonably withheld. Lessor agrees that any layout of the pit area must be such that it will allow GJP to economically mine sand, gravel and excess overburden from the Property, and that any Reclamation Plan developed for the Property must be economically feasible. 2. GJP shall conduct and be entitled to conduct certain activities, and the term of this Caravel Lease shall commence, as follows: �J A. GJP shall proceed with duc diligence to apply for all governmental permits necessary to conduct its operations on the Property under this Gravel Lease. Such permits include, without limitation, a conditional use permit from Garfield County, a mining permit from the Colorado Division of Reclamation, Mining and Safety ("DRMS"), a well permit from the Colorado State Engineer, approval of a substitute water supply plan by the Colorado State Engineer's office, a state highway access permit, a flood plain permit, a discharge permit, an emissions permit, and any necessary Section 404 permits or other permits from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. If any of these permits shall be denied or not finally granted within three years from the execution date of this Gravel Lease (as set forth in the introductory paragraph of this Gravel Lease), then this Gravel Lease shall terminate and be of no further force and effect. Subject to the provisions of Paragraph 2.B., below, the term of this Gravel Lease shall commence upon execution date of this Gravel Lease (the "Commencement Date°). The execution date of this Gravel Lease shall be the last date on which this Gravel Lease is signed by either of the parties. GJP shall have the privilege of access to the Property for the purpose of performing the work necessary to apply for and obtain the permits referred to above. Lessor agrees to cooperate with and aid GJP as necessary in applying for and obtaining all necessary permits, but at no cost to Lessor. Within ten days after the execution date of this Gravel Lease, Lessor provide GJP with a list of all governmental permits that it currently holds, if any, relating to the Property. If GJP determines that any of these permits would be useful to it in connection with its operations under this Gravel Lease, and if such permits are transferable, Lessor shall transfer (without warranty) such permits to GJP within ten days after GJP requests such transfer. GJP shall prepare and provide all instruments needed to make such transfer of permits. GJP shall present all applications and plans (referred to in this Paragraph as "Permit Applications"), prior to their filing with the responsible regulatory authority(ies), to Lessor for its approval, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld. Lessee shall diligently pursue the approval of all such Permit Applications and permits needed to commence mining operations at the Property. Once the initial permits have been approved by the responsible regulatory autliority(ies) and delivered to GJP, any renewal or significant amendments thereto shall require GJP to present to Lessor for its approval all application materials filed to obtain same (referred to in this Paragraph as "Permit Amendment Applications"), with such approval not to be unreasonably withheld. GJP shall provide all proposed Pernik Applications and Permit Amendment Applications to Lessor in the manner set forth in Paragraph 17, below. Lessor shall give GJP written notice approving or disapproving each proposed Permit Application and Permit Amendment Application within seven business days after the Permit Application or Permit Amendment Application is given to Lessor. Any disapproval shall state the reason(s) for the disapproval, and Lessor and GJP will thereafter work together in good faith to resolve the reason(s) for the disapproval. If Lessor does not provide GJP with a notice either approving or disapproving a proposed Permit Application or Permit Amendment Application within seven business days, as required above, the Permit Application or Permit Amendment Application shall be deemed to have been approved by Lessor. B. GJP shall be entitled, but not obligated, to investigate the title to the Property and the existence of any mineral reservations. If GJP determines, in its sole opinion, that any of the surface minerals may have been reserved or that Lessor's title to the Property is otherwise not satisfactory, GJP may, but shall not be required to, take whatever actions it deems appropriate to cure the problems it identifies. Such actions could include, without limitation, the filing of a quiet title action in Lessor's name, or obtaining conveyances of reserved mineral interests from the owner thereof to Lessor. All such actions shall be at GJP's sole expense. At GJP's request, Lessor shall cooperate with GJP in all such actions but at no cost to Lessor. If in its sole discretion GJP is not satisfied with Lessor's title to the Property atter any investigation it conducts and any curative actions it may attempt, GJP shall be entitled to terminate this Gravel Lease. In order to terminate this Gravel Lease under this Paragraph 2.B., GJP must give written 4 notice of termination to Lessor no later than ninety days after the Commencement Date, provided, however, that if GJP elects to file a quiet title action, the notice of termination shall be given no later than one year after the Commencement Date. 3. The initial term of this Gravel Lease is for a period of thirteen (13) years, commencing on the Commencement Date. GJP and Lessor may at their discretion mutually agree to extend this Gravel Lease for an additional period of up to ten (10) years after the expiration of the initial term, under the same terms and conditions as provided for in the initial term of this Gravel Lease, if productive extraction is continuing. To extend this Gravel Lease, the Lessor and Lessee must come to a mutually acceptable agreement in writing to do so not less than thirty (30) days prior to the end of the initial term. 4. GJP shall have the right to install sheds, buildings, machinery, pumps, equipment, personal property, telephone lines, electric lines and water lines on the Property reasonably needed in connection with the extracting, hauling, processing, and stockpiling of the sand, gravel and excess overburden extracted from the Property, and shall remove such property and equipment from the Property at the end of the lease term or upon any other termination of this Gravel Lease. Lessor shall not be liable for payment of any utility or other charges for sheds, buildings, machinery, pumps, equipment, personal property, telephone lines, electric lines and water lines installed by GJP. 5. In consideration of this Gravel Lease, GJP agrees to pay to Lessor as follows: A. GJP shall pay royalties to Lessor at the following rates: i. A royalty of sand and gravel mined and removed from the Property under this Gravel Lease (the "Gravel Royalty"). ii. A royalty of of excess overburden mined and removed from the Property under this Gravel Lease (the "Overburden Royalty"). notice of termination to Lessor no later than ninety days after the Commencement Date, provided, however, that if GJP elects to file a quiet title action, the notice of termination shall be given no later than one year ager the Commencement Date. 3. The initial term of this Gravel Lease is for a period of thirteen (13) years, commencing on the Commencement Date. GJP and Lessor may at their discretion mutually agree to extend this Gravel Lease for an additional period of up to ten (10) years after the expiration of the initial term, under the same terms and conditions as provided for in the initial term of this Gravel Lease, if productive extraction is continuing. To extend this Gravel Lease, the Lessor and Lessee must come to a mutually acceptable agreement in writing to do so not less than thirty (30) days prior to the end of the initial term. 4. GJP shall have the right to install sheds, buildings, machinery, pumps, equipment, personal property, telephone lines, electric lines and water lines on the Property reasonably needed in connection with the extracting, hauling, processing, and stockpiling of the sand, gravel and excess overburden extracted from the Property, and shall remove such property and equipment from the Property at the end of the lease tern or upon any other termination of this Gravel Lease. Lessor shall not be liable for payment of any utility or other charges for sheds, buildings, machinery, pumps, equipment, personal property, telephone lines, electric lines and water lines installed by GJP. 5. In consideration of this Gravel Lease, GJP agrees to pay to Lessor as follows: A. GJP shall pay royalties to Lessor at the following rates: i. A royalty of of sand and gravel mined and removed from the Property under this Gravel Lease (the "Gravel Royalty"). ii. A royalty of of excess overburden mined and removed from the Property under this Gravel Lease (the "Overburden Royalty"). iii. An additional royalty, in addition to the Gravel Royalty and Overburden Royalty, of $0.15 per ton (2,000 pounds) of sand, gravel and excess overburden mined and removed from the Property under this Gravel Lease (the "Water Royalty"). iv. The Gravel Royalty, the Overburden Royalty, and the Water Royalty will collectively be referred to in this Gravel Lease as the "Product Royalties." The Product Royalties shall all be subject to adjustment as provided in Paragraph S.B., below B. During the initial term and any extended term of this Gravel Lease, annually on the anniversary date of the issuance of the final permit needed for commencement of any mining of any materials from the Property (the "Final Permit Date"), the Product Royalties payable to Lessor shall increase in proportion to the increase in the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers, "All Items" category, U.S. City Average, as prepared and published by the Department of Labor, United States of America. Such increase shall relate to the index published for the month of the Final Permit Date, as compared to the most current monthly index available on the anniversary date of the Final Permit Date in each year of the lease term or any extension thereof. Such increase, if any, when so determined, shall control until the next anniversary date. If for any reason the described Index shall no longer be published, then the parties shall attempt to reach a mutual agreement on an index reasonably similar thereto. If no mutual agreement can be obtained, then the index to be applied shall be determined by arbitration under the Rules and Procedures of the American Arbitration Association (Commercial). C. Subject to the provisions of Paragraph 6 below, no Product Royalties shall be payable to Lessor unless and until the sand, gravel and/or excess overburden, as the case may be, is removed from the Property. D. GJP shall provide Lessor with a written statement signed and certified by an authorized officer of GJP as to accurate quantities of nll sand, gravel, and/or excess overburden 6 c' removed by it during the preceding month and, subject to the provisions of Paragraph 6, below, shall make payments to Lessor of any Product Royalties due by the 20th day of each month. E. GJP shall install scales and weigh all sand, gravel and excess overburden before or at the time of removal from the Property and shall preserve the weight tickets. Lessor shall have the right to review the weight tickets during GJP's normal business hours. F. For purposes of calculation of the royalty payment due, quantities of materials for which the royalty payment is due will be measured as follows: (i) Use of Scales. All materials shall be weighed on a certified scale at the time when materials are removed from the Property or mixed with other products. If materials on which a royalty payment is due are mixed with non-excavated materials (for example, in case of mixing sand and gravel with water and Portland cement in the concrete batch plant), then for the purpose of calculating the royalty payment, the weight of the excavated materials shall be separately weighed using a certified scales prior to being delivered to concrete or asphalt batch operations on the Property or mixed with other materials. For record keeping and control purposes, the mixed product shall also be weighed prior to leaving the Property. (ii) Scale Adjustments. Accuracy of the scale shall be checked and adjustments made at least as often as required to continue to be certified. Records of the accuracy check and adjustments shall be preserved and made available in the same manner as other records. 6. GJP shall pay advance royalties to Lessor as follows: A. GJP shall pay Lessor an advance royalty of upon mutual execution of this Gravel Lease. Thereafter, GJP shall pay Lessor advance royalties of per year, commencing on the first anniversary date of the Commencement Date, and continuing on each annual anniversary date of the lease term thereafter (through and including the last anniversary date), and, if the lease term is mutually extended by the parties for an additional term as set forth in Paragraph 3 above, on the commencement date and on each annual anniversary date 7 of the extended lease term (through and including the last anniversary date of the extended lease term). The advance royalties paid shall be offset against the Gravel Royalties accruing under this Gravel Lease and the Water Royalties that accrue on the sand and gravel mined and removed from the Property under this Gravel Lease (referred to in this Paragraph 6 as the "Gravel Water Royalties") in the manner set forth below. ']'he advance royalties shall not be offset against the Overburden Royalties accruing under this Gravel Lease or the Water Royalties that accrue on the excess overburden mined and removed from the Property under this Gravel Lease. If this Gravel Lease is terminated pursuant to the provisions of Paragraph 2.A. or 2.B., Lessor shall be entitled to retain all advance royalty payments paid to it under this Gravel Lease prior to the date of termination. Any advance royalty payment that is not received by Lessor within 10 days of its due date shall be subject to a late charge equal to 8% of the payment due. Such late charge shall not be considered an additional advance royalty payment but rather a charge for late payment. B. If the advance royalty paid for a year exceeds the amount of Gravel Royalties and Gravel Water Royalties accruing in that year, the excess shall not be used to reduce the amount of any advance royalties payable in future years. Utile amount of Gravel Royalties and Gravel Water Royalties accruing in a year exceeds the advance royalty paid for that year, the amount of the excess shall be used to reduce the amount of advance royalty accruing for the next year. C. All advance royalties payable hereunder shall be offset against Gravel Royalties and Gravel Water Royalties which shall accrue and be payable to Lessor for sand and gravel mined and removed from the Property under this Gravel Lease. GJP shall maintain records of the amounts of advance royalties paid under this Gravel Lease, and each month shall deduct the Gravel Royalties and Gravel Water Royalties that have accrued for materials removed during the preceding month from the total amount of advance royalties that have been paid. If any excess advance royalties remain at the end of the terns (or, if this Gravel Lease is extended, at the end of 8 the extended term) or other termination of this Gravel Lease, Lessor shall be entitled to retain such excess royalties, and shall not be required to refund the excess to GJP. D. If commercial sand and gravel shall be mined out of the Property before all advance royalty payments are due and payable, GJP may give written notice thereof to Lessor (referred to in this Paragraph as the "Termination Notice"), and thereafter GJP shall not be obligated to pay any additional advance royalties. GJP shall then vacate the Property with reasonable dispatch and this Gravel Lease shall terminate, subject to the obligations for reclamation as set forth in Paragraph 12 below. GJP shall calculate the amount of materials in any stockpiles remaining on the Property as of the date the Termination Notice is given and shall pay the Lessor royalties, at the then current royalty rate, on such amount within thirty days after the Termination Notice is given. Any remaining advance royalties previously paid by GJP shall be offset against the royalties due on these stockpiled materials. All materials in the stockpiles shall either be removed from the Property within two years after the date the Termination Notice is given or shall be incorporated into any reclamation work done by GJP on the Property. No royalty shall be due when such materials are actually removed fi•oin the Property, because the royalties on all the materials will have been paid within thirty days after the Termination Notice is given. For the purposes of this Paragraph, "mined out" means the removal of substantially all of the minable commercial sand and gravel from the Property, with the exception of the area needed for processing of the mined material, which area shall not exceed 10 acres in size. E. GJP shall keep and maintain adequate and accurate records of the quantities of Materials mined and removed from the Property. Lessor shall have a right at all reasonable times during business hours and upon reasonable prior notice to examine and audit such records of GJP at the offices of GJP and to verify the quantities of Materials removed from the Property and the accuracy of the scales uscd to with the Materials. 7 The parties agree as follows with respect to water and water rights: 9 A. Promptly after execution of this Gravel Lease, GJP shall file an application for approval of a substitute water supply plan ("SWSP") with the Colorado State Engineer's office to replace the water depletions resulting from GJP's operations under this Gravel Lease (the "SWSP Application"). GJP shall also file with the appropriate water court an application (the "Water Rights Application") to adjudicate water rights and for approval of an augmentation or other replacement plan ("Augmentation Plan") for the water uses and depletions resulting from GJP's operations under this Gravel Lease. The SWSP Application and the Water Rights Application will be filed in the name of GJP, as lessee, and will provide that GJP's interest in the water rights and augmentation plan will cease upon expiration or termination of this Gravel Lease. The water rights sought in the Water Rights Application will be for industrial purposes, including but not limited to evaporation, dust suppression, aggregate washing, and product moisture losses. Unless the parties mutually agree otherwise, GJP shall be responsible for obtaining the necessary augmentation or replacement water or water rights for use in the SWSP and the Augmentation Plan and shall pay the costs of obtaining and using such water and water rights during the term of this Gravel Lease and any extension thereof. GJP shall prosecute the SWSP Application and the Water Rights Application to conclusion with diligence, provided, however, that GJP shall not be required to accept any terms and conditions in any SWSP approved by the State Engineer's office or in any decree entered or proposed to be entered with respect to the Water Rights Application which are not acceptable to it in its sole discretion. Copies of any engineering work that GJP may have prepared shall be given to Lessor, upon request. Lessor shall cooperate with and assist GJP in the prosecution of the Water Rights Application at no cost to Lessor. GJP shall be entitled to utilize, without charge, any water rights so approved or adjudicated for evaporation, reclamation purposes, dust suppression, product moisture losses, aggregate washing, or other uses needed in its operations on the Property during the term of this Gravel Lease, and any substitute water supply plans or augmentation or replacement plans which may be approved or adjudicated. B. At the appropriate time during or after the SWSP or adjudication process described in Paragraph 7.A., above, GJP shall apply for a well permit from the Colorado State Engineer's office for the mining of the Mining Property under this Gravel Lease (the "Well Permit"), at its sole cost and expense. The application shall be filed in the name of GJP, as GJP under this Gravel Lease. C. After the expiration of the lease term or other termination of this Gravel Lease, GJP shall assign and convey all rights and obligations under the SWSP, the Well Permit, all water and water rights relating to the Property, including any lakes or pools that may be left on or with the Property as a result of GJP's mining, and all augmentation and replacement plans to Lessor, and Lessor shall assume all obligations under or relating to the SWSP, Well Permit, water and water rights, and any augmentation or replacement plans. Thereafter, GJP shall have no further interest in or obligations under the SWSP, Well Permit, water and water rights relating to the Property, or any augmentation or replacement plans, except to the extent they are needed for the proper reclamation of the Property, in which case Lessor agrees that they can be used for reclamation purposes. GJP has agreed to pay the Water Royalty identified in Paragraph 5.A.iii., above, in order to provide funds to Lessor to assist Lessor in meeting any obligations it may have under or relating to the SWSP, Well Permit, water and water rights, and any augmentation or replacement plans after the expiration of the lease term or other termination of this Gravel Lease. Lessor shall be solely responsible for investing, managing and applying the Water Royalty amounts paid to it, and GJP makes no representations as to whether those funds will be adequate to meet all Lessor's obligations under the SWSP, Well Permit, water and water rights, and/or any augmentation or replacement plans. 8. Lessor warrants title to the Property and to all sand, gravel and excess overburden located on the Property, and further warrants and covenants that GJP shall have the right to extract sand, gravel and excess overburden from the Property and otherwise use and occupy the Property cf_g processing and stockpiling of the materials under this Gravel I,ease. All improvements shall be removed from the Property by GJP at the expiration or other termination of this Gravel Lease, unless otherwise agreed by the parties. 12, GJP shall, at the expiration of the lease term or upon other termination of this Gravel Lease, surrender the Property to Lessor, subject to GJP's reclamation obligations as set forth below, Any mined material remaining on the Property at the expiration or termination of this Gravel Lease shall become the property of Lessor (or GJP shall remove at Lessor's request), and no royalty shall be payable by GJP on such material, if left on site. Within three years after expiration or termination of this Gravel Lease, or within three years after GJP has fully mined out the Property, whichever comes first, GJP shall complete the reclamation of the Property at GJP's sole expense in accordance with the approved Reclamation Plan and the terms of the permits issued by the DRMS and other applicable governmental entities. If this three-year period occurs after the expiration or termination of this Gravel Lease, GJP shall have the right of access to the Property during this three-year period to perform the reclamation work. At the conclusion of the reclamation work, the Property will be surrendered to Lessor in the condition agreed under the approved Reclamation Plan and permits. 13. Liabilities. A. GJP shall defend, indemnify and hold harmless Lessor from and against any and all claims, demands, judgments, and liability, including reasonable attorneys' fees and expert fees, by or to any and all third parties resulting from all acts or omissions of GJP or its agents, representatives, officers, employees, lessees and contractors in, on or about the Property. The foregoing indemnification shall all survive the termination of this Gravel Lease. The indemnity provisions set forth in this Gravel Lease shall apply to amounts paid in settlement of a claim by an indemnified party only if such settlement is approved by the indemnifying party, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld. 13 B. GJP agrees to keep the Property free and clear of liens, charges, claims or demands arising from its operations hereunder and to promptly pay for all labor performed on the Property and for all supplies, materials, and equipment used or placed on the Property by GJP. GJP shall defend, indemnify and hold harmless Lessor from and against any and all claims, charges, demands, causes of action, damages and liability, including reasonable attorneys' fees and expert fees, that arise from or are connected to the acts or omissions of the Lessee hereunder or to those of its contractors, subcontractors, employees, officers, agents or lessees in regard to providing labor and acquiring or installing materials, equipment and supplies for operations under this Gravel Lease. 14. Insurance. A. GJP shall maintain, at its sole expense and at all times, statutory Worker's Compensation Insurance coverage as required under the laws and regulations of the State of Colorado for all its officers and employees who perform work for GJP hereunder. B. GJP shall purchase, at its sole expense, and shall maintain at all times the following minimum insurance protection: • Comprehensive General Liability in the amount of $1,000,000 combined single limit; • Employer's Liability Insurance in the amount of $100,000 each occurrence; • Automobile Liability Insurance in the amount of $1,000,000 combined single limit; and • Insurance for other risks ordinarily insured against in similar operations pursuant to standard operating policy of GJP. GJP agrees that it shall require all independent contractors, contractors and subcontractors who perform work in connection with the Property to have similar and adequate insurance in hill force and effect. 15. Prompt payment of the amounts to be paid by GJP and compliance N1 ith all terms and conditions are of the essence of this Gravel Lease. If GJP fails to make payments or fails to perform as agreed, Lessor may give GJP written notice of its intention to terminate this Gravel Lease. If the default complained of is not cured within twenty (20) days after such notice is given to GJP, Lessor shall be entitled to terminate this Gravel Lease; provided, however, that if the default is non-monetary and cannot reasonably be cured within the 20 day notice period, GJP shall have a reasonable time to correct the default if GJP commences measures to cure the default within the twenty day period and proceeds diligently thereafter to cure the default. If this Gravel Lease is terminated under this paragraph, GJP shall surrender the Property to Lessor and perform the reclamation work as provided in Paragraph 12. Any accrued royalties and all necessary reclamation work shall remain the obligation of GJP and shall survive the termination of this Gravel Lease under this paragraph. 16. If either party defaults in its performance under this Gravel Lease, or if it is necessary for either party to take any action to enforce the terms of this Gravel Lease, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover from the other party, and the other party shall pay the prevailing party, all reasonable costs incurred by the prevailing party, including without limitation court costs and attorneys' fees, regardless of whether actual litigation or court proceedings are involved. 17. Any N1 ritten notice which may be desired or required pursuant to this Gravel Lease may be given by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested or by a national express delivery service such as Federal Express or UPS. Any such mailing to either party shall be at the address set forth in the introductory paragraph to this Gravel Lease. A change of address may he established b) ritten notice in accordance ‘vith this paragraph. Such notice may also be delivered personally IA ith receipt taken for it. Such notice shall be effective on the date of deliver. I 8. Each party warrants and represents to the other that such pasty has taken all actions necessary to make this Gravel Lease a valid obligation binding upon the party. 19. This Gravel Lease shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the successors and permitted assigns of the parties. 20. Each party agrees to execute upon request of the other party a memorandum of this Gravel I. case in a mutually agreeable form suitable for recording. Either party may record this memorandum in the records of Garfield County, Colorado, at such party's expense. 21. Assignment or Sublease. The provisions of this Gravel Lease shall extend to and be binding upon the successors, assigns and sub -lessees of Lessor and GJP; provided however, that GJP shall not assign the Gravel Lease or sublease all or any significant part of the Property without having first secured the approval of said assignment from Lessor (which Lessor may decline in its sole discretion, except any sublease for Plant purposes, which approval shall not be unreasonably denied provided the Plant sub -lessee is an operator who is reasonably experienced and financially qualified for such operations). Any assignment or sublease shall not release or relieve GJP of its duties and obligations under this Gravel Lease. Plant shall mean a portable and/or fixed facility for processing, storing, washing, sorting, handling, loading and shipping of materials mined from the Property, along with ancillary facilities, and shall also mean a concrete or asphalt batch plant. 22. Operations. GJP shall conduct its operations on the Property, if any, in a prudent and workmanlike manner and in accordance with good and accepted mining and business practices and in compliance with all applicable federal, state and local laws, rules and regulations, and all applicable permits. 23. Entire Agreement. This Gravel Lease contains the entire agreement between the parties hereto. and neither it nor any part of it mai be changed, altered. modified, or limited orally or b) an agreement between the parties unless such agreement be expressed in ‘‘riting, signed. and acknowledged by the Lessor and CLIP, or their respective heirs, personal representatives. successors and assigns. 24. Counterparts/Facsimile Signatures. This Gravel I.ease niay be executed by facsimile signature and/or in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the sante lease. IN WITNESS WI IEREOF, the parties to this Gravel Lease have signed it as of the day and year set forth above. ELAM CONSTRUCTION, INC., doing 5 -MILE RANCI I, LLC business as GRAND JUNCTION CONCRETE PIPE COMPANY and as GRAND JUNCTION PI E & SUPPLY CO. By:erd Title: LE..n 17 Naive: Title: Manager SrnTEor QAC./Pokit IIR ) ?) ss. COUNTY OF O ou 66. _ ) The foregoing agreement was acknowledged before me this JO* day of January. 2012. by as Manager of 5 -Mile Ranch, 1.I.C. WITNESS my hand and official seal. '/ My Commission Expires:. "o1-/ /4 LYNETTE M. KELLU Commission # 1883166 Notary Public - California Orange County M Comm. Tres Mar 21.2014 STATE OF COLORADO ) ss. COUNTY OF MESA Not (-2›.4Acin. 441-644,-- Public 'l'he foregoing agreement was acknowledged before me this \-1. day of .�wa.4ay.y( , 20 t1, by La,,.0._ dLkbGf— , President of Elam Construction, Inc., doing business as Grlthd Junction Concrete Pipe Company and as Grand Junction Pipe & Supply Co., a Colorado Corporation. WITNESS my hand and official seal. My Commission Expires: U..,'6 Notary Public IR PROPERTY DESCRIPTION GRAVEL PIT A PARCEL OF LAND SITUATED IN SE1/4SE1/4 OF SECTION 28 AND IN SECTION 33, TOWNSHIP 7 SOUTH, RANGE 98 WEST OF THE SIXTH PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN, COUNTY OF GARFIELD, STATE OF COLORADO; SAID PARCEL BEING MORE PARTICULARLY DESCRIBED AS FOLLOWS: COMMENCING AT THE NORTHEAST CORNER OF SAID SECTION 33, A BLM CAP IN PLACE, THE POINT OF BEGINNING; THENCE 800°01'55"E ALONG THE EASTERLY BOUNDARY OF SAID SECTION 33 A DISTANCE OF 1,369.44 FEET; THENCE LEAVING SAID EASTERLY BOUNDARY S17°45'22"W ALONG THE WESTERLY RIGHT-OF-WAY OF UNA ROAD A DISTANCE OF 1,085.87 FEET TO A POINT IN THE CENTER OF THE COLORADO RIVER, AS DEFINED IN BOOK 802 AT PAGE 964 OF THE GARFIELD COUNTY CLERK AND RECORDER'S OFFICE; THENCE ALOI1O SAID CENTERLINE AS DEFINED, N89°04'13'W A DISTANCE OF 1,170.74 FEET; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID CENTERLINE 885°15'21'W A DISTANCE OF 324.97 FEET; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID CENTERLINE S59°20'30"W A DISTANCE OF 316.71 FEET; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID CENTERLINE S48'53'02"WA DISTANCE OF 337.31 FEET; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID CENTERUNE 820°46'48'W A DISTANCE OF 328.01 FEET; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID CENTERLINE S11'5T01'W A DISTANCE OF 859.10 FEET; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID CENTERLINE S84°03'25"W A DISTANCE OF 1,512.73 FEET; THENCE LEAVING SAID CENTERLINE N55°52'001W A DISTANCE OF 328.96 FEET TO A POINT ON THE SOUTHERLY RIGHT-OF-WAY OF THE UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD; THENCE N34'08'00"E ALONG SAID SOUTHERLY RIGHT-OF-WAY A DISTANCE OF 2,309.28 FEET; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY ALONG THE ARC OF A CURVE TO THE RIGHT HAVING A RADIUS OF 3,080.15 FEET AND A CENTRA!. ANGLE OF 07°48'48", A DISTANCE OF 420.03 FEET, (CHORD BEARS N37°12'64"E A DISTANCE OF 419.70 FEET) TO A POINT ON THE NORTH -SOUTH CENTERUNE OF SAID SECTION 33; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY N00°19'l2'W ALONG SAID NORTH -SOUTH CENTERLINE A DISTANCE OF 73.67 FEET; THENCE LEAVING SAID CENTERLINE AND CONTINUING ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY ALONG THE ARC OF A CURVE TO THE RIGHT HAVING A RADIUS OF 2,815.06 FEET AND A CENTRAL ANGLE OF 12°14'22", A DISTANCE OF 601.38 FEET, (CHORD BEARS N48°41'42"E A DISTANCE OF 600.21 FEET); THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY N55°08'54"E A DISTANCE OF 98.96 FEET; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY N55°29'00"E A DISTANCE OF 2,142.73 FEET TO A POINT ON THE NORTHERLY BOUNDARY OF SAID SECTION 33; THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY N87°19'01"E ALONG SAID NORTHERLY BOUNDARY A DISTANCE OF 94 FS�TT THENCE LEAVING SAID NORTHERLY BOUNDARY AND CONTINUUM; ;SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY N55°29'00"E A DISTANCE OF 299.37 FEET TO A tqb E EASTERLY BOUNDARY OF SAID SECTION 28; THENCE LEAVII 13 RIGHT-OF-WAY S01°57'23"E ALONG SAID EASTERLY BOUNDARYA DISTAN 157.92 FEET TO THE POINT OF BEGINNING; SAID PARCEL CONTAINING 130.558 A RIiS. MORE OR LESS. EXHIBIT A /v2 Parcel Size =130.558 Ac. Total Gravel Pit=78.0 Ac. EXHIBIT 0 OWNERS OF AFFECTED LAND AND MINERAL TO BE MINED 5 -Mile Ranch, LLC 8191 E Kaiser Blvd Anaheim, CA 92808 5 Mile Pit March 2016 0-1 EXHIBIT P MUNICIPALITIES WITHIN TWO MILES 5 Mile Pit March 2016 P-1 EXHIBIT Q PROOF OF MAILING OF NOTICES TO THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS AND SOIL CONSERVATION DISTRICT 5 Mile Pit March 2016 Q-1 0 CD CD a1 CD 0 CD _3IAJO I• •.I ARTICLE NUMBER 9414 7118 9956 3141 4724 55 ARTICLE ADDRESS TO: Debeque-Plateau Valley Conservation District 2738 Crossroads Blvd Suite 102 Grand Junction CO 81506-3960 FEES Postage per piece Certified Fee Return Receipt Fee Total Postage & Fees: $0.48'/2 3.45 2.80 $6.73'/2 8001 ARTICLE NUMBER 9414 7118 9956 3141 4442 85 ARTICLE ADDRESS TO: Garfield County Board of County Commissioners Suite 101 108 8th Street Glenwood Springs CO 81601-3355 FEES Postage per piece Certified Fee Return Receipt Fee Total Postage & Fees: f 1/3 o PosHem tlO�rk py i .t;rlf�� $0.48'/2 3.45 2.80 $6.731/2 1 EXHIBIT R PROOF OF FILING WITH COUNTY CLERK 5 Mile Pit March 2016 R-1 Greg Lewicki And Associates, PLLC 11541 Warrington Court Phone (303) 346-5196 Fax: (303)-346-6934 Parker, CO USA 80138 E-Mail:info@lewicki.biz March 10, 2016 Garfield County Clerk and Recorder 109 8th Street, Suite 200 Glenwood Springs, CO 81601 Dear Garfield County Clerk: Enclosed is a notice for an amendment application to the Colorado Division of Reclamation, Mining, and Safety for the 112c gravel permit for the pit known as the 5 Mile Pit, located approximately 4.3 miles southwest of Parachute, CO near I 70. The applicant is Elam Construction, Inc. The Colorado Division of Reclamation, Mining, and Safety requires evidence that the application has been filed with your office. Therefore, please sign and date the box below. Thank you. Sincerely, Ben Langenfeld, P. E. Greg Lewicki and Associates The application was received on the following date: by: EXHIBIT S PERMANENT MAN-MADE STRUCTURES The following is an inventory of man-made structures within 200 feet of the disturbed area. All of these structures are shown on Map C-1. The landowner boundaries can also be found on Map C-1. Damage waiver agreements are attached to this exhibit. In the event that a damage waiver was unobtainable, see the Geotechnical Stability Exhibit. 1. Union Pacific Railroad, ROW, and culverts, along the north side of the property 2. Xcel power line, power poles, and easement, along the east side of the property 3. Battlement Parkway (CR 300) 4. Fence along the north property line 5 Mile Pit March 2016 S-1 RULE 1.6.2(1)(B) Prior to the submittal of the application, a sign was erected at the entrance to the site which contained all the required information regarding Rule 1.6.2(1)(b). Please see enclosed sign certification. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 RULE -1 THIS SITE IS THE LOCATION OF A PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS OPERATION. ELAM CONSTRUCTION, INC., WHOSE ADDRESS AND PHONE NUMBER ARE 556 STRUTHERS AVENUE, GRAND JUNCTION, CO 81501-3826 AND (970) 242-5370, HAS APPLIED FOR A RECLAMATION PERMIT WITH THE COLORADO MINED LAND RECLAMATION BOARD. ANYONE WISHING TO COMMENT ON THE APPLICATION MAY VIEW THE APPLICATION AT THE GARFIELD COUNTY CLERK AND RECORDER'S OFFICE: 109 8TH STREET, SUITE 200, GLENWOOD SPRINGS, CO 81601, AND SHOULD SEND COMMENTS PRIOR TO THE END OF THE PUBLIC COMMENT PERIOD TO THE DIVISION OF RECLAMATION, MINING, AND SAFETY, 1313 SHERMAN ST, ROOM 215, DENVER, COLORADO 80203. Certification: I, , hereby certify that I posted a sign containing the above notice for the proposed permit area known as the 5 Mile Pit , on SIGNATURE DATE GEOTECHNICAL STABILITY EXHIBIT There are no buildings or any structures outside the permit area which could be affected by the excavation. A minimum 100 foot buffer will be maintained from the permit boundary line to all new excavations. There will be no mining related disturbance within 30 feet of the property line. Since the permanent condition of the slopes will be backfilled 3H: 1V earth slopes, two scenarios are evaluated: 2.1 Scenario 1 — All Backfill is Gravel Figure U-1, from Huang, shows typical internal angles of friction for various materials. Assuming that the gravel is classified as GC (clayey gravels, poorly graded gravel -sand -clay), this material has an internal angle of friction of approximately 34 degrees. The Factor of Safety (FOS) for sand and gravel with a (3H:1V) 18.4 degree slope in GC classified material with an assumed internal angle of friction of 34 degrees can be approximated by ignoring the cohesion component of the stability and simply evaluating the internal angle of friction as follows: FOS = Tangent of Internal Angle of Friction Tangent of Actual Angle of Failure Surface Tan 34° 0.6745 FOS = — — 2.0 Tan 18.4° 0.3326 2.2 Scenario 2 — Backfill is Sand Figure U-1, from Huang, shows typical internal angles of friction for various materials. Assuming that the backfill is classified as SM (silty sands, poorly graded sand -silt mixture), this material has an internal angle of friction of approximately 34 degrees. 5 Mile Pit March 2016 GEO-3 The Factor of Safety (FOS) for sand backfill with a (3H:1V) 18.4 degree slope in SM classified material with an assumed internal angle of friction of 34 degrees can be approximated by ignoring the cohesion component of the stability and simply evaluating the internal angle of friction as follows: FOS = Tangent of Internal Angle of Friction Tangent of Actual Angle of Failure Surface Tan 34° 0.6745 FOS = — 2.0 Tan 18.4° 0.3326 Ignoring cohesion in this scenario is done to accommodate a range of saturation conditions. Installing SM classified material at no steeper than 3H:1V ensures that the slope is stable regardless of the water table level. 2.3 Conclusion The factor of safety in both scenarios is 2.0, well above the minimum of 1.5 for permanent conditions. Ben Langenfeld, P.E. P.E.# 0047151 Date: 5 Mile Pit March 2016 GEO-4 E$ E 1 5 Mile Pit March 2016 Weg U 5 EN� ESN A n T n +1 +1 +I }1 41 +1 +1 +1 . +I +1 . A;;ARin4.1:4X nt ggg s gg 666.16 66 666666 6 6 E O O S p G M41 . n n eccccdoc pd � • • r #I +1 +I +I +I }I }I it • }I it 66666666 c -- n e n r n e v n v n n N N == .1' eti 47 o 71 C O p 14 ei V V V Vnenoo r-N.Q- nn — — r 41 41 +1 41 +I +1 41 41 +1 +1 • A A gAa6aa,,,agn ao` m UU u d yyxx Figure GEO-1 (from Huang) GEO-5 APPENDIX 1 - MAPS 5 Mile Pit March 2016 LEGEND BOUNDARIES Location: Latitude: 39.400648° Longitude: -108.105252° County: Garfield Nearest Town: Parachute (3.9 miles) Township: 7S Range: 95W PM: 6th Colorado River 0 200' 400' 600' State or territorial ---------- County or equivalent -- -- -- -- Incorporated city or equivalent — — Federally administered area — — — — — AND RELATED BUILDINGS STRUCTURES Building Fence Gas and Water Wells • BASELINE CONTOURS Index Approximate of indefinite Intermediate Approximate of indefinite Supplementary LAND SURVEYS Public Land Survey System Range or Township line Range or Township labels R1 E T2N Section line Section numbers 1-36 Mining claim or property boundary — BASELINE MINES AND CAVES Gravel, sand, clay, or borrow pit x ROADS AND RELATED FEATURES Highway Light duty road, paved Light duty road, gravel Unimproved road _ _ Trail - - Road block, berm, or barrier Gate on road Cattle crossing guard Railroad IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII RIVERS, LAKES, SHORELINES, AND CANALS Perennial stream/ditch �-------__ ----- Perennial river / - Intermittent stream/ditch / — Perennial lake/pond CliD Intermittent lake/pond / - Flood Plain — --- VEGETATION Soils — — 3 Rangeland WETLANDS (USFWS National Wetland Inventory) Freshwater Emergent * * TRANSMISSION LINES AND PIPELINES Power transmission line; pole; tower 0 0 0 Power transmission line, buried Telephone/data line, above ground G-----0-----0 Telephone/data line, buried ---------- Pipeline (non -water), above ground 0— — -e- — —is Pipeline (non -water), buried — — MINING FEATURES DRMS Permit Boundary 200' Offset of DRMS Permit Boundary I _.--- , nco.-:\- \ / _ c\,2,00 - e ...-- \., \ \ cc\e/-7 1 0� \ / � / \ / (6/ati \ 1/ • o I l / /2 • � T Location: Latitude: 39.400648° Longitude: -108.105252° County: Garfield Nearest Town: Parachute (3.9 miles) Township: 7S Range: 95W PM: 6th Colorado River 0 200' 400' 600' 1":200' \ 1' Greg Lewicki And Associates 11541 Warrington Court Phone (303)-346-5196 Parker, Co USA 80138 E -Mail - info@lewicki.biz lii • I I -- r— • 1 FENCE OWNED BY 5 MILE RANCH AND UP RAILROAD NON -SHADED AREAS ARE RANGELAND VEGETATION POWERLINE AND EASEMENT OWNED BY XCEL ENERGY • • • / . • 7 7 7 Map C-1 - Baseline Conditions 5 Mile Pit Elam Construction, Inc. Mine Entry State: Colorado Section: 28&33 Watershed: Map Scale: Location: Latitude: 39.400648° Longitude: -108.105252° County: Garfield Nearest Town: Parachute (3.9 miles) Township: 7S Range: 95W PM: 6th Colorado River 0 200' 400' 600' 1":200' Map Georeferencing Information: Datum: NAD83 Projection: Colorado State Plane Central Survey Source: Google Survey Date: ---- Imagery Source: Google Imagery Date: 06/01/14 Drawn by: Ben Langenfeld Date: 10/05/15 Checked by: ---- Date: ---- Approved by: ---- Date: ---- File Name: D:\Dropbox\Elam\5 MileWUtoCAD\5 Mile 160901.dwg Greg Lewicki And Associates 11541 Warrington Court Phone (303)-346-5196 Parker, Co USA 80138 E -Mail - info@lewicki.biz POWERLINE AND EASEMENT OWNED BY XCEL ENERGY LEGEND BOUNDARIES \ State or territorial ---------- County or equivalent --------- Incorporated city or equivalent – – Federally administered area — — — — — — BUILDINGS AND RELATED STRUCTURES Building Fence O o 0 0 Gas and Water Wells • BASELINE CONTOURS Index Approximate of indefinite Intermediate Approximate of indefinite Supplementary \ 1 LAND SURVEYS Public Land Survey System Range or Township line Range or Township labels R1 E T2N Section line Section numbers 1-36 Mining claim or property boundary ROADS AND RELATED FEATURES Highway Light duty road, paved Light duty road, gravel Unimproved road = Trail - - Road block, berm, or barrier Gate on road Cattle crossing guard Railroad IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII RIVERS, LAKES, SHORELINES, AND CANALS Perennial stream/ditch --\ — Perennial river Intermittent stream/ditch / — Perennial lake/pond Intermittent lake/pond / - 1 Elevated flume, aqueduct, or conduit o o o o 0 Drainage Basin Flood Plain --- VEGETATION Rangeland WETLANDS Delineated TRANSMISSION LINES AND PIPELINES Power transmission line; pole; tower 0 0 0 Power transmission line, buried Telephone/data line, above ground G-----0-----0 Telephone/data line, buried ---------- Pipeline (non -water), above ground 0— — -e- - -0 Pipeline (non -water), buried — — MINING FEATURES DRMS Permit Boundary Fixed Structures Mobile Structures =7 C. Mining Phases Berm/windrow POST -MINING CONTOURS Index Intermediate J /017/7 A 0 0 °N \ i 1":200' Map Georeferencing Information: Datum: NAD83 Projection: Colorado State Plane Central Survey Source: Google Survey Date: ---- Imagery Source: Google Imagery Date: 06/01/14 Drawn by: Ben Langenfeld Date: 10/05/15 Checked by: ---- Date: ---- Approved by: ---- Date: ---- File Name: D:\Dropbox\Elam\5 Mile\AutoCAD\5 Mile 160901.dwg Greg Lewicki And Associates 11541 Warrington Court Phone (303)-346-5196 Parker, CO USA 80138 E -Mail - info@lewicki.biz \ 1 _1 °N 0 r 0 r� I ---------------- 0 Map C-2 - Mine Plan 5 Mile Pit Elam Construction, Inc. \ i 1":200' Map Georeferencing Information: Datum: NAD83 Projection: Colorado State Plane Central Survey Source: Google Survey Date: ---- Imagery Source: Google Imagery Date: 06/01/14 Drawn by: Ben Langenfeld Date: 10/05/15 Checked by: ---- Date: ---- Approved by: ---- Date: ---- File Name: D:\Dropbox\Elam\5 Mile\AutoCAD\5 Mile 160901.dwg Greg Lewicki And Associates 11541 Warrington Court Phone (303)-346-5196 Parker, CO USA 80138 E -Mail - info@lewicki.biz \ _1 0 r 0 r� I ---------------- 0 Map C-2 - Mine Plan 5 Mile Pit Elam Construction, Inc. Mine Entry State: Colorado Section: 28&33 Watershed: Map Scale: Location: Latitude: 39.400648° Longitude: -108.105252° County: Garfield Nearest Town: Parachute (3.9 miles) Township: 7S Range: 95W PM: 6th Colorado River 0 200' 400' 600' 1":200' Map Georeferencing Information: Datum: NAD83 Projection: Colorado State Plane Central Survey Source: Google Survey Date: ---- Imagery Source: Google Imagery Date: 06/01/14 Drawn by: Ben Langenfeld Date: 10/05/15 Checked by: ---- Date: ---- Approved by: ---- Date: ---- File Name: D:\Dropbox\Elam\5 Mile\AutoCAD\5 Mile 160901.dwg Greg Lewicki And Associates 11541 Warrington Court Phone (303)-346-5196 Parker, CO USA 80138 E -Mail - info@lewicki.biz 1,7 ' LEGEND CROSS SECTIONS Baseline Topography Mining Extents Reclaimed Topography Permit Boundary Water Level A 5020' 5000' 4980' 3H:1V UPPER RECLAIMED SLOPES WATER LEVEL: 4989' 1.5H:1V MINING SLOPES 5020' 5000' 4980' 4960' 4960' O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O N • CO CO O N d- CO 00 O N CO 00 O N CO 00 O N CO CO O N • CO CO O N • CO CO O N • CO 00 O N CO 00 O N CO 00 O N CO 00 O N CO 00 O N CO 00 O N co oo O N co oo O N co oo O N co o0 O N CO 00 O N CO 00 O N CO 00 O N co oo O N co 00 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + O O O O O NNNNN Cr) Cr) Cr) Cr) Cr) Lt) LC) Ln Ln LC) CO CO CO CO CO N- N- N- ti ti o0 CO CO CO CO 6) CA CA CA 6) 0 0 0 0 0 N N N N N Cr) Cr) Cr) CO CO 7r in in in in in C9 C9 C9 C9 CD N N N N ti CO CO CO CO CO 0) 0) 0) 0) CA 0 0 0 0 0 NNNNNNNNNN B 5020' 5000' 4980' 4960' 1.5H:1V MINING SLOPES WATER LEVEL: 4989' 3H:1V UPPER RECLAIMED SLOPES WATER LEVEL: 4989' B' 5020' 5000' 4980' 4960' O o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O N CO CO O N CO 00 O N CC:) CO O N Cfl CO O N CO 00 O N CO 00 O N CC:) CO O N Cfl CO O N CO 00 O N CO 00 O N C9 CO O N 7r C9 CO O N CO 00 O N CO 00 O N 7r C9 CO O N CO 00 O N CO 00 O N C9 CO O N 7r C9 CO O N + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + O O O O O N— N— x— x— N— N N N N N CO M M CO CO Ln Ln Ln 1.0 1.0 CO CO CO C9 CO ti ti ti ti ti 00 00 CO CO CO C5) C5) C5) C5) C5) O O O O O N— N— N— N— N— N N N N N CO Cr) Cr) CO CO In LO LCA LC) LO CO CO CO CO CO N- N- ti ti ti CO 00 00 CO CO C5) C5) CD Map C-3 Cross Sections 5 Mile Pit Elam Construction. Inc. Mine Entry Location: Latitude: 39.400648° Longitude: -108.105252° State: Colorado County: Garfield Nearest Town: Parachute (3.9 miles) Section: 28&33 Township: 7S Watershed: Colorado River Map Scale: 1": 500' 0 Range: 95W PM: 6th 500' 1000' 1500' Map Georeferencing Information: Datum: NAD83 Projection: Colorado State Plane Central Survey Source: Google Survey Date: ---- Imagery Date: 06/01/14 Imagery Source: Google Drawn by: Ben Langenfeld Checked by: ---- Approved by: ---- File Name: D:\Dropbox\Elam\5 Mile\AutoCAD\5 Mile 160223.dwg Date: 10/05/15 Date: ---- Date: ---- Greg Lewicki And Associates 11541 Warrington Court Phone (303)-346-5196 Parker, CO USA 80138 E -Mail - info@lewicki.biz MINING PLAN RECLAMATION PLAN Notes: Reclaimed slopes are 3H:1V down to 10' below the water level; 2H:1 V the remainder. 1.00ft. Freeboard 36" 10.00 ft. . Dell of flow J 12" Trapezoidal Channe Equal Side Slopes Channel Lining: 36 inch Rock Rip -Rap Riprap Size Gradation (36" Riprap) Typical Stone Dimension Percent Smaller Layer Thickness 54" 100 36" 42-30" 75 18" 0 Bedding 3" sieve 100-90 12" 3/4" sieve 90-20 12" #4 sieve 20-0 #200 sieve 3-0 LEGEND BOUNDARIES \ State or territorial ---------- County or equivalent --------- Incorporated city or equivalent – – — — — — — — Federally administered area BUILDINGS AND RELATED STRUCTURES Building Fence 0 0 0 0 Gas and Water Wells • BASELINE CONTOURS Index Approximate of indefinite Intermediate Approximate of indefinite Supplementary \ 1 LAND SURVEYS Public Land Survey System Range or Township line Range or Township labels R1 E T2N Section line — Section numbers 1-36 Mining claim or property boundary — — ROADS AND RELATED FEATURES Highway Light duty road, paved Light duty road, gravel Unimproved road _ _ Trail - - Road block, berm, or barrier Gate on road Cattle crossing guard Railroad IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII RIVERS, LAKES, SHORELINES, AND CANALS Perennial stream/ditch _--\ _– Perennial river Intermittent stream/ditch / — Perennial lake/pond Intermittent lake/pond / - r Elevated flume, aqueduct, or conduit o 0 0 0 0 Flood Plain VEGETATION Rangeland WETLANDS Delineated TRANSMISSION LINES AND PIPELINES Power transmission line; pole; tower 0 0 0 Power transmission line, buried Telephone/data line, above ground G-----0-----0 Telephone/data line, buried ---------- Pipeline (non -water), above ground 0— — –e– — -0 Pipeline (non -water), buried — — MINING FEATURES DRMS Permit Boundary POST -RECLAMATION CONTOURS Index Intermediate / e e O vrva c\ / ra� 7 0 ,9076,0 O °N \ i 1":200' Map Georeferencing Information: Datum: NAD83 Projection: Colorado State Plane Central Survey Source: Google Survey Date: ---- Imagery Source: Google Imagery Date: 06/01/14 Drawn by: Ben Langenfeld Date: 10/05/15 Checked by: ---- Date: ---- Approved by: ---- Date: ---- File Name: D:\Dropbox\Elam\5 Mile\AutoCAD\5 Mile 160901.dwg Greg Lewicki And Associates 11541 Warrington Court Phone (303)-346-5196 Parker, CO USA 80138 E -Mail - info@lewicki.biz \ 1 °N r 0 / / 7 7 Map F-1 Reclamation Plan 5 Mile Pit Elam Construction, Inc. \ i 1":200' Map Georeferencing Information: Datum: NAD83 Projection: Colorado State Plane Central Survey Source: Google Survey Date: ---- Imagery Source: Google Imagery Date: 06/01/14 Drawn by: Ben Langenfeld Date: 10/05/15 Checked by: ---- Date: ---- Approved by: ---- Date: ---- File Name: D:\Dropbox\Elam\5 Mile\AutoCAD\5 Mile 160901.dwg Greg Lewicki And Associates 11541 Warrington Court Phone (303)-346-5196 Parker, CO USA 80138 E -Mail - info@lewicki.biz \ _1 r 0 / / 7 7 Map F-1 Reclamation Plan 5 Mile Pit Elam Construction, Inc. Mine Entry State: Colorado Section: 28&33 Watershed: Map Scale: Location: Latitude: 39.400648° Longitude: -108.105252° County: Garfield Nearest Town: Parachute (3.9 miles) Township: 7S Range: 95W PM: 6th Colorado River 0 200' 400' 600' 1":200' Map Georeferencing Information: Datum: NAD83 Projection: Colorado State Plane Central Survey Source: Google Survey Date: ---- Imagery Source: Google Imagery Date: 06/01/14 Drawn by: Ben Langenfeld Date: 10/05/15 Checked by: ---- Date: ---- Approved by: ---- Date: ---- File Name: D:\Dropbox\Elam\5 Mile\AutoCAD\5 Mile 160901.dwg Greg Lewicki And Associates 11541 Warrington Court Phone (303)-346-5196 Parker, CO USA 80138 E -Mail - info@lewicki.biz • -411 LEGEND BOUNDARIES \ State or territorial ---------- County or equivalent --------- Incorporated city or equivalent – – — — — — — — Federally administered area BUILDINGS AND RELATED STRUCTURES Building Fence 0 0 0 0 Gas and Water Wells • BASELINE CONTOURS Index Approximate of indefinite Intermediate Approximate of indefinite Supplementary \ 1 LAND SURVEYS Public Land Survey System Range or Township line Range or Township labels R1 E T2N Section line — Section numbers 1-36 Mining claim or property boundary — — ROADS AND RELATED FEATURES Highway Light duty road, paved Light duty road, gravel Unimproved road _ _ Trail - - Road block, berm, or barrier Gate on road Cattle crossing guard Railroad IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII RIVERS, LAKES, SHORELINES, AND CANALS Perennial stream/ditch _--\ _– Perennial river Intermittent stream/ditch / — Perennial lake/pond Intermittent lake/pond / - r Elevated flume, aqueduct, or conduit o 0 0 0 0 Flood Plain VEGETATION Rangeland WETLANDS Delineated TRANSMISSION LINES AND PIPELINES Power transmission line; pole; tower 0 0 0 Power transmission line, buried Telephone/data line, above ground G-----0-----0 Telephone/data line, buried ---------- Pipeline (non -water), above ground 0— — –e– — -0 Pipeline (non -water), buried — — MINING FEATURES DRMS Permit Boundary POST -RECLAMATION CONTOURS Index Intermediate / 7 e e Ova c\ / vrrao / / 0 ,9076, 0 O 10/ 17/ Jam/ g °N \ i 1":200' Map Georeferencing Information: Datum: NAD83 Projection: Colorado State Plane Central Survey Source: Google Survey Date: ---- Imagery Source: Google Imagery Date: 06/01/14 Drawn by: Ben Langenfeld Date: 10/05/15 Checked by: ---- Date: ---- Approved by: ---- Date: ---- File Name: D:\Dropbox\Elam\5 Mile\AutoCAD\5 Mile 160901.dwg Greg Lewicki And Associates 11541 Warrington Court Phone (303)-346-5196 Parker, CO USA 80138 E -Mail - info@lewicki.biz \ 1 _1 °N r 0 7 7 Map F-2 Reclamation Plan 5 Mile Pit Elam Construction, Inc. \ i 1":200' Map Georeferencing Information: Datum: NAD83 Projection: Colorado State Plane Central Survey Source: Google Survey Date: ---- Imagery Source: Google Imagery Date: 06/01/14 Drawn by: Ben Langenfeld Date: 10/05/15 Checked by: ---- Date: ---- Approved by: ---- Date: ---- File Name: D:\Dropbox\Elam\5 Mile\AutoCAD\5 Mile 160901.dwg Greg Lewicki And Associates 11541 Warrington Court Phone (303)-346-5196 Parker, CO USA 80138 E -Mail - info@lewicki.biz \ _1 r 0 7 7 Map F-2 Reclamation Plan 5 Mile Pit Elam Construction, Inc. Mine Entry State: Colorado Section: 28&33 Watershed: Map Scale: Location: Latitude: 39.400648° Longitude: -108.105252° County: Garfield Nearest Town: Parachute (3.9 miles) Township: 7S Range: 95W PM: 6th Colorado River 0 200' 400' 600' 1":200' Map Georeferencing Information: Datum: NAD83 Projection: Colorado State Plane Central Survey Source: Google Survey Date: ---- Imagery Source: Google Imagery Date: 06/01/14 Drawn by: Ben Langenfeld Date: 10/05/15 Checked by: ---- Date: ---- Approved by: ---- Date: ---- File Name: D:\Dropbox\Elam\5 Mile\AutoCAD\5 Mile 160901.dwg Greg Lewicki And Associates 11541 Warrington Court Phone (303)-346-5196 Parker, CO USA 80138 E -Mail - info@lewicki.biz • -411