Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout1.37 Central Water Distribution CENTRAL WATER DISTRIBUTION AND WASTEWATER SYSTEMS NUTRIENT FARM February 2021 Prepared by 118 West Sixth Street, Suite 200 Glenwood Springs, CO 81601 970.945.1004 970.945.5948 fax CENTRAL WATER DISTRIBUTION AND WASTEWATER SYSTEMS NUTRIENT FARM PREPARED BY DAVID M. KOTZ, P. E. SGM Project # 2018-271.002 02/16/2021 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction 1-4 2.0 Riverbend Water and Sewer Company 2-1 2.1 Riverbend Potable Water Supply 2-1 2.2 Riverbend Water Treatment 2-2 2.3 Riverbend Distribution System 2-2 2.4 Riverbend Water Storage 2-3 2.5 Riverbend Wastewater Treatment 2-4 3.0 Nutrient Farm Water and Sewer 3-1 3.1 Nutrient Farm Potable Water Supply 3-1 3.2 Nutrient Farm Potable Water Treatment 3-1 3.3 Nutrient Farm Distribution System 3-3 3.4 Nutrient Farm Water Storage 3-4 1.0 Introduction This report fulfills the requirements of 7-105 CENTRAL WATER DISTIRIBUTION AND WASTEWATER SYSTEMS of the Garfield County Land Use and Development Code (LUDC) for the Nutrient Farm Planned Unit Development (PUD). Detailed information about the legal and physical supply of water is contained elsewhere in this submission in the Nutrient Farm Water Supply Adequacy Report. The proposed residential developments in Areas 1, 3 and 4 of the PUD are immediately adjacent to the existing Riverbend Subdivisions and within 400’ of water and sewer infrastructure. The Garfield County LUDC encourages connection to the existing central water and wastewater systems owned and operated by the Riverbend Water and Sewer Company (RWSC). The existing Riverbend systems serve only residential uses and have capacity to serve the ultimate 17 ½ acre lots with up to 17 Accessory Dwelling Units (ADU). Real Estate development is not the primary focus of the Nutrient Farm PUD and these lots will be phased in gradually over time as the owner chooses to provide living opportunities for family, friends, employees and others. Even so, there is the potential for private sale of these lots. With the strictly residential use and proximity to RWSC infrastructure, it makes sense for Areas 1, 3 and 4 to connect into the central systems. Both RWSC and Nutrient Farm anticipate a future agreement that will define the terms and connection requirements, based on then current Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE) regulations, rate studies, etc. The other proposed mixed uses on Nutrient Farm are located downstream from Riverbend and significantly beyond the 400’ threshold cited in 7-105 and, as such, Nutrient Farm plans to develop its own on-site water and wastewater systems. Initially, the farm operations, produce stand/store, greenhouse and processing buildings will be served by point of use water treatment and on-site wastewater treatment systems (OWTS). As public uses like the restaurant, campground and commercial areas develop, public water system triggers will be met, and Nutrient Farm will construct its own public water system in accordance with CDPHE regulations. This report provides a discussion of the existing Riverbend water and wastewater systems and those proposed by Nutrient Farm. Industry standard design criteria for the water distribution, storage and supply systems and wastewater treatment are summarized. A Conceptual Water and Sewer Plan is presented in which illustrates the overall systems necessary to serve Nutrient Farm. 2.0 Riverbend Water and Sewer Company 2.1 Riverbend Potable Water Supply The following paragraphs discuss the existing Riverbend water supply system with proposed Nutrient Farm demands. A reliable water system should be capable of providing water at rates exceeding maximum day demands. The calculations presented show that both the existing and the future system will be capable of providing flows well in excess of expected maximum day demands. Based on our research, review and understanding of information provided by Steve Boat, former President of the RWSC, the water for the existing Riverbend Subdivisions is currently supplied by Riverbend Well Nos. 3 and 4 which are located in the Nutrient Farm “East Pasture”. These are permitted under Well Permit Nos. 018146-F and 018147-F with a max pumping rate of 300 gallons per minute (gpm). Well Nos. 3 (10 hp) and 4 (7 ½ hp) have proved to be a very reliable wells with current pumping rates of about 65 gpm and 50 gpm, respectively. Three additional wells, Riverbend Wells Nos. 1, 2 and 5 have been drilled near the existing well house in the East Pasture. Pump tests on these wells indicate similar production in excess of 180 gallons per minute. These wells provide reserve capacity and can provide increased mechanical reliability to the overall system when placed on-line. These wells are permitted under Well Permit Nos. 018144-F, 018145-F and 018148-F, all with max pumping rates of 300 gpm. (Refer to the Nutrient Farm Water Supply Adequacy report contain elsewhere in the PUD submittal materials for complete information on the wells and legal water supply.) The existing water system currently serves sixty-six (66) users within the Riverbend area and has seven (7) additional obligations. Per the adopted covenants, Riverbend users are allowed to irrigate up to 3,500 square feet of lawn area plus 500 square feet of garden in addition to an average in-house use. This past summer water production from 7/16/2020 to 8/8/2020 was 1,528,828 gal/22 days = 69,492 per day. Dividing by 66 users, this equates to 1,053 gallon per day (gpd). Because of the hot, dry weather over that period, SGM considers this to approximate the maximum day demand (MDD). The average day demand (ADD) is typically approximated by the engineering standard of 100 gallons per person per day and 3.5 people per lot. This equates to one 1 Single Family Equivalent (SFE) = 350 gpd. So, this summer the actual Riverbend max day peaking factor could be estimated by 1,053/350 = 3.0. Water system supplies should be able to provide water at maximum day demand rate. The 69,492 gpd observed this summer equate to 48.3 gpm. With Wells Nos. 3 and 4 providing 65 gpm and 50 gpm the supply is satisfactory for existing conditions. The 7 additional obligations would add in only 7/66 x 48.3 = 5.1 gpm to the MDD and the system supply would still be adequate. In order to determine the projected increase in water demand of Nutrient Farm Residential Area 1, 3 and 4 (maximum of 17 lots) a calculation was done using the engineering standard of 100 gallons per person per day and 3.5 people per lot. This equates to one 1 Single Family Equivalent (SFE) = 350 gpd. Each of the proposed lots could have an Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU) which could conservatively be accounted for as 0.8 SFE = 280 gpd. Thus, each lot could produce an additional average daily demand (ADD) of 350 + 280 = 630 gpd. In the unlikely event that every lot builds an ADU, the added Nutrient Farm average daily demand (ADD) would be 17 x 630 = 10,710 gpd or 7.44 gpm. A maximum day demand (MDD) peaking factor of 4.0 x ADD is a conservatively high value planning value for water systems this size in Western Colorado and the Garfield County LUDC specifies that peak hour flows are to be 6.0 x ADD. These, figures include the limited outside irrigation use typical of subdivisions. Thus, Nutrient Farm could add 4.0 x 7.44 = 29.8 gpm under maximum day demand (MDD) conditions and 6.0 x 7.44 = 44.6 gpm for peak hour. (These ultimate planning figures are conservatively high given the observed flows in Riverbend and the low probability of having ADUs on each Nutrient Farm lot.) In Nutrient Farm, the potable water system will provide water for in house use and a limited amount of outside use on the ½ acre lots. The water supply adequacy report contemplates 2,500 square feet of irrigated area. Nutrient Farm may or may not choose to provide raw water for additional lawn irrigation or supplemental fire protection, if needed. This secondary irrigation system would take its water from a pipeline off the Vulcan Ditch and would not burden the RWSC system. All this will be factored into the future RWSC/Nutrient Farm agreement. As for ultimate water supply needs, the total MDD would be 48.3 (existing RWSC) + 5.1 (7 obligations) + 29.8 (Nutrient Farm) = 83.2 gpm MDD. Again, for supply concerns, the system should be able to provide reliable max day demand. Current capacity of Well 3 is 65 gpm and Well 4 has 50 gpm with the current 10 hp and 7 ½ hp pumps. The two wells, if pumped concurrently, have the capability of providing about 115 gpm. For redundancy, the RWSC and Nutrient Farm should consider having a spare pump on site to minimize the drawdown of storage when a motor goes out. 2.2 Riverbend Water Treatment The water system is operated by RWSC under the regulations of the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE) governing public water systems (PWS). (The nuances and details of CDPHE regulations are discussed later in this report.) Both wells have been shown to be a true groundwater source requiring only disinfection. Water from the Riverbend Well Nos. 3 and 4 is pumped through the chlorination facility in the Nutrient Farm East Pasture and then in an 8” PVC main that provides contact time prior to the distribution system. 2.3 Riverbend Distribution System The water for the existing Riverbend Subdivisions is supplied by Riverbend Wells in the Nutrient Farm East Pasture. Pumped flow travels through the chlorination and an 8” PVC transmission main to the subdivisions. A series of 8” and 6” distribution mains and service lines provide water to each individual lot within Riverbend. The pumped flow then travels through the distribution system to underground ground water storage tanks located on Nutrient Farm Residential Area 2 above and east of Riverbend Filing 2. Refer to the Nutrient Farm PUD Water & Sewer Plan for a graphic depiction of the existing and proposed systems. New 8” water mains will be connected to the existing RWSC mains and then be extended within the road rights of way of Nutrient Farm Residential Areas 1 and 3 to provide a distribution system for the new lots. The two lots in Residential Area 4 will simply connect services to the existing main. Fire hydrants will be placed at a maximum spacing of 500 feet apart throughout the subdivision and will be located for maximum accessibility for firefighting personnel. The normal water level elevation in the existing Riverbend tanks is approximately 5955 feet. Normal system pressures in the Nutrient Farm residential areas will range from about 90 psi in Residential Area 4 to a maximum of about 145 psi at the lowest lots in Residential Areas 1 and 3. Standard domestic water service sizes of 1” will be utilized throughout the entire system. The water service lines will be tapped from the distribution mains to the lot line. A curb valve will be located at this point and will delineate the responsibility between the private property owner and the RWSC. Each new domestic water service will be metered. 2.4 Riverbend Water Storage The Riverbend potable water system is currently served by two existing underground, steel water storage tanks located east of the Riverbend Subdivision Filing 2 in Nutrient Farm proposed Residential Area 2. These tanks are located high above the users and will provide sufficient pressures throughout Riverbend and Nutrient Farm Residential Areas 1, 3 and 4. The water levels in both tanks fluctuate together and capacities are about 25,000 and 23,000 gallons for a total storage of about 48,000 gallons. The storage capacity for a water system can be evaluated in terms of equalization, fire and emergency needs. Equalization storage accounts for normal drawdown in peak usage periods when consumption exceeds production and occupies the upper portion of the tanks. Fire storage is allocated immediately below equalization, with the emergency storage reserve filling the bottom levels of the tank. Emergency storage is the most subjective of the components. It should be based upon the owner's assessment of the reliability of the water system and the possible ramifications of running out of water during an emergency event. Regarding equalization storage, Riverbend has and will have the benefit of having a water supply which is capable of providing water at about 115 gpm which exceeds the max day demands for both existing and proposed ultimate conditions with all Nutrient Farm connections. Estimated ultimate peak hour demands are 1.5 X 83.2 = 124.8 gpm in comparison to water production of 115 gpm. Tank drawdown can be estimated by 6 hours of peak hour flow – production. So here we have (124.8 – 115 = 9.8 gpm) x 6 hours x 60 min./hour = 3,528 gallons. Required fire storage is usually determined by the Fire Chief or department having jurisdiction over the area. Based on our July 2020 site meeting with Fire Prevention Division Chief Orrin Moon, we expect specific comment on storage needs and other system requirements from Colorado River Fire and Rescue (CRFR) upon review of this PUD application and future review at the time of platting for Residential Areas 1, 3 and 4. For now, we’ll plan on the typical residential requirement for homes < 3600 sf of 1000 gpm for 2 hours = 120,000 gallons. For emergency storage, the RWSC and Nutrient Farm will have to decide on the amount to provide. A minimum value equivalent to one average day demand or about 30,000 gallons would be reasonable by today’s municipal standards. The total of the ultimate recommended equalization, fire and emergency storage components is slightly over 150,000 gallons. With existing storage at about 48,000 gallons, the RWSC and Nutrient Farm should plan on phasing in additional storage over time. The actual Nutrient Farm development schedule and CRFD recommendations will factor in. Additionally, it is beneficial to have a dual fire protection system if either of these systems is out of service for any reason. Nutrient Farm will be providing ample raw water storage, dry hydrants, and wet hydrants for CRFR use on the western ranch near the existing subdivision. These facilities may reduce the potable water storage requirements that CRFR has for the Riverbend system. 2.5 Riverbend Wastewater Treatment The existing RWSC wastewater treatment facility at Riverbend is permitted by the CDPHE under the Colorado Discharge Permit System – Domestic Wastewater Treatment Facilities With 100:1 Dilution Permit, Permit Number COG588000 Certification Number: COG588006. It is a domestic, minor municipal lagoon system consisting of two aerated lagoons, a polishing pond and chlorination followed by a 2” Parshall Flume with a continuous recorder and totalizer and must be operated by a Class D certified operator. The hydraulic and organic capacities 0.0247 MGD and 40.1 lbs BOD5/day. Per the RWSC, there are currently 63 lots online with 7 additional obligations. The 30-day average daily flow in July 2020 was 8200 gpd as reported by the RWSC. That equates to 130 gpd per each of the 63 lots rather than the 280 gpd typically used for planning purposes. With a permitted hydraulic capacity of 24,700 gallons per day, the facility currently operates at approximately 33% hydraulic capacity. Considering the 7 additional obligations at the planning value of 280 gpd adds 1960 gpd and the facility would be at 10,160 gpd or 41% hydraulic capacity. This suggests there is approximately 59 % available capacity for service area expansion into Nutrient Farm. Like the water system, only Residential Areas 1, 3 and 4 (up to 17 lots plus up to 17 ADUs) are planned for connection. These residential uses will be phased in gradually over time. Both RWSC and Nutrient Farm anticipate a future agreement at the time of platting that will define the terms and connection requirements, based on then current CDPHE regulations, engineering analyses, rate studies, etc. Based on planning numbers each lot would add 280 gpd and each ADU would add 224 gpd to the wastewater stream. Considering ultimate Nutrient Farm development with an unlikely ADU on each lot would add 17 x (280 + 224) = 8568 gpd. Total flow for Riverbend, additional obligations and ultimate Nutrient Farm would be 18,728 gpd or about 76% hydraulic capacity. 3.0 Nutrient Farm Water and Sewer 3.1 Nutrient Farm Potable Water Supply While the proposed Nutrient Farm residential uses are located next to the existing subdivisions, by design, and will connect to that water infrastructure, the remainder of the Farm’s proposed uses are located well beyond the 400’ threshold listed in the LUDC. Given the large size of the ranch, food processing needs, and eventual commercial uses open to the public, Nutrient Farm will develop its own potable system to serve all uses other than Residential Areas 1, 3 and 4. The Vulcan Ditch and associated pump station for the Coal Ridge Pump and Pipeline will supply raw water to Nutrient Farm via the existing 18” HDPE pressurized pipeline. Ample storage will be provided in lined farm ponds linked to the raw water pressurized system and open channel ditches that will deliver water to various points of use throughout the ranch. 3.2 Nutrient Farm Potable Water Treatment Initially, Nutrient Farm will have its own private system that serves only the Farm’s agricultural operations and facilities as well as the owner’s personal residence in Area 2. As such, simple point- of-entry or point-of-use treatment systems will be utilized. At such time when commercial uses are developed, the potable system will eventually meet the various user thresholds defined by the CDPHE as described in Regulation 11 – Colorado Primary Drinking Water Regulations 5 CCR 1002-11 and will become a regulated “Public Water System” (PWS). The Water Supply Adequacy report contain elsewhere in the PUD submittal materials for complete information proposed uses and the legal water supply. For the initial private system, Nutrient Farm will utilize various means for treating drinking water ranging from simple distillation, and filters to sophisticated reverse osmosis, ultra-violet (UV), ozone and proprietary point-of-use treatment systems. Refer to the Conceptual Water and Sewer Plan contained in the PUD submittal for a graphic depiction of the existing and proposed water infrastructure envisioned at this time. With the commercial uses to occur in the future, the planning, design and CDPHE regulatory review and approvals for all treatment, distribution and storage components of the Public Water System will occur prior to public commercial use beyond any of the user thresholds. The definition of a public water system (PWS) can be paraphrased as follows: • A system for the provision of water to the public through pipes or other constructed conveyance, including collection, treatment, storage, or distribution facilities used in connection with such a system (whether under the system’s control or not) • Distribution system with more than 15 services connections or that regularly services 25 individuals daily at least 60 days per year. To fully understand the triggers and classifications of PWS it is necessary to review the full definitions contained in Regulation 11: (60) “PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM” or “PWS” means a system for the provision to the public of water for human consumption through pipes or other constructed conveyances, if such system has at least fifteen service connections or regularly serves an average of at least 25 individuals daily at least 60 days per year. A public water system is either a community water system or a non- community water system. Such term does not include any special irrigation district. Such term includes: (a) Any collection, treatment, storage, and distribution facilities under control of the supplier of such system and used primarily in connection with such system. (b) Any collection or pretreatment storage facilities not under such control, which are used primarily in connection with such system. (11) “COMMUNITY WATER SYSTEM” means a public water system that supplies at least 15 service connections used by year-round residents or that regularly supplies at least 25 year-round residents. (50) “NON-COMMUNITY WATER SYSTEM” means a public water system that is not a community water system. A non-community water system is either a “transient, non-community water system” or a “non-transient, non-community water system.” (51) “NON-TRANSIENT, NON-COMMUNITY WATER SYSTEM” means a public water system that regularly serves a population of at least 25 of the same people for at least six months per year and is not a community water system. (52) “NON-TRANSIENT POPULATION” means the average number of people served per day during the year or normal operating period(s), who do not reside at the place supplied by the system, but have a regular opportunity to consume water produced by the system. Regular opportunity is defined as four or more hours per day, for four or more days per week, for six or more months per year. (84) “TRANSIENT, NON-COMMUNITY WATER SYSTEM” means a non-community water system that serves a population of at least 25 people per day for at least 60 days per year and is not a non- transient, non-community water system or a community water system. (85) “TRANSIENT POPULATION” means the average number of individuals served per day during the year or annual operating period(s), who have an opportunity to consume water from the system, but who do not meet the definition of either resident population or non-transient population. For Nutrient Farm, we see the commercial uses serving the public (restaurant, adventure park, campground, etc.) as the probable trigger for the PWS rather than farm operations. This would likely be a “TRANSIENT, NON-COMMUNITY WATER SYSTEM” (TNC) classification and 25 persons for more than 60 days per year using the system. There are numerous requirements for the operation of a PWS. As a baseline, CDPHE requires all PWS to have a chlorine residual. This is to ensure disinfection of the entire distribution system up to the point of use. CDPHE does not allow point of use treatment for primary, acute health concer ns like bacteria and viruses (which is the purpose of chlorine). The only other approved product for residual disinfectant is chloramines, which is a combination of ammonia and chlorine. There are several compliance requirements for a PWS, including chlorine residual, total coliform and Lead & Copper. The compliance point for these items is at the point of entry to the served facilities. The reason being is that the PWS must ensure they are delivering a safe product. This is typically done at a sink so that it can be collected year-round. Beyond this compliance point, CDPHE does not regulate what happens to the water. Meaning a facility can, at their own risk, do additional treatments such as Reverse Osmosis, Softening, Carbon filtration, Ozone, etc. These additional treatments must be carefully applied to avoid creating unintended consequences like corrosive water. For the PWS, an inventory form is submitted to the CDPHE, which will review the submission and assign a Public Water Supply Identification number (PWSID) and an initial monitoring plan that specifies the water quality sampling requirements. During the first year of monitoring, the initial monitoring plan will be reviewed quarterly by CDPHE and the system should submit permit application. The permit application process for a Transient Non-Community? (TNC) system is a single form and review is expedited. In brief, the regulatory compliance requirements for this PWS are ultimately determined by CDPHE but would likely include at least: • Continuous chlorination and weekly chlorine monitoring of the water supply • Quarterly, Semi-annual, and Annual water quality reporting to CDPHE • D-licensed operator to maintain and operate the water supply system • All pertinent CDPHE requirements in Regulation No. 11 (5 CCR 1002-11) Given the above, Nutrient Farm envisions putting a central water treatment facility online prior to exceeding the PWS user thresholds. The location of the facility is currently planned at the southern end of Nutrient Farm Road in the central portion of the west ranch as shown on the Conceptual Water and Sewer Plan. The supply ponds southeast of the intersection of Adventure Road and Nutrient Farm Road will provide raw water to the treatment facility. For the ultimate, potable West Ranch uses (Areas 6, 7 & 8), maximum day demands are expected to be on the order of 50 to 60 gpm. The treatment facility will be designed for a slightly higher capacity. Many technologies could be utilized for the treatment facility, but the overall processes are likely to consist of sedimentation in the ranch supply ponds, filtration, chlorination, and pumping to contact piping, the potable distribution system and storage tank(s). The Garfield County PUD approval will essentially fix the approved uses and allowable timelines. As ranch operations are gearing up over the next couple of years, SGM will work with Nutrient Farm to finalize the details of the Basis of Design Report (BDR) and initiate CDPHE permitting of the facility. 3.3 Nutrient Farm Distribution System The Nutrient Farm potable water distribution system is located entirely on the West Ranch as shown on the Conceptual Water and Sewer Plan. Treated water will be pumped through a 10” HDPE transmission main to a tank on the hill side south of the West Ranch. New 8” HDPE water mains will be connected to the transmission mains to form a loop serving all of the individual uses within Areas 5, 6, 7 and 8. In some cases, 6” HDPE branches will spur off the 8” loop to serve an area. Fire hydrants will be placed at a maximum spacing of 500 feet in all developed areas with buildings and will be located for maximum accessibility for fire-fighting personnel. (Also, note there will be additional hydrants off the ponds and raw water piping to provide supplemental fire protection. Specifics, will be worked out with CRFR during the design stage as the various uses develop.) If the new tank is set at an elevation of approximately 5955 feet to match the normal water level elevation in the existing Riverbend tanks as shown, normal system pressures in the Nutrient Farm Areas 5, 6, 7 and 8 will range from about 45 psi at the retreat in Area 8 South to a maximum of about 145 psi at the restaurant and other facilities in Area 6 North. Mainline valves will be placed at tees and regular intervals along the mains so minimal service disruption occurs in the event of a break or leak repair. Minimum water service sizes of 1” will be utilized throughout the entire system. Each water service line will be tapped from the distribution main and have its own curb valve. Nutrient Farm will likely use master meters to track production but may not have individual meters at each service. 3.4 Nutrient Farm Water Storage The Nutrient Farm potable water system can be served by storage tank placed at an elevation roughly equivalent to the Riverbend Subdivision Filing 2 tanks or about 5955’ The Conceptual Water and Sewer Plan shows a potential location for a 150,000 gallon tank south of the intersect of Adventure Road and Nutrient Farm Road. This tank location is high above the users and will provide sufficient pressures throughout Nutrient Farm Areas 6, 7 and 8. Just like the Riverbend system, the required storage capacity for a Nutrient Farm can be evaluated in terms of equalization, fire and emergency needs. One difference is that Nutrient Farm will be providing abundant raw water storage in ponds in various locations in the West Ranch. There will be both dry hydrants and wet hydrants available for CRFR adjacent to the proposed uses. These facilities may reduce the potable fire storage requirements that CRFR has for the Nutrient Farm system. Regarding equalization storage, the Nutrient Farm potable water supply will be designed to provide water at the max day demand (50 to 60 gpm) for proposed ultimate conditions. Estimated ultimate peak hour demands are 1.5 X 60 = 90 gpm. Tank drawdown can be estimated by 6 hours of peak hour flow – production. So here we have (90 – 60 = 30 gpm) x 6 hours x 60 min./hour = 10,800 gallons. For the required fire storage, we’ll plan on the same 1000 gpm for 2 hours = 120,000 gallons allotted for the Riverbend system. For emergency storage component, that leaves 150,000 – 10,800 – 120,000 = 19.200 gallons. Nutrient Farm may elect to provide a larger or smaller tank based on CRFR recommendations. Again, it is beneficial to have a dual fire protection system if either of these systems is out of service for any reason. ------------------------------------------------------------End--------------------------------------------------------------